3d printing in higher education
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3d printing in higher education
NERCOMP 2015
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1. Technology overview
2. Uses in education
a/k/a overview and big picture
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Ground rules for today• Please ask questions. We forbid
embarrassment.• We are assuming a baseline
awareness of being new to 3d printing.• Please contribute thoughts. This is a
rapidly developing field!• Tweet away at #NercompPDO3
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I. THE TECHNOLOGY
Wikipedia definition:3D printing (or additive manufacturing, AM) is any of various processes used to make a three-dimensional object. In 3D printing, additive processes are used, in which successive layers of material are laid down under computer control.
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I. THE TECHNOLOGY
Industry definition:3D printing or additive manufacturing is a process of making three dimensional solid objects from a digital file. The creation of a 3D printed object is achieved using additive processes. In an additive process an object is created by laying down successive layers of material until the entire object is created.
http://3dprinting.com/what-is-3d-printing/
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I. THE TECHNOLOGY
Several types:• Additive (layers) (also material jetting)• Powder bed fusion (“An additive manufacturing process
in which thermal energy selectively fuses regions of a powder bed”)
• Binder jetting (“An additive manufacturing process in which a liquid bonding agent is selectively deposited to join powder materials.”)
• Sheet lamination (“An additive manufacturing process in which sheets of material are bonded to form an object”)
Quotes from the ASTM International Committee F42 on Additive Manufacturing Technologies
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I. THE TECHNOLOGY
Several types:• Subtractive (block)• Selective laser sintering and melting• Stereolithography• Extrusion http://the3doodler.com/• Continuous liquid interface production (
http://www.popularmechanics.com/technology/a14586/carbon3d-3d-printer-resin/)
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Parts
The printing materials:• Plastic• Filaments• Metals and alloys• Powders• Concrete• Photopolymer resin (stereolithography)
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PartsMore printing materials:• Paper based, Mcor IRIS, http
://mcortechnologies.com/school-art-institute-chicago-discovers-power-versatility-affordable-full-color-paper-based-3d-printing/
• Cloth (Disney: http://thenextdigit.com/20306/disney-develops-printer-creates-soft-interactive-objects-fabrics/) (High fashion: http://www.popsci.com/sxsw-2015-3d-printed-fashion-activated-body)
• Food (Sugar: http://the-sugar-lab.com/ChefJet) (Cornell: http://creativemachines.cornell.edu/sites/default/files/SFF09_Cohen1_0.pdf)
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Parts
Software• Controller or client program• CAD programs• 3D authoring and editing (Sketchup, Maya)• Pre-existing files (Shapeways, Sketchup 3D
Warehouse, Thingiverse, http://nasa3d.arc.nasa.gov/) (.stl)
• G-code to translate file into printing (http://slic3r.org/)
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Parts
Scanner
http://www.technologyreview.com/news/535596/high-resolution-3-d-scans-built-from-drone-photos/
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Printer examples
https://www.flickr.com/photos/tbuser/4856161776/
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Printer examples
Afinia-filament based
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Printer examples
Mcor IRIS, Paper based, http://mcortechnologies.com/school-art-institute-chicago-discovers-power-versatility-affordable-full-color-paper-based-3d-printing/
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Printer examples
RepRap• Open
source hardware
• Can serve as a recycler
• (http://reprap.org/)
https://www.flickr.com/photos/watsdesign/17280506475/
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A growing technology
• Replacement body parts, “bioprinting” (Yale: http://news.yale.edu/2014/12/03/yale-joins-leader-3d-organ-printing-transform-transplants)
• Food• LEDs (Princeton:
http://www.technologyreview.com/news/532816/3-d-printing-bio-electronic-parts/)
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A growing technology
• Aircraft parts (http://www.bbc.com/news/technology-32597809) • Building components• Entire buildings
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A growing technology
https://www.flickr.com/photos/nasamarshall/15628687807/
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A growing technology
Challenges and issues:• Intellectual property• Economic impact (slow down trade?)• Ecological impact• Backlash (ex: guns)• New era of individual customization +
creativity
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II. 3d in higher education
https://www.flickr.com/photos/cogdog/7729488378/
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Reasons to do 3d
visualization• teaching• also research
and creative work
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:3D_printed_Spinosaurus_skulls.jpg
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Reasons to do 3d
making stuff• Prototyping• Design thinking• Sheer creativity• https://
www.youtube.com/watch?v=w2MSXho_KlU
Save $$ in object purchasing and replacement
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Which academic fields?
• Classical studies and archaeology• History (ex: http://
digital.vpr.net/post/students-recreate-historic-buildings-3d-printers)
• Creative arts (i.e., fashion, studio art, theater)
• Engineering• Robotics
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Which academic fields?
• Math• Geography and geology• Life sciences, allied health fields• Media studies ("critical making")• Business (study impact; new
opportunities)
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Strategic questions
• What type of institution? (research vs engineering vs CC vs LAC)• Which disciplines show interest?• Is interest aimed at research or
teaching?• Will you partner with off-campus
interest and/or support?
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Campus sites
• Library• Makerspace (Abilene Christian
University, http://go.nmc.org/rema) • 3d lab• Professor’s office
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Campus sites
• Departmental office• Multiple sites (Northeastern:
https://soundcloud.com/educause/cni-podcast-patrick-yott-on-3d-printing-services-at-northeastern-university-libraries) • Other…?
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Operational questions
•Who owns the printing ecosystem?•Do you charge users?
(intra-preneurial possibility)
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Suggestions
•Outsource printing first•Print playful objects•Have objects to show
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Acknowledgements
• Fred Hagemeister, University of Richmond• Debby Kurti, Table Top Inventing• James P Mclean, George Mason
University• Jane Livingston, Yale University
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