1.Go over exams (~20 minutes) 2.Discuss guest speaker (5 minutes) 3.Prairie/savanna restoration...

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1.Go over exams (~20 minutes) 2.Discuss guest speaker (5 minutes) 3.Prairie/savanna restoration 4.Wednesday – guest speaker, and we will discuss logistics for next two field trips; next week discuss brief article critique assignments

Transcript of 1.Go over exams (~20 minutes) 2.Discuss guest speaker (5 minutes) 3.Prairie/savanna restoration...

Page 1: 1.Go over exams (~20 minutes) 2.Discuss guest speaker (5 minutes) 3.Prairie/savanna restoration 4.Wednesday – guest speaker, and we will discuss logistics.

1.Go over exams (~20 minutes)

2.Discuss guest speaker (5 minutes)

3.Prairie/savanna restoration

4.Wednesday – guest speaker, and we will discuss logistics for next two field trips; next week discuss brief article critique assignments

Page 2: 1.Go over exams (~20 minutes) 2.Discuss guest speaker (5 minutes) 3.Prairie/savanna restoration 4.Wednesday – guest speaker, and we will discuss logistics.

80

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180

200

Mean = 85%

Page 3: 1.Go over exams (~20 minutes) 2.Discuss guest speaker (5 minutes) 3.Prairie/savanna restoration 4.Wednesday – guest speaker, and we will discuss logistics.
Page 4: 1.Go over exams (~20 minutes) 2.Discuss guest speaker (5 minutes) 3.Prairie/savanna restoration 4.Wednesday – guest speaker, and we will discuss logistics.
Page 5: 1.Go over exams (~20 minutes) 2.Discuss guest speaker (5 minutes) 3.Prairie/savanna restoration 4.Wednesday – guest speaker, and we will discuss logistics.
Page 6: 1.Go over exams (~20 minutes) 2.Discuss guest speaker (5 minutes) 3.Prairie/savanna restoration 4.Wednesday – guest speaker, and we will discuss logistics.
Page 7: 1.Go over exams (~20 minutes) 2.Discuss guest speaker (5 minutes) 3.Prairie/savanna restoration 4.Wednesday – guest speaker, and we will discuss logistics.
Page 8: 1.Go over exams (~20 minutes) 2.Discuss guest speaker (5 minutes) 3.Prairie/savanna restoration 4.Wednesday – guest speaker, and we will discuss logistics.
Page 9: 1.Go over exams (~20 minutes) 2.Discuss guest speaker (5 minutes) 3.Prairie/savanna restoration 4.Wednesday – guest speaker, and we will discuss logistics.
Page 10: 1.Go over exams (~20 minutes) 2.Discuss guest speaker (5 minutes) 3.Prairie/savanna restoration 4.Wednesday – guest speaker, and we will discuss logistics.
Page 11: 1.Go over exams (~20 minutes) 2.Discuss guest speaker (5 minutes) 3.Prairie/savanna restoration 4.Wednesday – guest speaker, and we will discuss logistics.
Page 12: 1.Go over exams (~20 minutes) 2.Discuss guest speaker (5 minutes) 3.Prairie/savanna restoration 4.Wednesday – guest speaker, and we will discuss logistics.
Page 13: 1.Go over exams (~20 minutes) 2.Discuss guest speaker (5 minutes) 3.Prairie/savanna restoration 4.Wednesday – guest speaker, and we will discuss logistics.
Page 14: 1.Go over exams (~20 minutes) 2.Discuss guest speaker (5 minutes) 3.Prairie/savanna restoration 4.Wednesday – guest speaker, and we will discuss logistics.

Sandy, glacial lake plain soils

Eastern prickly pear cactus

Opuntia humifusa

Page 15: 1.Go over exams (~20 minutes) 2.Discuss guest speaker (5 minutes) 3.Prairie/savanna restoration 4.Wednesday – guest speaker, and we will discuss logistics.

Source: Ohio DNR

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Oak Savanna1

4-43 trees ha-1

black/white oak

51% land area

1 Brewer, L.G., and J.L. Vankat. 2001. The vegetation of the Oak Openings of northwestern Ohio at the time of Euro-American settlement. Map and text. Ohio Biological Survey, Columbus, Ohio.

Page 17: 1.Go over exams (~20 minutes) 2.Discuss guest speaker (5 minutes) 3.Prairie/savanna restoration 4.Wednesday – guest speaker, and we will discuss logistics.

Oak Woodland

>43 trees ha-1

black/white oak

23% land area

Page 18: 1.Go over exams (~20 minutes) 2.Discuss guest speaker (5 minutes) 3.Prairie/savanna restoration 4.Wednesday – guest speaker, and we will discuss logistics.

Wet prairie

0-1 trees ha-1

27% land area

Page 19: 1.Go over exams (~20 minutes) 2.Discuss guest speaker (5 minutes) 3.Prairie/savanna restoration 4.Wednesday – guest speaker, and we will discuss logistics.

Ecosystem Changes 1860s-Present

• Fire suppression

• Livestock Grazing

• Logging of oaks

• Drainage alterations

• Conversion to pine plantations

• Agricultural clearing, urban development

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Red maple: 600 trees ha-1 Black cherry: 80 trees ha-1

Oaks: 180 trees ha-1

(41o33'00"N, 83o52'00"W)

Page 21: 1.Go over exams (~20 minutes) 2.Discuss guest speaker (5 minutes) 3.Prairie/savanna restoration 4.Wednesday – guest speaker, and we will discuss logistics.

Red maple: 480 trees ha-1 Black cherry: 80 trees ha-1 Oaks: 0 trees ha-1

(41o33'00"N, 83o51'15"W)

Page 22: 1.Go over exams (~20 minutes) 2.Discuss guest speaker (5 minutes) 3.Prairie/savanna restoration 4.Wednesday – guest speaker, and we will discuss logistics.
Page 23: 1.Go over exams (~20 minutes) 2.Discuss guest speaker (5 minutes) 3.Prairie/savanna restoration 4.Wednesday – guest speaker, and we will discuss logistics.

Karner blue butterfly http://www.wbu.com/chipperwoods/photos/karner.htm

Page 24: 1.Go over exams (~20 minutes) 2.Discuss guest speaker (5 minutes) 3.Prairie/savanna restoration 4.Wednesday – guest speaker, and we will discuss logistics.

Purple = residential

1984-2003 land cover change

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Nuzzo, V.A. 1986. Extent and status of Midwest oak savanna: presettlement and 1985. Natural Areas Journal 6:6-36.

0.02% of original oak savanna remains

Page 26: 1.Go over exams (~20 minutes) 2.Discuss guest speaker (5 minutes) 3.Prairie/savanna restoration 4.Wednesday – guest speaker, and we will discuss logistics.
Page 27: 1.Go over exams (~20 minutes) 2.Discuss guest speaker (5 minutes) 3.Prairie/savanna restoration 4.Wednesday – guest speaker, and we will discuss logistics.
Page 28: 1.Go over exams (~20 minutes) 2.Discuss guest speaker (5 minutes) 3.Prairie/savanna restoration 4.Wednesday – guest speaker, and we will discuss logistics.
Page 29: 1.Go over exams (~20 minutes) 2.Discuss guest speaker (5 minutes) 3.Prairie/savanna restoration 4.Wednesday – guest speaker, and we will discuss logistics.

RESTORATION OBJECTIVES

Reverse trend of ecosystem decline by reestablishing historical tree structure and reintroducing approximate historical disturbance regime to the contemporary degraded ecosystems

Specifically, to reestablish oak savanna, oak woodland, and wet prairie ecosystems in areas where they historically occurred but do not presently occur

Page 30: 1.Go over exams (~20 minutes) 2.Discuss guest speaker (5 minutes) 3.Prairie/savanna restoration 4.Wednesday – guest speaker, and we will discuss logistics.

How to do this?

(a) Determine reference conditions – U.S. govt. land surveys, old trees, remnants, fire scars where possible

(b) Choose sites – potential for ER; large oaks, block drainage ditches, soil survey

(c) Prescribe treatments (fire, thinning)

Page 31: 1.Go over exams (~20 minutes) 2.Discuss guest speaker (5 minutes) 3.Prairie/savanna restoration 4.Wednesday – guest speaker, and we will discuss logistics.
Page 32: 1.Go over exams (~20 minutes) 2.Discuss guest speaker (5 minutes) 3.Prairie/savanna restoration 4.Wednesday – guest speaker, and we will discuss logistics.

Pre-treatment

September 1998

Post-treatment

July 2002(41o32'45"N, 83o51'15"W)

Page 33: 1.Go over exams (~20 minutes) 2.Discuss guest speaker (5 minutes) 3.Prairie/savanna restoration 4.Wednesday – guest speaker, and we will discuss logistics.

Pre-treatment

September 1998

Post-treatment

July 2002

(41o32'50"N, 83o51'15"W)

Page 34: 1.Go over exams (~20 minutes) 2.Discuss guest speaker (5 minutes) 3.Prairie/savanna restoration 4.Wednesday – guest speaker, and we will discuss logistics.

298 total species, 19 Ohio listed

24 restoration plots:

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Woodland Flora

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0

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1988 1990 1991 1993 1997 1998 1999 2000 2002

Year

% o

f m

axi

mu

m PTEAQUSPPRICHQUEDENSAPDEN

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1192

607

7630 47

19420973

0

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1000

1500

2000

2500

Restorationsavanna

Restorationwoodland

Restorationmesic prairie

Control oakforest

Control mesicprairie

Treatment and community

Tre

es

/ha

Non-oak

Oak

** *

* *

* Denotes significant difference at P< 0.05 (paired t-test)

Error bars represent 1 standard deviation

Post-treatment (2002)

Page 38: 1.Go over exams (~20 minutes) 2.Discuss guest speaker (5 minutes) 3.Prairie/savanna restoration 4.Wednesday – guest speaker, and we will discuss logistics.

Restoration increases native species richness

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Meadowsweet

Restoration Wet Prairie

Wild lupine

Restoration Savanna

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It’s not all rosy,

• Exotic species not always, but often, problems

• Fire timing not consistent with reference

• Unclear if missing certain species

• Small sizes

• Success of Karner blue reintroduction

• Use of land?

Page 41: 1.Go over exams (~20 minutes) 2.Discuss guest speaker (5 minutes) 3.Prairie/savanna restoration 4.Wednesday – guest speaker, and we will discuss logistics.
Page 42: 1.Go over exams (~20 minutes) 2.Discuss guest speaker (5 minutes) 3.Prairie/savanna restoration 4.Wednesday – guest speaker, and we will discuss logistics.

Puccoon Columbine Aster

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Species richness

(mean 1 SD)

Lawn Native Plant Area

1.3 0.6 9.7 2.1

t = 9.4; P < 0.01

Page 44: 1.Go over exams (~20 minutes) 2.Discuss guest speaker (5 minutes) 3.Prairie/savanna restoration 4.Wednesday – guest speaker, and we will discuss logistics.
Page 45: 1.Go over exams (~20 minutes) 2.Discuss guest speaker (5 minutes) 3.Prairie/savanna restoration 4.Wednesday – guest speaker, and we will discuss logistics.