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 Aditya Mengi

07EC04

Seminar on :

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Introduction Generations timeline 4G  WCDMA 

CDMA2000 Moving on…..4G

OFDMA 

 Advantages MIMO

Other technologies  Applications Challenges and Needs Summary  References

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Successor to 2G and 3G families of standards

Promises ultra high-speed data services ~100 mbps for high mobility communication

~1 gbps for low mobility communication Comprehensive and all-IP based mobile broadband

solution

Telemedicine, streamed multimedia

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1G• Developed in the 70’s

• Completely analog system

2G• Late 1980’s

• Digitized voice signal, control link(TDMA)

3G

• Early 2001

• Faster data communication, better voice quality 

• Speed ~ 2 mbps

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To understand 4G – 3G knowledge a must…

3G WirelessStandards

 WCDMA  CDMA2000

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Channel BW – 5 Mhz

Modes of operation FDD

TDD Chip rate 3.84 Mbps

Coherent detection

Multiple hand-off 

support

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• Duplex pair – 1.25 Mhz

• Doubles the capacity of IS95

• Data speeds ~ 153 kbps

1X 

• Evolution – Data Optimized

• Uses CDMA, TDMA • Maximizes user, system

throughput1x EV-DO

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Based on OFDMA ( Orthogonal Frequency DivisionMultiple Access)

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Easily adapts to severe channel conditions – noequalisation required.

Robust against ISI, fading

High spectral efficiency as compared to conventionalmodulation schemes, spread spectrum, etc.

Low sensitivity to time synchronization errors.

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Multiple antennas at transmitter and receiver Improves communication performance

Smart antenna technology 

 Y = HX + n

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Dynamic Channel Allocation

• Better spectralefficiency 

• Increased channelcapacity 

• Handles trafficbetter

Channel DependentScheduling

• Channel stateinformation isused

• Throughput,spectral efficiency increased

• Combined withDCA and OFDMA 

IPv6 Support

• 4G – completely packet switched

• Increases the no.of IP addresses,no need for NAT

• Unique address

for each device

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Medical information transferred through audiovisualmedia

Consulting, remote medical procedures/examinations

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High capacity wireless system required (4G)  Ability to see the internal layout of a building

 VirtualNavigation

GIS

GPSHighBW 

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• Lower price points

• More coordination among spectrum regulatorsaround the world

• More academic research

• Standardization of wireless networks -modulationtechniques, switching schemes and roaming

• Integration across different network topologies

• Non-disruptive implementation

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4G - still at research stage

Significant potential over 3G

Significantly higher BW and data rates

Will revolutionize mobile telephony experience Applications beneficial to both individual as well

as society

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http://www.four-g.net

http://www.comlab.hut.fi/opetus/333/2004_2005_slides/4G_text.pdf 

Suk Yu Hui; Kai Hau Yeung, Challenges in themigration to 4G mobile systems, CommunicationsMagazine, IEEE , Volume: 41 , Issue: 12, Dec. 2003,Pages:54 - 59.

http://www.safecomprogram.gov/NR/rdonlyres/3CBCEA82-9C05-4CF5-B8E7-DBBA0DC6199E/0/4GApplications_Services.pdf 

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