The following formulae may be helpful in answering the questions. The symbols given are the ones commonly used.

Rumus-rumus berikut boleh membantu anda menjawab soalan. Simbol-simbol yang diberi adalah yang biasa digunakan.

ALGEBRA

1 8

2 9 Tn = a + (n – 1)d

3 a m ÷ a n = a m-n

10 Sn = [ 2a + (n – 1) d ]4 ( a m ) n = a m n

5 loga mn = loga m + loga n 11 Tn = ar

6 loga = loga m – loga n

12Sn = = , r 1

7 loga mn = n loga m 13 < 1

CALCULUS / KALKULUS

1

2

y = uv,

,

4 Area under a curveLuas di bawah lengkung

= dx or (atau)

= dy

3

5 Volume generated / Isipadu janaan

= dx or ( atau)

= dy

2

STATISTICS / STATISTIK

1=

7

2=

8 =

3= =

9 =

4= =

10

11

P(AB) = P(A) + P(B) – P(AB)

P(X = r) = , p + q = 1

5

m = L + C

12

13

Mean / Min , µ = np

=

6 I = 100

14Z =

GEOMETRY / GEOMETRI

1 Distance / Jarak=

4 Area of triangle / Luas segitiga

=

2 Midpoint / Titik tengah

(x, y) =

5

6

3 A point dividing a segment of a line Titik yang membahagi suatu tembereng garis

(x, y) =

3

TRIGONOMETRY / TRIGONOMETRI

1 Arc length, s = r

Panjang lengkok, s = j

8 sin (A B) = sin A cos B cos A sin B

sin (A B) = sin A kos B kos A sin B

2 Area of sector, A =

Luas sektor, L =

9 cos (A B) = cos A cos B sin A sin B

kos (A B) = kos A kos B sin A sin B

3 sin A + cos A =1sin A + kos A =1

10 tan (A B ) = tan A tan B 1 tan A tan B

4 sec A = 1 + tan A

sek A = 1 + tan A

11tan 2 A =

5 cosec A = 1 + cot A

kosek A = 1 + kot A

12

6 sin 2A = 2 sin A cos A

sin 2A = 2 sin A kos A

13 a = b + c – 2bc cos A

a = b + c – 2bc kos A

7 cos 2A = cos2 A – sin2 A = 2 cos A – 1 = 1 – 2 sin A

kos 2A = kos2 A – sin2 A = 2 kos A – 1 = 1 – 2 sin A

14 Area of triangle / Luas segitiga

= ab sin C

4