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Murder of Iqbal Masih: HRCP report

j

The faclors behind Iqbal Mas ih' s murder ha ve been a subject or con t ,'oversy here and abroad . As a lways in such wrangling, une sid (~ has criticised HRCP's findin~rs in the fl!llowin g n~pnn. as mnl iva Ll'd, the uther has held it up as vindication of it~

pos ition. I t may aga.in be clarified tha t i ll its in vestig-dlions, HRCP ca lTics with it nu specia l plJwers, no exl,'a bagg-dgc uf legal , physical nr technical facilities. The cooperation and the opening of hearts it. gets frllm concerned people come largely from their beli ef in its independcnc{' and in tegrity . It reports conclus ions only when it fed s tha t it has suflicicnt ma teria l evidcl\cc ttl draw conclus ions from. And it fait hfully repurts that evidence a" well as the conclus ion. It is a lways possible fm' the people to themselves judge whether the evidence was suffi cient, and whether thp conclus ion from it is fair . .• Ed.

The issue of bonded labour and child labour has long plagued Pakistan .

Large sections of people are hit hard b y it. A number of NGOs have been working for its el im inalion and ror th e alleviation or tlw 101 or its victims. It has also drawn o utside attention and a IllIl11hn or international l\lllll:tll nglil;oi organisations It;tVt· htTII t"xpn·:-. .... lIlg con cern .

l30nckd I:lhour is a !lIfllI 01 :-.l:iV(TY

and lik<.: slavcry il is passt"d 011 Inlill

one gen<.:ration to allotiler. r I on llr..;

1110st in villages, hut il abo particularly nourishes in brick kill1s and carpet manufacturing in cities and towns.

Child labour is bad enough . Bonded child labour is worse. The Barreled Labour Liberation Front (JJLLf) has been one of the NGOS that have sought to ameliorate (he lot of children engaged in bonded labour. Iqbal Masih, one of BLLF's young workers from Muridke in Shcikhupura District was murdered on April 1 G, 1995, -which was Easter day. The BLLF immediately charged that carpet manufacturers and expoTlcrs were behind the foul deed. In the midst of allegations and

HRCP Newsletter july 7995

denials H RCP , itself long concerned about exploitation of children and instances of discrimination against minorities, decided to make its own inquiries before raising its voice over what had happened. It sent out a fact-finding mission to Muridke on April 20. The mission comprised human rights activists Mahboob Ahmed Khan, who is also a lawyer with HRCP, Joseph Francis and Mohammad Ilamza. The Team issued a preliminary report on May 2 and a detailed one on May 25 .

Meetings

1. Amana. l\'lasih The team first met Amanat Masih ,

a maternal uncle o f Iqbal Masih. A number of Iqbal Masih 's other relatives were also present on the o ccasion, including Hidayat Masih , father of an eyewitness to the killing, Faryad Masih , who had also lodged the rJ R with the police. The statement of Amanat Masih sin I-Jayat Masih , aged 45 years and resident of P.O. Mannuahad ncar Printing Mill , follows.

" I have heen living hert' lor the last 12. years. r all1 illiLt.:rah' Tilt, ilouse 1 livt' 111 IS (Hlrs. I'n·vulIl:-.ly. w('

lived ill Klllli Kllrtll:lllall IlI'al ]I ()

1):lal Wagar 1 wa" III.I/Iit'd 211 )'l'.I" h:wk III ~'II;l)r a Bill! III l.alllll' I\llLulll(' 1 lIav(' IIII\(' 1 11I1IIn''''- IIIIIT '"11' :11111 'IS d.lllgl,h·'.... Lalld (1IIIIV.ll l tlll I .... III\' 11I1,lt ' ........ ' •• 11 r

I 1IIIIV.tlC· I' II-',III.1t II" Id 111I.t" ,( ' Il .

/('ltll'tlill lilt' Ily ;t ("IJI.lll\v~d.t factory I 'WIU'I, M.III:lIIIIII:,,1 Ibsliir. Iqhal M a .... d 1' '''' 11111111('1. 11I :lyat Bihi. is do .... d)' I "',llt·t! II I lilt' . Iqhal Masih W;I:-' vny .11I"llltlll.lIe' In Illy f ~lJnily .

WllelH'VlT Iw l ·;I1I1<" ttl this arca in two or tllr('(' '11111 II Ii:-. , Ill' lIIade it a point 1(1 VI , .... lt II~ .

"Th<.: day Iqllal \V;I ..... killed was Easter. lie (."alli(· (lVl'r to Illy place at about sev<.:n in th(' l·VI·lIillg. I was away waterillg Illy Iklds. TIl<.: water pump wa.s also Oil . Th<.: accused, Ashraf, alias I lero, alld another person, Yousaf Khwara , w<.:rc Ilearby at that time. Our lands are adjacent and they were also watering their fields. Ashraf at OIlC point told me

that he was feeling giddy and wa ... going home to have a cup or lea . I It­left for his 'dcra' at Thatha Muh:di. a neighbouring village . At aboui. eight, I heard the sound of gunfire and then shrieks of my son Liaqat and or Faryad, son or II idayat. They wer<.: calling Out to me for help. Wh<..:n Ynusaf and I rushed th<..:re, Iqbal Masih was on the g.round bl<..:<..:ding. My donkey cart , which Shada, son of Mchr Ilussain of \)cra Miali , had borrowed to carry his fockler , stood close by. Faryad had pellet· injuries on his left arm, while Liaqat was unhurt. They said they were coming on a bike. Iqbal Masih was Sitting on the front rod, Liaqat on the carrier at the back and Faryad was pedalling. Liaqat and faryad were coming to the fields to bring me my meal. It was their daily routine and Iqbal Masih had met them at home and, keen to see me before r<..:turning to Lahore, had joined them. The children told me that when they had reached there they saw Ashraf1 alias Ilero, having sex wilh a donk<..:y. On their angry intervention Ashraf had fired a gun at tliem and th en rlln away.

"We h-I"I th e cliildren with Iqbal's d(,:ld hody and rushed to Hakh HII:lwalt 10 IIlfOnll Ashraf's t' llIpl l ) ' t'r~, :t.aki r lussaill and Ali 11" ........ ; \111 , ahout w hat lit.: had done. ' :t.akl alit! Ali Ilussain and the two of 11 :-' 1111'11 se t off to look for Ashraf. We first w<.:nt to the Oera where he li ved. We found Ali Hussain's gun there but there was no trace or Ashraf. Then we went to Ferozewala Polio' Station to see an FJ R registered. This was done on the report of Faryad who was an eyewitness to the inCident. The police meanwhile went out to examine the place of occurrence for itself."

Amanat added that Zaki Ilussain was a small land-holder and Zaki Hussain and Ali Hussain had nothing to do with carpet manufacturing. In fact , there was no carpet manufacturing unit in the area. If someone dealt in carpeLS privately, that was not withi n his knowledge. He said that Iqbal Masih was about

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/ Y.

f-JRGP 's Mebboob Khan inleruiewintt Iqbal Masib's uncle Amal'lut Alaxib

10 or 17 years o ld , but was too short-sta tu red for his age. Faryad was older by a year and a half or two. Amanal said he did not know whether Iqbal posst:ssed a Nati onal Identity Card. Iqbal had been living in the o nkc or his organisation (BLLr:) at Lahore for th e last about live years. I.iaqat and Faryad, sa id AlIlanal . were now wi th HLLF chi e f .'V1r. Ehsan I Jllah Khan in I.ahore. " lie Of hi .... (ollc;q.!,IIl:s have taken them. W'l' Jlavl' 11 ;1( 1 110 Ctlillal" with them ~lllll ' .

2. llidayal 1\1a~ih Faryad 's IatllCl Ilula )I,1I Ma'lh,

aged ·i X, g : I Vl' till' lollClWIlIj.!. ~lt"I tllllil

10 tlil' III{( :I' 'I'l":l1I1.

"Faryad is my SO Il. I k go, tllIllrn\

in the inCident. I It- W;l~ IIl:lrnnl )11""

two month s ago. Ik I ~ : tiHIIiI LII III

22. The FIH was r('gi~t('r('(1 Oil III ... testimony. "

Ilidayat showed Faryall ,'\'1.1 ... 111 · ...

Idemity Card , issU(,'d Oil 1\1'111 ~t) .

1994, and later gave a pil 11 11 1\1.11

cop y of it to the Tea m. Ilid;!)';11 confirmed Amanat Masih 's ,'aaIClIll'lIl

on every point and ackk:d Iilal lit' wished Faryad came back III)IIH'

soon as his wife was unwell and greatly upsct.

I3I.Lr had taken both the eye­witn esses, Liaqat and Faryacl, to Lahore on Apri l 18, o n the next day of th e tragedy.

La ter , Amanat Masih , Hidayat Masih and a few other p eople, took the Team members to th e place of the crime. It was a deserted plain­like str etch of land w hich linked a 'katcha' road to the fields. The place looked desolatc in th e evening and

36

traffic was almos t nil. Blood patches WL're prominent o n the spot o f occurrencc. Iqbal Masih 's relatives had dug in a pi ece o f brick at the point as a reminder and as a token (~f their grief.

3. lnaya! Bibi Th e Team th en met l nayat Ribi ,

th e deccased's mother. She li ves in Ghausia Colony. Iladdoki. A large number of pcoph: were gathered there to mourn th e death o f her son . She was sitting among them , a pi c ture of grief.

I.nayat l1ibi said that Iqbal Masih was about 15 or lG year s old. "Ilis Il('iglll was very short fo r his age, but IIC' I:llkl'd like a grown-up. lie was 11'· ... 1111('(1 10 he a hig man. lie had l ili lli' III ... ("t. 11:-' 011 Easter. 111 t h (' \·\,( · llIl1g. III" 11.1(1 it'll 10 ... ('t. III '> Wille . 1\111.111,11 I It' .... 1111 111:11 III' Ilad IIl"gl ' l1l

\\'1111. III I."lillt · ,Inelile' 1111",1 [1':1111

1111'11 ' !I\I' .... 11111 · d.q' (1 -;1"''' '1) I 111("11 III ... 11111 111111 1111111 WIlily' III 1..1I1C11"1' ,

Inll III' .... lld . ·M lltlWI . I 1I.IVi · hi I.lke lily IIl1'dtl tilt' 1I,liI" \\"11111 nil Llil ' 1111'\1'

... 111)111" III' 111) 111l ·, I!;. "· WIII"II IIII'

"1"1' : 11111111 ' 11111\ ' ''' \' III]lltll 'lI ,iI)l11i1 wll,11 IIl1'dll IIII' III' Itlok . 111,1)'.11 I\I"j :-';lld

111:11 1': 1",.111 1111.111 KIt.11l was ;UI1IlIIll"It'lllIg 111111 \\11111' plllllill lor IIIIP I"II\,1" 1I11'1I1 III III'" IWlg1l1

111;1)' ;11 I\tllI 11 .111 11 '1 1'IV"1I Ihl'

lIlf"ofl nalltlll I II Iqll.d ·... IIl1lnh-r at ahoul 11I11t' III 1"1\ III lilt' ('ven ing, Asked al)(1111 wll~11 ... 111' tllougilt could be th t: lJIoll v(' til lit'l "'011' ." murder , she sa id it wa ... lilt' .... 11111' as told by Ilidayat Masill

Iqbal M.lsih wa:-. buried o n April 17, 191)') . SOIllI' III lIlt' HI.I.F leaders

and other people had come to .tltend his funeral.

Inayal Bihi sa id that Iqb:.d Masih had been living with Eh san Ullah Khan at the B LLF office fo r th e last fo ur and half yea rs .. . working and studyi ng there. ilU .F used to give her Rs . .100 per month , but recently it had raised it to Rs. 50U p er m o nth.

"' Iqbal Masih was from my second husband, Sail' Masih ," said Inayat Bibi. She also showed an album bearing Iqbal's photographs and gave the 'I\ :am a journal featuring various aspects o r Iqbal Masih 's life .

4. Neighbours Tht: Team also went along w ith

Ilidayal Masih and his step brother, "-slam Masih, to the graveyard to sec Iqbal Masih 's place of burial.

Thc Team thc n talked to Iqbal .\IIasih 's neighbo urs. They said thal the eyewitnesses had told them thal f th ey had themselves seen Ashraf committing rape with the d o nkey. I ntcrrupted in th e shameful act he apparently los t his sense o f balance and in a Buster fired at the intruders, The pellets happe ned to hit Iqbal Masih , killing him on the sp ot.

5. At police station The Team then went to the p o li ce

stat ion , Fcrozewala, where the FI R about the murder was lodged . SilO Ashraf said that the investigating o rfi cer , Ghulam Bari ASI , was out on a raid to apprehend Ashraf. H e hoped that they would get him within a day or two. The SH O r t: fused to say anything about the invl':->tigalion:->, even to talk about th e 1Il:t1\(·r . unlil till' alleged culprit was

arn·:-.I(·d , I h' olll y said that Ihe FI R & ,\ 110ft' IllI' 11I1I111>('r 'j(,/')'), was dated • April 17. It)I)') and was lodged by l :aq';ld Ma:->ih. who himself had In ('Ivell pellet injuries. He gave the Tcarn a photocopy o f the FI R.

6. Attelnpts to see eyewitnesses Th e Team returned to Lahore and

tri ed to meet the eyewitnesses Faryad and Liaqat who were said by Amanat, Hidayat and Inayat Masih to have been put up in BLLF o ffi ce on Lawrence Road in Laho r e. At the office the Team could only- meet Laeeq Askari.

Mr. Askari said that nobody was present in the office and he was not authorised to arrange for anyone's meeting with Faryad and Liaqat. The Team then talked on phone to a BLLF member , Waseem , who was in

HRCP Newsletter july 1995

another l3LLF office. He said he would have to consult Ehsan Ullah Khan for the meeting and promised to ring back. After about 20 minutes he rang bac k to say that he had tried 10 reach Ehsan Ullah Kh::m on th e mobile, but Ehsan Ullah had just leI't far abroad. lie ruled out any meeting with Faryad and LiaqaL Later , the request was repeated several times but each lime it was in effect refused.

7. Accused Ash.raf Hero The Team was then informed that

the accused , Ashraf, had been apprehended. Permission was sought from the police for an interview but it was said that this could not. be allowed until the investigation was over. The Team then decided to meet him in jail.

Ashraf was sent to District Jail. Sheikhupura, on judicial remand on May :~ , 1995. Th<; Team talked to him and to Ali I1ussain , his employer, separately.

Ashraf said that he was a resident of Dera Deendaran, M::wza Nain Sukhia , Uegum Kot , and b<.:longed to a very poor family. llis fathlT was blind and his brother was a str<.."l't vendor. I Je was marnn( nine or ten years bac k, but because of f~1I11ily

disputes he separated from his wife . They had no children. lie said no case was pending against him . lie was arrested from Shakargarh . Ilis mother and brother had first been taken to the police Station before his arres t. lkside s f~lrming he also knew !low to drive a trac tor. but he did not possess a driving licence.

Regarding Iqbal 's murder, he said hat he, along with Amana{ and

, was watering the fields in the ('vcning when he fclt giddy. "I told Amanat ancl Yo usaf of this and left for dera Thana Muhali. close to the (kids. Arter having ' l3hang' (a locally Im:wcd herbal intoxicant) he came Ollt of lhe dcra and saw a donkcy­l'art standing in front of Mchr lIussain 's house. Mehr Hussain 's "011 Shada asked me to take the dllllkt:y-cart to the fields to hand it

to Amanat Masih to whom it lIlgecl. He agreed. Ali Hussain Il-rt his gun at the dera, which

took along with him. "()11 my way to the fields ,

,pt'd at a deserted place and It'd having sex with the she­tk(T Iqbal Masih (I came to

or his name later)

N,'w.,/ellcr /u/y 1 'If)5

accompanied by Liaqat, Amanat's son, and Faryad came there on a bicycle. Liaqat recognised his cart. The three boys, all riding the bike, started a hue and cry. I picked up the gun and fired. Iqbal Masih got hit.

"When Iqbal Masih fell , I ran to the dera with the gun. I stayed there for about an hour and a half, then left the gun there and escaped.

"I had never met Iqbal before. I fired in utter confusion. I am an absolutely impoverished man. I am not familiar with rich persons. I have no acquaintance with any carpet manufacturer. I am supporting my parents through hard labour. Zaki lIussain and Ali Hussain belong to I\akh l3ahawaL I have been working with them for the last two mOI)ths. They are simple people and have 110 business except tilling the land. They have nothing to do with carpet business. I have given the same statement to the police."

8. Ali Hussain, Ashraf's employer

Ali II ussain. son of Khadim II ussain, resident of Rakh Bahawal, Muridke, District Sheikhupura, said Ihat he and his hrother Zaki Hussain lived in the same house. He was under-middle (which is to say had studied up to 7th class) . Ilis mother was still Jiving, but his father had died. fie had acquired 40 ''lilias' of land on contract and he and his brother supervised its cultivation. The land belonged to WAPDA. ThLir source o/" income was co nfined to farming. Neither they nor their relatives had any link with the carpet manufacturing industry. Not a single carpet weaving unit was situated in their area.

As regards Iqbal Masih 's murder, Ali lIussain said that on the day of the occurrence he had gone to Muridke on his tractor to felch back the trolley lying there. "I had left my gun behind at the Oera. The gun's licence was in my name, issued about six months back." lie had obtained his national identity card about a year back. The gun used ill killing Iqbal Masih did belong to liilll and was taken from his Dera. Ill' had never thought thal anyonl' would take it without his permissioll alit!

also use it to such foul purJlww 1141' was in jail simply hecau!\(" IIIl" gUll

used in the crime hdongC'(il(l Ilill1

" ()II IIH' (I.IY tlf tIlCIIIII'II''',

Alllan~H Ma!\111 ;1Ilt! III' I ("1.111\11'" IIIIIIt·

to us alld told u.\ Illal (1111 1'lIlplllYC'I' Ashraf had killed (1111" 111 1111'11 relatives, Iqbal MasilL We' ,II 11111"

accompanied thl'lII 10 It IIlk IIII

Ashraf. We found the gUll at IIII' 1)1'111

but Ashraf W'dS not ll1t'II' We

accompaniQd Amanat and olluT' III the police station for the rt'JltJrltll),t of the case. We were convinccd 111,11

they had been seriously wrongl'd" Ali Hussain added that he w:t .... brought to jail on April 25 . II is (.';1-'("

No. was 172/95 dated 24.4.9S anti he was charged under Article 1(, 01 Arms Ordinance 1965.

9. Carpet Manufacturer Imran Malik, Vice-Chairman,

Pakistan Carpet Manufacturers and Exporters Association, Lahore, Pakistan , WJ.S unhappy about the allegations against carpt:t manufac tures. In a meeting with the H HCP Team he said none of them knew anything about Iqbal Masih, but that his murder was regrettable. The 13 LLF was trying to exploit the situation by involving the Association in this criminal act, which was highly condemnable. This had caused the carpet industry an irreparable loss. The whole thing would become clear with the arrest of accused Ashraf, and his Association reserved the right to take BLiF to court. Meanwhile the Government should take appropriate action against the HLLF for harming national interest with f~lIse propaganda. The Association had not yet hl'l"n approached in connection with the invt:stigations, said Imran Malik.

10. Concerning Iqbal's agt' Ouring the tcarn 's visit to Muridkc

on April 20, Amal1:!t. Ilidayat and Inayat Bihi had lold Iill' Team Members that lilt" I.llt' Iqhal Masih wJ.s aboul 17 )I("ar., IIld . But later it was sugJ.!,l·slcd lil,ll II<" ('ould be.' II) or 20. Tht· 1'1I1111e" ~ Included tht: following

I. WIl("li IIU' Tl'am revisited Mtlrillkt· tJlI M.t)' 1(,. Amanat 's sister wa, .''''111111 ..... '.111 She had come from "h,llI 1'111 , ~11H1lt. to condole the dC,1111 Iii Iql>al Masih . She said that ,lit" \\1.1:-' 1II;lrnl'd nine years back and h,ttl la'i seen Iqbal when he was 'I'Vt·1l or cihrhl, three years before Iwr IIlarriage. She vehemently denied Ilial Iqbal Maslh was 12 or 13 years ,)Id .

37

II

2. One of Arnanat 's nL'iJ4hbours, Ashiq Bhatti, was also present at Amanat's place on May 16. lI e also denied that Iqbal was 12 or I:; years o ld. lie cxpJaincd that Amanat's family had hc(;n living the re for the last 12 years and Iqbal Masih had been visiting them since the n. Twelve years back, Iqbal Masih was aged s ix or seven. According to Ashiq Bhatti's version too, then , Iqbal Masih was 18 or 19 when he was killed.

11. More attempts to see eyewitnesses

Ashiq Bhatti added that he had accompanied Enayat Bibi to Laho re to inform BLLF about Iqbal Masih 's death. "At the BLLF offi ce one Ms. Fatima had received us. She asked us to return to Haddoki since the BLLF people had already gone there." Ashiq Bhatti said they had reached Lahore at about six or seven in the morning on April 17.

The persons interviewed by the Team gave their stateme nts voluntarily, and answered the team 's queries without any apparent constraint o r pressure. It was unfo rtunate that the eye-witnesses to the occurrence, Faryad and liaqat, were in BLLF's custody and were not allowed to be interviewed by the Team.

Later the Team was to ld tha~

Faryad Masih, who had lodged the FIR, and Liaqat Masih, both - eye­witnesses, were back at their places and could be contacted. The Team therefore again went to Mannuabad, on May 16. It came across Rehmat Masih, uncle of Liaqat and brothe r of Arnanal who was on his way to the village near Print Mi ll.

Rehmat Masih dcnicd that thc boys had returned . lI e said that they were still at Lah ore and in fact ahout ten o ther members of their famil y, including Amanal, Hidayat, and Enayat Bibi, were a lso now with th e B UF in Lahore.

Rehmat Masih further said lhat Faryad and Liaqat had given a statement in the court of the Area Magistrate , Mohammad Hussain , on Apri l 28, the day there was a Memorial Service for the late Iqbal Masih at his_house in I-Iaddo ki . After their statement in the court of the area Magistrate, Faryad and Liaqat were brought to Iladdoki by the IlLLF people. -13utthe latter asked the

38

children 's relatives to come to Lahore if they wished to have a long meeting with them.

The next day, April 29, Amanat, Hidayat and a few o thers went to Lahore where 'the BI.LF peop le detained them too.' They had no t returned to Muridke unlil May 16.

Rehmat Masih said that some of their relatives had come from Sindh to condole Iqbal Masih's death. They had gone to Lahore to see these relatives, Amanat, Hidayat and others, who had not returned. They had since re turned to Mannuabad and the HRCP Team met them at Amanat's ho use. They said that they knew nothing about when Amanat, Hidayat and o thers would be allowed to return to their homes. They said lhey were very upset about this.

Regarding the progress o f the case, they expressed their total ignorance.

Amanat's wife, Surraya, however said that they were quite safe and nobody was harassing or threatening them , but she would be happier if they returned as soon as possible.

Hayat Masih, Amanat's father and Liaqat Masih 's grandfather, old and unwell , expressed deep frustration. li e implored the Team to arrange his meeting with his son , grandson and other family members who had been away for so long. He said he did n ot know how many days of his life he had left, which was why the wait was such agony for him.

Findings From all its meetings and its

variety of observations the II Rep fe lt persuaded that:

I. Iqhal Masih's murder was accidcntal.

2. The an:uscd kill ed Iqbal Masih to cover up his gui lt.

:\. ThL'rc W.1S no conspiraLl' h(;hind thL' killing.

4. Ti.le agc of the deceased given by 111.1.1' wa, dispuled by those close to him.

Th L' '('earn recomme nded that: • II Re p should keep a close

watch on th e development of Iqbal Masih's case.

o I IRe I' should not lose Sight of the conditiuns of c hild labour in the carpet industry. The unfortunate death o f Iqbal Masih should no t overshadow that issue.

arbitra tl'( I duty to cgn.:ghlt ls sec k IT(II I""

bodies internalil HI.llly principll's III diU!

If the sla ll' human

discriminal<)ry practices will' II violence. ·1 r n III

a massive scah- I~

is critical thai I (

violently rcsolv('d erupt into all ·tlllt early stages 10

international grt accountability targeted commulll1 that discriminatory I practices. Additio nations should those who abuse France did in 1{,va"I'" obvio us that is imminenl, international observer. keepe rs is critical.

If such actions an' communal viole nce wi ll an all-out war. The will make l on~-I""'n

expensive and scenario, the community must massive efforts at Without will continue and to surrounding rep; c,", more lives, the environ the increasingly international Reconstruc ti on providing peatT disarming warring partl mining areas, repatriating monitoring elections, !,>1IJ1J1 democratic institutio ns, alit I in the recovery o f local (Ttliltl

o fte n shattered by violence.

Dealing with communal vII .11 at any stage is no C:I .... )' I

However, the fai lure to dtl ',11

be catastrophic. .

HRCP Newsletter July 1'1'11