Why did England, France and the Netherlands seek a northwest passage?

How did the Protestant Reformation affect rivalries among European nations?

How did rivalry develop between New France and New Netherland?

Religious Divisions: Martin Luther Protestant Reformation

Rivalries in the Americas:

France, Spain, Dutch and England

John Cabot- English explorer

Giovanni da Verrazano- Italian explored Carolinas up to Canada

Henry Hudson entered into New York harbor and now what is Hudson River

Sailed what is now Hudson Bay

Sailed for the Dutch

Jacques Cartier sailed half of the St. Lawrence River

Samuel de Champlain founded the trading post named Quebec on the St. Lawrence River. Permanently established

France in Americas Economy of New France,

profited from fishing and fur trapping and trading.

Quebec established as trading post and later becomes capital of New France

Controls all of St. Lawrence River and the entry way to Great Lakes

Mortar from Louisbourg, cast c.1750-1756

Catholic missionaries traveled with fur traders

Searched for converts within the Native American population

Goal to teach Christianity

Mississippi River known by the Native Americans as the “Father of the Waters”

Father Jacques Marquette and Louis Joliet explored 700 miles of Mississippi and Great Lakes

French wanted to keep Spain and England out of Louisiana territory, established forts like Detroit and New Orleans

French colonists imported African slaves that work plantations

Some slaves escaped and joined the Natchez Indians in a revolt against the French (1729)

Those slaves that fought with the French received their freedom

Free and enslaved African Americans made up the majority of settlers in Louisiana

This lead tablet was discovered in 1913 in the city of Pierre, in South Dakota. It was buried by François and Louis-Joseph La Vérendrye on March 30, 1743 to take possession of the territory in the name of Louis XV.

Peter Mimuit led Dutch Settlers to the mouth of the Hudson River

Bought Manhattan from Native Americans, then called it New Amsterdam (New York)

Grew into busy port, profited from trade.

Trading posts like New Orange (Albany), established along the Hudson River

French and Dutch settlers became rivals over fur trade.

Dutch made an alliance with the Iroquois

French with the Huron, Abenaki and Illinois tribes

Sporadic fights between two nations occurred using Indian Allies

Ice skating Saint Nick (Santa

Claus) Dutch language

assimilated into English language (boss, cookies, sleigh)

Diseases (Smallpox) killed much of Native American population

War Missionary conversion not always

accepted Seize Indian lands (new outposts) brought

more trouble and colonization westward