2553 la786 week 3 class (1 july 2010) slideshow

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1Thursday, 24 June 2010

เทคนิคการเปรียบเทียบกฎหมาย


an introduction

ข้อควรพิจารณาในการเปรียบเทียบระบบศาล

ข้อควรพิจารณาเกี่ยวกับกฎหมายปกครอง


an introduction


Peter de Cruz, "Techniques of comparative law", in Comparative law in a changing world (London, 2007), pp. 219-249.


•major pitfalls & perils

•quest for methodology

•methods


• linguistic & terminological problems

• cultural differences

• objects of study

• comparability

• legal pattern

• bias

• exclusion & ignorance

major pitfalls & perils


linguistic & terminological

problems


cultural differences between legal systems


arbitrary selection of objects of study


comparability in comparison


viability of theory of a common legal pattern


imposition of one’s own legal conceptions


the four ‘law jobs’

•social control

•conflict resolution

•adaptation & social change

•norm enforcement


omission of extra-legal factors


the quest for methodology

• general character of comparative law

• subject matter

• macro v micro

• suitability of topics

• comparative method requirements

• test of functionality


clarifying the general character of

comparative law


the subject matter of the comparison


macro-comparison & micro-comparison


comparative method: requirements


the test of functionality


comparative legal methods

•Kamba’s three-stage approach

•a blueprint


Kamba’s three-stage-approach


•the descriptive phase

•the identification phase

•the explanatory phase


• norms

• concepts

• institutions

• socio-economic problems

• legal problems

• legal solutions

the descriptive phase


the identification phase

•differences

• similarities


the explanatory phase

• resemblances

•dissimilarities


“no one single method applicable”


a blueprint


1. Identify the problem.

2. Identify the foreign jurisdiction & its parent legal family.

3. Decide the primary sources of law & materials.

4. Gather & assemble the material relevant to the jurisdiction being examined.

5. Organise the material.

6. Provisinally map out the possible answers to the problem.

7. Critically analyse the legal principles.

8. Set out conclusions within the comparative framework with caveats & with critical commentary.


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ข้อควรพิจารณาในการเปรียบเทียบระบบศาล


• comparative law in courts

• comparative law & legislator

• comparativism & the verdict

• case law in non-common law jurisdictions

• styles of judicial decision

• overriding general principles


comparative law in courts


•a tool of interpretation

•a tool of law reform


sovereigntyv

“uniformity of outcome”


“comparison illuminate our understanding”


“The discipline of comparative does not aim at a poll of solutions adopted in different countries. It has the different and inestimable value of sharpening our focus on the weight of competing consideration.”


functional use of foreign law

• a tool of interpretation

• to look for solutions

• to promote a change

• to fill in a gap

• to discard an unsatisfactory solution


the three phases

•discovering: what is found

•understanding: what is to be used

•applying: how far


certain practical considerations

• language skills

• national insularity or pride: rule of proof; common law as a whole

• pressures: time & volume of work

• budget


“[A]ll judges cannot be expected to be

comparatists, but it is their duty to consult those who are in a

position to supply the information needed ...”


“[It] cannot be right to attempt to construe

‘acquiesced’ by reference only to its possible meaning at

common law or equity.”


comparative law & legislator


•a tool of interpretation

•a tool of law reform


justification of comparativism &

the verdict


the authority of case law in non-common law

jurisdictions


interpreters v

law makers


lower courtsv

superior courts


styles of judicial decision


•English

•French

•German

•Swedish

•American


the relevance of overriding general

principles


• aequitas

• bona fides/good faith

• good morals and public order

• custom


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ข้อควรพิจารณาเกี่ยวกับกฎหมายปกครอง


Administrative law?

The subjects?

Power allocation?

The procedure?

The instutions?

The judicial control?

Liability?


What is administrative law?


What are the subjects of administrative law?


the allocation of powers


administrative procedure


institutions providing legal redress


the judicial control of power


liability of the administration


conclusion


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2553 la786 week 3 class (1 july 2010) slideshow

Education

Transcript of 2553 la786 week 3 class (1 july 2010) slideshow