215308085 Final Outline Psychiatric Nursing
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FUNDAMENTAL CONCEPTS MENTAL HEALTH – Is a state of e motional, psychol ogical, and social wellness evidenced by: Satisfying interpersonal relationships Effective behavior and coping Positive self-concept Emotional stability Self-awareness Factors Affectin g Mental Health: “MRS MATS” • Mastering the Environment • Reality orientation • Stress Management • Maximizing One’s Potential • Autonomy and Independence • Tolerating One’s Uncertainties • Self-esteem STRESS • is any biopsychosocial (external or internal) experiences that one views as demanding, challenging, an d threatening; • Also char as: – It is recurring. – It is normal. – It cannot be avoided. – It is caused by a stressor. STRESSOR – is any condition, event, or agent that inc reases the activity of the Sympathetic NS; – Stress A daptation Syndrome (SAS) GAS “A R E” 1. Stage I – ALARM – Activation of the SNS (or the Fight-or-Flight Response) – Increase epinephrine, NE, and cortisol. – Client is alert with increase anxiety. 2. Stage II – RESISTANCE – Hormone readjustment; – Decrease in size and activity of the adrenal cortex; – Increase use of defense mechanism; 1. Stage III – EXHAUSTION • Loss of ability to stop stress; • Exaggerated defense-oriented behavior; • Disorganized thinking and personality; • May show signs of illusion, hallucination and delusions; • Client may be stuporous or violent (PANIC) • GRIEF – is a powerful emotional reaction to a separation or loss from something that is/are very valuable; – is SELF-LIMITING; – Stages of Death and Dying (Kubler-Ross) “DABDA” a. Denial b. Anger c. Bargaining d. Depression e. Acceptance DENIAL – “She’s not dead! She’s still alive!” ANGER – “You’re the reason she’s dead!!!” BARGAINING – “God, take me.. Spare her…” DEPRESSION – “I’m not hungry, I just want to be alone.” ACCEPTANCE – “At least she no longer have to suffer.” – “He is in the presence of our Creator.”
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