2.0 Blood Circulation

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SCIENCE FORM THREE

2.0 BLOOD CIRCULATION AND TRANSPORT.

2.1 Understanding the transport system in humans

2.2 Analyzing the human blood.

2.3 Analyzing the transport system in plants

LESSON OUTLINE A LESSON PLAN OUTLINE A

LESSON OUTLINE B TEACHERS NOTES

LESSON OUTLINE C STUDENTS NOTES

TASK DESIGN TASK DESIGN ANSWER

2.1.1 Structure and function of the heart.

2.1.2 Blood Circulation System.

2.1.3 Types Of Blood Vessels.

2.1.3 Exercise


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ITS ABOUT OUR

HEART


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LOCATION FUNCTION

PROPERTIES SHAPE

Heart lies

in the

thorax behind

the chest

bone andbetween

lungs

Conical

shape

Divided

into

four

chambers

Main function

is to pump

blood

throughout

the whole

body

Heart is

the mostimportant

organ in a

human

body.

HEART


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THE STRUCTURE OF HEART

Pulmonary Vein


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Aorta

Carry the oxygenated blood away from

the heart (except pulmonary artery)

to all parts of the body (except the

lungs).Left Atrium/Left Auricle

Pumps blood into the left ventricle

Pulmonary Vein

Carries the oxygenated blood from

lungs to the left atriumMitral Valve/ Bicuspid Valve

Pumps one way flow of blood from leftatrium to left ventricle. Prevent the

backflow of blood.Left Ventricle

Pumps blood round the whole body

LEFT SIDE

Pulmonary Vein


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RIGHT SIDE Vena CavaCarry the deoxygenated blood from the

upper parts and other parts of the

body (except the lungs) towards the

heart (except pulmonary veins).Right Atrium/Right Auricle

Pumps blood into the right ventricle.

Pulmonary ArteryCarries the deoxygenated blood to the

lungs.Tricuspid Valve

Pumps one way flow of blood from

right atrium to right ventricle. Prevent

the backflow of blood.Right Ventricle

Pumps blood only to the lungs.


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From the lungs, theoxygenated bloodenters the leftatrium through thepulmonary vein.

Bicuspid valve opensand bloodenters the left

ventricle.Bicuspid valve nowcloses to prevent thebackflow of blood.

Blood enters the

aorta and istransported toall parts of thebody (except thelungs).

BLOOD CIRCULATION SYSTEM

Receive deoxygenatedblood from all partsof the body byvena cava to the right

atrium.

Tricuspid valve openand deoxygenatedblood enters to theright ventricle.

Tricuspid valve closesto prevent thebackflow of bloodinto atrium.

Blood enters thepulmonary artery and

carries thedeoxygenated bloodto the lungs.

start click


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TYPES OF BLOOD VESSEL

ARTERY VEIN CAPILLARY


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ARTERY

Lumen

Structure of wall Thick, muscular and elastic wall towithstand the high pressure.

Direction of blood flow Away from the heart

Blood pressure High

Rate of blood flow Rapid and irregular

Presence of valve No

Type of blood

carried

Oxygenated (except for the pulmonaryartery)

Narrow


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VEIN

Lumen Fairly wide

Structure of wall Relatively thin wall, not as elastic and

Muscular as that of arteries.

Direction of blood flow Towards the heart

Blood pressure Low

Rate of blood flow Slow and regular

Presence of valve Yes

Type of blood

Carried

Deoxygenated (except for the pulmonaryvein).


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CAPILLARY

Lumen Very narrow

Structure of wall Wall is only one-celled thick with gaps inbetween allowing the exchange of

materials with the surrounding tissue.

Direction of blood flow From the artery to the vein

Blood pressure Very low

Rate of blood flow Very slow

Presence of valve No

Type of blood

Carried

Oxygenated blood to the tissues

Deoxygenated blood from the tissues.


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Exercise

1. Label the diagram below

Left Ventricle

Semi lunar Valve

Bicuspid valve

Right Atrium

Tricuspid Valve

Right Ventricle

Septum

Left Atrium

Septum Vena Cava

Aorta

Vena Cava

Aorta

Left Ventricle

Semi Lunar Valve

Right Atrium

Tricuspid Valve Bicuspid valve Left Atrium

Right Ventricle

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Click to know the answer


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2. Choose (T) for TRUE statement and (F) FALSE statement in the box

provided.

a). The heart lies in the thorax behind the chest

bone and between the lungs. T F

b). The heart is divided into six chambers. T F

c). Pulse rate is caused by heart beat.

d). Pulmonary artery carries oxygenated blood

from right ventricle to the lung.

e). The valve prevent the backflow of blood.

f). The tricuspid valve found between the right

atrium and the right ventricle. .

g). The right ventricle is thicker than the left

ventricle.

T F

T F

T F

T F

T F

CHECK ANSWER


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2. Choose (T) for TRUE statement and (F) FALSE statement in the box

provided.

a). The heart lies in the thorax behind the chest

bone and between the lungs. T F

b). The heart is divided into six chambers. T F

c). Pulse rate is caused by heart beat.

d). Pulmonary artery carries oxygenated blood

from right ventricle to the lung.

e). The valve prevent the backflow of blood.

f). The tricuspid valve found between the right

atrium and the right ventricle. .

g). The right ventricle is thicker than the left

ventricle.

T F

T F

T F

T F

T F

*Click to know the answer


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HUMAN BLOOD


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Blood is the fluid of life.Blood is the fluid of life.

Blood carries oxygen, which it picks up in the lungs andBlood carries oxygen, which it picks up in the lungs and

distributes it to all body parts and transporting carbon dioxidedistributes it to all body parts and transporting carbon dioxidefrom body tissue to the lungs.from body tissue to the lungs.

Poor blood circulation can cause insufficient supplyPoor blood circulation can cause insufficient supply

of nutrients and oxygen to the cells in our body leading toof nutrients and oxygen to the cells in our body leading to

deterioration of body functions and health.deterioration of body functions and health.

Blood is the fluid of growth.Blood is the fluid of growth.

Blood supplied food and water .Blood supplied food and water .Blood also contains all of the food substances and chemicals needed by the cell.Blood also contains all of the food substances and chemicals needed by the cell.Blood transporting nourishment from digestion and hormones from glands throughoutBlood transporting nourishment from digestion and hormones from glands throughoutthe body.the body.

Blood is the fluid of health.Blood is the fluid of health.

Blood is warm and works like liquid in the central heating system.Blood is warm and works like liquid in the central heating system.

Blood absorbs warmth from busy parts such as the heart and muscles and spreads itBlood absorbs warmth from busy parts such as the heart and muscles and spreads it

out to the cooler parts like the skin.out to the cooler parts like the skin.Blood also transporting disease fighting substances to the tissue and waste to theBlood also transporting disease fighting substances to the tissue and waste to thekidneys.kidneys.

A FEW FACTS OF HUMAN BLOODA FEW FACTS OF HUMAN BLOOD


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Plasma -55%

blood cell -45%

THE HUMAN BLOOD

Blood is alive because it contains living cells. An average adult

has about five liters of blood living inside of their body.


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THE HUMAN BLOOD

White blood cellRed blood cell

PlasmaPlatelet

BLOOD VESSEL


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Plasma

a) Pale yellowish liquid which constitutes about

55% by volume of whole blood.

b) Made up of 90% of water.

c) The other 10% of plasma are substancessuch as hormones, dissolved mineral salts,food substances like glucose, excretoryproducts like urea and soluble proteins likeprothrombin and fibrinogen.

d) Transports hormones, digested foodsubstances, heat and excretory productssuch as carbon dioxide (function)


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Red blood cell

a) has no nucleus, hence they are circular andbiconvace in shape

b) contains haemoglobin

c) has a small diameter of less than 0.01 mm,hence this enable them to squeeze through

capillaries

d) has a life span of about three to four monthse) is produced by the bone narrow

f) transport oxygen


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White blood cellsa) colorless and contains a nucleus

b) larger than the red blood cell but much fewer innumber

c) irregular in shape

d) able to move and change its shape

e) protects the body by destroying bacteria and byreleasing antibodies

Platelet

a) fragments of cytoplasm from certain bone marrow cells.

b) a life span of about four days

c) plays a part in blood clotting


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Blood GroupEverybodys blood is not the same.

Blood group Antigen

(Special proteins on the

surface of red bloodcells)

Antibody

A A Anti-b

B B Anti-a

AB A and B None

O None Anti-a and Anti-b

Blood group Can donate to Can receive from

A A and AB A and O

B B and AB B and O

AB

(Universalacceptors)

AB A,B,AB and O

O

(Universal Donor)

A,B,AB and O O

Blood Donor


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Component ofblood

Structure Production Life Span Function

PlasmaYellow fluid

-90% of water

-10% of othersubstance

_ _

Transportshormones,digested foodsubstances,heat andexcretoryproducts e.g.CO2

Red Blood Cells Circular andbiconcave inshape, lacksnucleus

By the bonemarrow

About 3-4months

Transportsoxygen

White BloodCells Irregular in

shape, containsa nucleus

By the bonemarrow Ranging from 2

days 6 months

Protects thebody by

destroyingbacteria & byreleasingantibodies

Platelets Smallfragments,lacks nucleus

By the bonemarrow

About 4 days Plays a part inblood clotting

HUMAN BLOOD


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1. Which of the following is false? White blood cells Red blood cells

A. Irregular in shape Biconcave in shape

B. Does not contain hemoglobin Contains hemoglobin

C. Large in size Small in size

D. Does not contain nucleus Contains nucleus

2. A person with blood group O can donate blood to a person withblood group

A. A only

B. B onlyC. A and AB

D. A, B and AB

X Can produce antibodies

Y Are fragment of the cytoplasmfrom certain bone marrow cells

3. X and Y are two substances present in blood.

Which of the following may represent X and Y?

X Y

A. Red blood cells White blood cells

B. White blood cells Platelets

C. Platelets Plasma

D. Plasma Platelets


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4. People of which blood group are called universal donors?

A. O

B. A

C. BD. AB

5. Which of these pairs is incorrect blood component and

characteristics?

Component CharacteristicsA. White blood cell Has nucleus

B. Red blood cell Is produced by the bone narrow

C. Platelet Produces antibodies

D. Plasma Makes up about 55% of the

whole blood


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Part BAnswer the following question

I. Choose a word from the list on the right and match the statement on the left.

1. Transport oxygen. PLASMA

2. Consists of blood cells,plasma and platelet.

RED BLOOD CELL

3. Life span about four days. WHITE BLOOD CELL

4. Irregular in shape andcontains a nucleus.

PLATELETS

5. Yellow fluid containing

90% water and 10% othersubstances.

BLOOD COMPONENTS

II. Name and state the function of each cell below.

Diagram Name Function

Red blood cells

White blood cells

Platelets

Transport oxygen

Protect the body by

destroying bacteria

and releasing antibodies.

Plays a part in

blood clotting.


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Group members

BUSHRA BT SHARIFSMK BANDAR TUN RAZAK

JAMALIAH BT KAMISANSMK BANDAR TUN RAZAK

ROSLINA BT HASIMSMK BANDAR TUN RAZAK

SITI NORA BT SULAIMANSMK CHANIS

HUZAINI BT HIRAZAKISMK SELANCAR

2.0 Blood Circulation

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