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Prepared by / Ahmed Mahfouz Marzouk

Presented to/ Dr. Amr Safwat

EENG 541 Project:180°-Hybrid

Coupler

Outline: INTRODUCTION. PROBLEM. METHODOLOGY

Wilkinson-Power-Divider based Design. Phase reversal Design using CPW Inverter Compact Folded Line Artificial Transmission Lines

Using Left-Handed Materials

CONCLUSION. REFERENCES.

The 180° hybrid is a 4 port network widely used in RF and Microwave Circuits

Applications: Balanced Mixers. Balanced Amplifiers. Power Multipliers / Dividers Antenna Feeding Networks

Introduction:

Advantages over 3-port lossless balun:In-phase and Out-of-phase power splitting while

maintaining: Port-to-Port Isolation Ports Matching

Balanced Circuits require HYBRID RINGS

Introduction:

The 180° hybrid is a 4 port network widely used in RF and Microwave Circuits

Applications[2]: Balanced Mixers. Balanced Amplifiers. Antenna Feeding Networks Power Multipliers / Dividers

Implementation:rat-race hybrid as the most popular way.

Introduction:

The 180°-Hybrid Limitations: Compactness Bandwidth

THE 270° SECTION The resulting 1.5 λ is often

large especially in MMIC app. The 270°-section has the

largest phase variation versus frequency, since the phase variation is proportional to the line length (∂ф/ ∂ω α ℓ)

PROBLEM:

Novel Hybrid derived from WILKINSON Power Divider (WPD).

Transmission Line Model of the Novel hybrid:

Methodology:[1]

The resistor replacement with a 4th port of an equal characteristic impedance

MAIN ADVANTAGE: Reduced Size compared to conventional Rat-Race Hybrid

Methodology:[1]

PHASE REVERSAL Method 270°-section replacement with a “-90°”

section. The “-90°”-section realization:

A 90° Microstrip line. A Co-Planar Waveguide phase inverter.

Methodology[2]:

Compact Folded Line Configurations: Rat-Race Configuration using folded line

geometry:

Methodology[3]:

Compact Folded Line Configurations: Rat-Race Configuration using folded line

geometry: Design Equations: (Using Even-Odd Analysis for

single C-Section Rat-Race Hybrid) :

Methodology[3]:

Compact Folded Line Configurations: Rat-Race Configuration using folded line

geomtry: Design Equations: (Using Even-Odd Analysis for

single C-Section Rat-Race Hybrid) :

Result

Methodology[3]:

Artificial Transmission Lines (ATLs) [4]: 270°-section replacement with a “-90°”

section. The “-90°”-section realization:

Left-Handed material: realizing an artificial lumped-element TL section.

Methodology:

Artificial Transmission Lines (ATLs) [4]: 270°-section replacement with a “-90°”

section. The “-90°”-section realization:

Left-Handed material: realizing an artificial lumped-element TL section.

Methodology:

Artificial Transmission Lines (ATLs) [4]: 270°-section replacement with a “-90°”

section. The “-90°”-section realization:

Left-Handed material: realizing an artificial lumped-element TL section.

Methodology:

180° hybrids are still to be optimizedRat-Race Implementation of a 180

hybrid is a challenging in PCB technology.

Problem: BW and Size especially the (3 λ /4) section.

Solutions: WPD-based Design [1] Using CPW Phase Inverter [2] ATL Section [4] Folded Line Configuration[3][5]

Conclusion:

1. Ning Yang, Caloz, C., & Ke Wu. (2010). Broadband compact 180 hybrid derived from the wilkinson divider. Microwave Theory and Techniques, IEEE Transactions on, 58(4), 1030-1037.

2. Eccleston, K. W., & Ong, S. H. M. (2003). Compact planar microstripline branch-line and rat-race couplers. Microwave Theory and Techniques, IEEE Transactions on, 51(10), 2119-2125.

3. Kongpop U-yen, Wollack, E. J., Papapolymerou, J., & Laskar, J. (2008). A broadband planar magic-T using Microstrip–Slotline transitions. Microwave Theory and Techniques, IEEE Transactions on, 56(1), 172-177.

4. Mo, T. T., Xue, Q., & Chan, C. H. (2007). A broadband compact microstrip rat-race hybrid using a novel CPW inverter. Microwave Theory and Techniques, IEEE Transactions on, 55(1), 161-167.

5. Okabe, H., Caloz, C., & Itoh, T. (2004). A compact enhanced-bandwidth hybrid ring using an artificial lumped-element left-handed transmission-line section.Microwave Theory and Techniques, IEEE Transactions on, 52(3), 798-804.

6. Chun-Hsien Lien, Chi-Hsueh Wang, Chin-Shen Lin, Pei-Si Wu, Kun-You Lin, & Huei Wang. (2009). Analysis and design of reduced-size marchand rat-race hybrid for millimeter-wave compact balanced mixers in 130-nm CMOS process. Microwave Theory and Techniques, IEEE Transactions on, 57(8), 1966-1977.

7. Settaluri, R. K., Sundberg, G., Weisshaar, A., & Tripathi, V. K. (2000). Compact folded line rat-race hybrid couplers. Microwave and Guided Wave Letters, IEEE, 10(2), 61-63.

REFERENCES

Thank YouQuestions?

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Back-up Slides.

Ning Yang, Member, IEEE, Christophe

Caloz, Fellow, IEEE, and Ke Wu,

Fellow, IEEE.

University: The École Poly-technique

de Montréal; The Polytechnical School

of Montreal.

Paper 1: Affiliation

Paper 1

Broadband Compact 180 Hybrid Derived From the Wilkinson

Divider