4G wireless system-mj

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WIRELESS SYSTEMS PRESENTED BY M.MANOJ

description

4G wireless system

Transcript of 4G wireless system-mj

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WIRELESS SYSTEMS

PRESENTED BYM.MANOJ

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•4G is the short name for fourth-generation wireless, the stage of mobile communications that will enable things like IP-based voice, data, gaming services and high quality streamed multimedia on portable devices with cable modem-like transmission speeds.

4G wireless: One View

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HISTORY

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1G WIRELESS SYSTEM 2G WIRELESS SYSTEMS

MODELS OF WIRELESS SYSTEM

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3G WIRELESS SYSTEM 4G WIRELESS SYSTEM

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ABOUT 4G WIRELESS SYSTEM

4G is the fourth generation wireless network communications technology Standard.

This new generation of wireless is intended to complement and replace the 3G systems.

The 4G infrastructures will consist of a set of various networks using IP (Internet protocol) as a common protocol.

Application adaptability and being highly dynamic are the main features of 4G services.

The 4G systems will interoperate with 2G and 3G systems, as well as with digital (broadband) broadcasting systems.

In addition, 4G systems will be fully IP-based wireless Internet.

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1.Technologies That comprise 4G 4G is based entirely on packet switched networks. Standards such as 3G and Bluetooth will be incorporated in to the 4G standards.

2.Need for 4GFirstly 3G’s maximum data transfer rate of 384 Kbps to 2mbps is much slower than 20 to 100 Mbps of 4G.With its use of existing technologies and communication standards, 4G present a comparably inexpensive standard.4G will utilize most of the existing wireless communication infrastructure.

3.Specifications of 4G 4G can provide a 10 times increase in data transfer over 3G. This speed can be achieved through Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM).

OFDM can not only transfer data at speed of more than 100 Mbps, but it can also eliminate interference that impairs high speed signals.

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4.The potential applications of 4G 4G will provide for a vast number of presently non-existent applications for mobile devices.

4G devices will differ from present day mobile devices in that there will be navigation menus.

4G will provide a seamless network for users who travel and require uninterrupted voice/data connections.

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COMPARING KEY PARAMETERS OF 4G WITH 3G 3G 4G

Major Requirement Driving Architecture

Predominantly voice driven-data was always add on

Converged data and voice over IP

Network architecture Wide area cell based Hybrid –integration of wireless LAN and wide area

Speed 384 Kbps to 2 Mbps 20 to 100 Mbps in mobile mode

Frequency Band 1800-2400 MHz Higher frequency bands (2-8 GHz)

Switching Design Basis Circuit and Packet All digital with packetized voice

Access Technologies W-CDMA, OFDM and MC-CDMA (Multi Carrier CDMA)

Component Design Optimized antenna design, multi-band adapters 

Smarter Antennas, software multilane and wideband radios

IP  A number of air link protocols, including IP 5.0 

All IP (IP6.0)

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4G NETWORK ARCHITECTURE

The number of access networks in public, private business and home areas is increasing.

Service providers will need access to specific network characteristics to be able to enhance their services, and may have certain requirements such as minimum delay guarantees.

Another aspect is that the user needs to control the usage of the available networks, especially when this usage comes with a price.

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Business model of 4G Network The current model assumes there are relationships between the end user, the service provider, and the network operator. In the 4G , the number of access networks and the number of network operators will increase rapidly.

Both the end user and the service provider do not want to be bothered with the peculiarities of these networks.

This asks for a service centric approach where the end user, the service provider and network operator are loosely coupled through a Service Support role.

Two main responsibilities of Service Support are Service aggregation and Network integration .

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Service aggregation (SA) enables service provisioning to end users. whereas network

integration (NI) ensures that this can be realized regardless of the network the end user is connected to.

The end user benefits from being able to access his/her subscribed services anywhere and anytime.

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ISSUES REGARDING IMPLEMENTING 4G WIRELESS NETWORKS

•Access •Handoff•Location Coordination•Resource coordination to add new users•Support for quality of service•Wireless securities and authentication•Network failure and backup•Pricing and billing

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WIRELESS TECHNOLOGIES USED IN 4G

A. OFDM (ORTHOGONAL FREQUENCY DIVISION MULTEPLEXING)

B. UWB (ULTRA WIDE BAND) C. MILLIMETER WIRELESSD. SMART ANTENNASE. LONG TERM POWER PREDICTIONF. SCHEDULING AMONG USERSG. ADAPTIVE MODULATION AND POWER

CONTROL

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Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing

Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) provides clear advantages for physical layer performance, but also a framework for improving layer 2 performance by proposing an additional degree of free- domain.

In ODFM, it is possible to exploit the time domain, the space domain, the frequency domain and even the code domain to optimize radio channel usage.

It ensures very robust transmission in multi-path environments with reduced receiver complexity.

OFDM also provides a frequency diversity gain, improving the physical layer performance .

It is also compatible with other enhancement Technologies, such as smart antennas and MIMO.

OFDM modulation can also be employed as a multiple access technology (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access; OFDMA).

In this case, each OFDM symbol can transmit information to/from several users using a different set of sub carriers (sub channels).

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OFDM MODULATION SCHEME

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Smart Antennas Switched Beam

Antennas Adaptive Array

Antennas Smart antennas can : Optimize available

power Increase base station

range and coverage Reuse available

spectrum Increase bandwidth Lengthen battery life

of wireless devices

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Millimeter Wireless

In a 4G system, millimeter wireless would constitute only one of several frequency bands, with the 5GHz band most likely dominant.

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Scheduling among Users

To optimize the system throughput, under specified QoS requirements and delay constraints, scheduling will be used on different levels: a)Among sectors:

b) Among users:

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Adaptive modulation and power control

In a fading environment and for a highly loaded system there will almost exist users with good channel conditions.

The modulation format for the scheduled user is selected according to the predicted signal to noise and interference ratio.

By using sufficiently small time-frequency bins the channel can be made approximately constant within bins.

For every timeslot, the time-frequency bins in the grid represent separate channels.

For such channels the optimum rate and power allocation for maximizing the throughput can be calculated under a total average power constraint.

The optimum strategy is to let one user, the one with best channel, transmit in each of the parallel channels.

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4G Software

Software define radio Packet layer Packets

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Software Defined Radio

A software defined radio is one that can be configured to any radio or frequency standard through the use of software.

A software defined radio in the context of 4G would be able to work on different broadband networks and would be able to transfer to another network seamlessly while traveling outside of the user’s home network.

A software defined radio’s best advantage is its great flexibility to be programmed for emerging wireless standards. It can be dynamically updated with new software without any changes in hardware and infrastructure.

software could just download interface automatically .

This is the job of the packet layer, which will split the data into small “packets.”

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Packet Layer The packet layer is a layer of abstraction that

separates the data being transmitted from the way that it is being transmitted.

The Internet relies on packets to move files, pictures, video, and other information over the same hardware.

Without a packet layer, there would need to be a separate connection on each computer for each type of information and a separate network with separate routing equipment to move that information around.

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pAcKET

Advatages of packet layer:-

*Packets are a proven method to transfer information.

*A predictable algorithm does not split packets .

*The data in packets can be encrypted using conventional data encryption methods.

*There is no simple way to reconstruct data from packets without being the intended recipient.

*More Flexible

*More Reliable

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ADVANTAGES OF 4G Support for interactive multimedia, voice, streaming video, Internet, and other

broadband services.

IP based mobile system.

High speed, high capacity, and low cost-per-bit

Global access, service portability, and scalable mobile services Seamless switching, and a variety of Quality of Service-driven services

Better scheduling and call-admission-control techniques

Ad-hoc and multi-hop networks

Better spectral efficiency Seamless network of multiple protocols and air interfaces.

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DISADVANTAGES

Expensive.

Battery uses are more.

Hard to implement

Need complicated hardware.

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APPLICATIONS OF 4G

• 4G Car• 4G and public safety• Sensors in public vehicle• Cameras in traffic light• First responder route selection• Traffic control during disasters

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TRAFFIC CONTROL DURING DISASTER

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FUTURE

There are some good reasons for 4G development and a variety of current and evolving technologies to make 4G a reality.

Both service providers and users want to reduce the cost of wireless systems and the cost of wireless services.

Lesser the expensive of the system, the more people who will want to own it.

4G's flexibility will allow the integration of several different LAN and WAN technologies.

Finally, the 4G wireless system would truly go into a "one size fits all" category, having a feature set that meets the needs of just about everyone.

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CONCLUSION

All totally the best way to help all users is to use 4G as the next wireless system and in totally it is safety and secure for public, this the need that demands the solution.

Today’s wired society is going wireless and if it has problem, 4G is answer.

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Thank you