Warm-Up

• For a variety of reasons, artists throughout history have created works of art that depict domestic (household) space.

•

• Select and fully identify two works of art that depict domestic space. One of your choices must date prior to 1500 C.E., and one must date after 1500 C.E. Using specific visual evidence, analyze how the depiction of domestic space in each work communicates meaning.

• (30 minutes)

Baroque in

Holland

and

Flanders

Historical Context

• 1581, six northern provinces

led by William the Silent

declared their independence

from Spain

– Spain reclaims southern

Netherlands (Flanders)

• The Dutch gain

independence after the Thirty

Years’ War in 1648

• Religion is Reformed

Protestant (Calvin) and is

iconoclastic

– What 2 effects does this

produce in Holland?

Characteristics

• Meaning: Everyday life is idealized

and rosy

• Aesthetic: simple objects, real

people and vanitas arrangments

predominate. Open brush strokes,

earthen tones and warm schemes,

impasto and painterly

• Reason: Life is fleeting, focus on the

impression and the vanity of an object.

Enjoy the people and human

interaction.

• Context: Religious work is couched in

the Baroque understanding of human

experession

Peter Paul Rubens

• 1577-1640 – Born to a prominent Antwerp

Protestant who fled to Germany to escape Spanish persecution

– Converts to Catholicism

• Studies in Italy in 1600 – 8 years absorbing the

Renaissance, Caravaggio and Carracci

• Court Painter in Flanders (1608)

• Theme: The Whole Universe is a stage

Raising of the Cross, 1610

Oil on panel, 460 x 340 cm (centre panel), 460 x 150 cm (wings)

O.-L. Vrouwekathedraal, Antwerp

Marie de Medici, Queen of

France

Peter Paul Rubens

about 1622

Oil on canvas, 130 x 108 cm

Madrid, Museo del Prado

Anthony Van Dyck

• Flemish Baroque

Artist (1599-1641)

– Like most Baroque

artists, develops his

style after touring Italy

– Considered himself a

history painter

– Famous for London

Portraits of Royalty

Portrait of Charles I Hunting. ñ. 1635. Oil

on canvas.

Musee du Louvre, Paris

Rinaldo and

Armida. 1629. Oil on

canvas, 236.5 x 229 cm.

The Baltimore Museum of

Art.

Jan Bruegel the Elder

• Son of Pieter Bruegel

the Elder from the

Mannerist tradition

• Focuses on

allegorical landscapes

typical of Northern

painters

– Maintains the inverted

perspective of

Mannerist painters

• Used Oil on Copper

Allegory of Earth. 1618. Oil

on copper, 46 x 67 cm.

Musee du Louvre, Paris

Frans Snyder, Market Stall. 1614.

The Art Institute of Chicago

• Monday: Hals, Rembrandt, Vermeer – 606-609

• Tuesday: Intro to French Baroque, de La Tour and Poussin – 614-619

• Wednesday: Royal Academy, Louvre, Versailles, St. Paul – 620-625

• Thursday: Intro to Rococo, Watteau, Hogarth – 627-632

• Friday: Italian Rococo – 639-642

Weekly Breakdown

Utrecht School

• Travels to Holland from Antwerp through Rubens – From Ruben’s own

association with Carravaggio

• Strongly Catholic Utrecht prefers the lay Christian realism of Caravaggio over Carracci

• The School is responsible for preserving the style for future masters such as Hals, Rembrandt, and Vermeer

Hendrick Terbrugghen. The Calling of St.

Matthew.

1621. Oil on canvas, 101.5 x 137.2 cm.

Centraal Museum, Utrecht

Frans Hals

• Portrait painter in

Haarlem (1585-1666)

• Ruben’s robust

characters with

Caravaggio’s

dramatic moment

focus

• Twinkling eyes, open

face, crooked smiles,

or contrasting

austerity

Malle Babbe. ñ. 1650. Oil on

canvas. 75 x 63.5 cm.

Gemaldegalerie, Berlin

The Jolly Toper. 1628-30. Oil on canvas.

Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam

The Women Regents of the Old Men's Home at Haarlem. 1664. Oil on canvas, 170.3 x 249 cm.

Frans Halsmuseum, Haarlem

Rembrandt van Rijn

Rembrandt: A Summary

• Dutch Painter and Etcher, 1606-1669 – Contact with Caravaggio

through Utrecht School

– Started as a portrait painter

– Rises as large, group portrait painter

– Matures as an expressive, yet classical portrait artist with open brush work

• “A painting is not made to be sniffed.”

Rembrandt: Knowledge

Try to put well in

practice what you

already know; and in

so doing, you will in

good time, discover

the hidden things

which you now

inquire about.

Practice what you

know, and it will help

to make clear what

now you do not know.

Self Portrait with a

Cap, openmouthed,

Etching, 1630

The Anatomy Lesson of Dr. Nicolaes Tulp. 1632. Oil on Canvas, The Hague

Rembrandt van Rijn. The Blinding of

Samson. 1636. Oil on canvas, 2.4 x 3 m.

Stadelsches Kunstinstitut, Frankfurt

Belsazar's Feast, 1635

Rembrandt van Rijn. The Night Watch (The Company of Captain Trans Banning

Cocg). 1642.

Oil on canvas, 3.8 x 4.4 m. Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam

Rembrandt, Christ Preaching (La petite Tombe), c. 1652

etching, engraving, and drypoint

plate: 15.4 x 20.7 cm (6 1/16 x 8 1/8 in.) sheet: 15.9 x 21.1 cm (6

1/4 x 8 5/16 in.)

Rembrandt van Rijn. Self-

Portrait. 1658. Oil on

canvas, 133.6 x 103.8 cm.

The Frick Collection, New York

Rembrandt van Rijn. The Return of

the Prodigal Son. c. 1665.

Oil on canvas, 2.6 x2.1 m.

Hermitage Museum, St. Petersburg

Warm-Up 2/29/12

Section 1: MC

_____(Number Correct out of 99) x .7079 =

____________(Weighted Section I Score, do not

round)

Section 2: FRQ

Question 1: _________x 2.5

Question 2: _________x 2.5

Question 3: _________x 2.5

Question 4: _________x 2.5

Question 5: _________x 2.5

Question 6: _________x 2.5

Section 1 + Section 2

5: 101-130

4: 73-100

3: 72-58

2: 41-57

1: 0-40

Johannes Vermeer

• Dutch painter (1632-1675) – Focuses on domestic

interior scenes of middle class life

– Category: Genre Painting

– Mediocre popularity gives way to obscurity after death

– Discovered again the 19th century

Major Events/Disasters

• Delft Thunderclap (1654) – 30 tonnes of gunpowder

explode and destroy half the city

– 100 people killed, thousands wounded

• Outbreak of plague (1653-1657)

• “Year of Disaster” (1672) – 3rd Anglo-Dutch War

– Franco-Dutch War

– Dismantling of the Dutch Republic

Jan Vermeer. The

Letter. 1666.

Oil on

canvas, 43.3 x 38.3 cm.

Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam

Jan Vermeer. Pearl

Earring. 1665.

Oil on canvas, 43.3 x 38.3 cm.

Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam