Post on 16-Sep-2018
Peter Fuhrmann & Joachim Bley,
Ministry of Environment, Climate
Protection
and the Energy Sector
The Rhine Basin- Objectives and future tasks
The Rhine river basin
200.000 km²
The Rhine = 3rd biggest European river
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The Rhine river basin
Inhabitants 58 Mio.
Drinking water for 30 million people
Main stream 1230 km
Navigable 825 km from Basel/ Rheinfelden – Rotterdam
9 states Italy, Austria, Liechtenstein, Switzerland, France, Germany, Belgium, Luxemburg, the Netherlands &: European Union
Coblence – CIPR
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1. Nov. 1986 (Schweizerhalle - CH) : Sandoz accident
Fire, 10-30 t pesticides flowed into the Rhine it caused the death of all aquatic life downstream
12. Nov. 1986: The Rhine ministers unanimously adopted the „Rhine Action Programme“ to save the ecosystem
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Rhine Action Programme (1987 – 2000)
Guarantee drinking water Reduce contamination 60 „Priority substances“: reduction by 50-70 % (1985-
1995)
e. g. cadmium,
lead, mercury, dioxines…
Construction of basins collecting fire extinction water Warning and alert systems
BASF Ludwigshafen
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Warning and alert plan Rhine
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Results of the Rhine Action Programme: Oxygen and invertebrates
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Monitoring of water quality
Results of the Rhine Action Programme:
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Salmon 2000 - …an impossible target?
Reintroduction of the
vanished
Atlantic salmon
(† 1958)
into the Rhine
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Programme Rhine 2020: Salmon 2020
2020: A population of 7.000 – 21.000 salmon will migrate into the Rhine each year
Until 2009: 5.638 salmons have returned to the Rhine
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Rhine Action Programme: overall result
strong improvement of water quality
From a sewer into a living
river!
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ICPR: Programme “Rhine 2020” not legally binding
Surface water quality
Surface water quantity
Ecology
Groundwater quality and quantity
Integrated management of the Rhine river basin and european directives
2000: EU Water Framework Directive (WFD) legally binding
- Coordination unit: river basin
Target: „good status“ of rivers
(Chemical, biological (MZB, Macrophytes, Phytoplancton, Fish))
2007: EU Directive on the assessment and
management of floods (FD)
- Coordination unit: river basin
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Organisation ICPR: Structure of the co-operation
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Macrozoobenthos Makrophytes Fishfauna
WFD Monitoring Results
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WFD - New Challenges
WFD 2000: EU- Water Framework Directive-
from water quality to basin-wide ecological river quality
Hydromorhology Fish life !!! (ecological flow, river structure, river continuity, connection of the breeding grounds to the main river Hydropower, Water extraction)
Diffuse pollution (Pesticides, P, PAH)
Diffuse pollution (N) Groundwater
thermal load of the Rhine-River (Rhine model)
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Main Challenges
WFD 2000: EU- Water framework directive-
from water quality to ecological river quality
Hydromorhology Fish life !!! (ecological flow, river structure, river continuity, connection of the breeding grounds to the main river Hydropower, Water extraction)
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„Masterplan for fish-migration in the Rhine-River“ Example: Salmon & sea trout Source: ICPR
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„Salmon Programme Rivers“- Upper Rhine
2015
2015 Planning
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Hydromorphology river continuity Example: Kinzig/Schutter catchment
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Main Challenges
WFD 2000: EU- Water framework directive-
from water quality to ecological river quality
Hydromorphology Fish life !!! (ecological flow, river structure, river continuity, connection of the breeding grounds to the main river Hydropower, Water extraction)
Diffuse pollution (Pesticides, P, PAH)
Diffuse pollution (N) Groundwater
thermal load of the Rhine-River (Rhine model)
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Chemical Status Rivers
Isoproturon
Bentazon MCPA
Mecoprop
Pesticides
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AgroEnvironmental Programme – Baden-Wuerttemberg
„MEKA, SchALVO“ (107 Mio. € per year)
„By choice“ water protection measures „everywhere“
1 Point = 10 €/ha*a
environmental friendly deployment of liquid manure (towing pipe)
3
No ploughing up of grassland- no herbicides 2
No use of chemical- synthetical pesticides and fertilizers
8
Perennial crops to be planted after harvest of plants with high nitrogen-rests in field
9
Soil covering with plants in permanent crops (100%, 70%, 40%)
9
at 100%
Mulch seeding technique 6
source: Berrer MLR Folie 24
Pegel: MNQ[m³/sek] MQ [m³/sek] HQ100 [m³/sek]
Plochingen 10,8 46,4 1145
Mannheim 42 145 2837
Length: 367 km Navigation, impounded: 203 km 5 Mio people in catchment, HMWB high P- sensitivity
Solving nutrient problems in intensively used rivers- The Neckar example P
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Status Waste Water Treatment in Baden-Württemberg
> 99 % of the population is connected to a sewer system / waste water plant
wastewater treatment plants : 990 all comply with 91/271
public sewers ca. 50.000 kilometers
94 % storm water treatment installations :ca. 6.900
Total investments up to now ~ 15 bn Euro,
turnover ~ 1bn € per year
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no measures (36%)
(o-PO4-P ≤ LAWA-Orientierungswert)
measures to be checked (55%)
measures necessary (9%)
P- reduction measures in Baden-
Wuerttemberg
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Example „Phosphorus – Neckar“ Neckar: 0,13 - 0,17 mg o-PO4-P/L
• o-PO4-P Input: ca. 50% from municipal wastewater treatment plants (485 t o-PO4-P/a)
• WFD status: moderate
• Objectives in BW:
0,2 mg o-PO4-P/L in free flowing rivers, but contribution to Neckar ?!
0,1 mg o-PO4-P/L in impounded (HMWB) Neckar between Plochingen und Mannheim
necessary reduction : 485 t o-PO4-P/a
• Questions :
Reduction of P- load by reducing soil P- contents ?
Possible reduction of P-load by improvement of WWTP (> 91/271) ?
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Moneris- Neckar EG
1,2%7,2%
Dra
inag
e
0,1%13,7% 9,7% 42,1%
Absc
hw
em
m.
Urb
. F
läche
n
23,6%
Ero
sio
n
Atm
osp
h.
De
positi
on
1,0%
Ind
ust
rielle
Dir
ekte
inle
iter
1,4%
Ko
mm
unale
Klä
ranla
gen
De
zentr
ale
Ab
wa
sserb
eh.
Phosphoreinträge [t P/a]in BG Neckar 1.584
Gru
nd
wasse
r/Inte
rflo
w
MONERIS-BW, Stand Juni 2008Mittlere hydrologische Verhältnisse und Abwassersituation 2006
11,9% 2,8%
Dra
inag
e
Gru
nd
wasse
r/Inte
rflo
w
9,7%U
rb.
Flä
che
n
0,1%
Ab
schw
em
m.
22,7%
Ero
sio
n
48,7%
Atm
osp
h.
De
positio
n
1,9%
Ind
ustr
ielle
Dir
ekte
inle
iter
1,4% 0,8%
Ko
mm
unale
Klä
ranla
gen
De
ze
ntr
ale
Ab
wa
sserb
eh.
Phosphateinträge [t PO -P/a]4in BG Neckar 958MONERIS-BW, Stand Juni 2008
Mittlere hydrologische Verhältnisse und Abwassersituation 2006
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Frachten des pflanzenverfügbaren Anteils von Pges
Derzeitige Situation
Grundwasse
r einschl.
Interflow
Drainage
n Erosion
Abschwem
- mung
Depositio
n (auf
Wasser)
Urbane
Flächen
Kommunal
e Sammel-
Kläranlage
n (2006)
Dezentrale
Abwasser-
behandlun
g
Industrielle
Direkteinleite
r (2002)
Gesamt
Neckar-
Einzugsgebie
t
113,8 t/a 18,3 t/a 26,7 t/a 217,7 t/a 0,9 t/a 92,7 t/a 467,1 t/a 13,3 t/a 7,6 t/a 958,2 t/a
12% 2% 3% 23% 0% 10% 49% 1% 1% 100%
Frachten des pflanzenverfügbaren Anteils von Pges
Szenarium: Obergrenze für die Bodengehalte von P2O5 auf Ackerflächen = 24 mg/100g
Grundwasse
r einschl.
Interflow
Drainage
n Erosion
Abschwem
- mung
Depositio
n (auf
Wasser)
Urbane
Flächen
Kommunal
e Sammel-
Kläranlage
n (2006)
Dezentrale
Abwasser-
behandlun
g
Industrielle
Direkteinleite
r (2002)
Gesamt
Neckar-
Einzugsgebie
t
113,8 t/a 18,3 t/a 26,1 t/a 206,2 t/a 0,9 t/a 92,7 t/a 467,1 t/a 13,3 t/a 7,6 t/a 946,1 t/a
12% 2% 3% 22% 0% 10% 49% 1% 1% 100%
Verminderung 0,6 t/a 11,5 t/a
Frachten des pflanzenverfügbaren Anteils von Pges
Szenarium: Obergrenze für die Bodengehalte von P2O5 auf Ackerflächen = 18 mg/100g
Grundwasse
r einschl.
Interflow
Drainage
n Erosion
Abschwem
- mung
Depositio
n (auf
Wasser)
Urbane
Flächen
Kommunal
e Sammel-
Kläranlage
n (2006)
Dezentrale
Abwasser-
behandlun
g
Industrielle
Direkteinleite
r (2002)
Gesamt
Neckar-
Einzugsgebie
t
113,8 t/a 18,3 t/a 24,4 t/a 174,3 t/a 0,9 t/a
103,1
t/a 467,1 t/a 16,7 t/a 7,6 t/a 926,2 t/a
12% 2% 3% 19% 0% 11% 50% 2% 1% 100%
Verminderung 2,4 t/a 43,4 t/a
Frachten des pflanzenverfügbaren Anteils von Pges
Szenarium: Obergrenze für die Bodengehalte von P2O5 auf Ackerflächen = 15 mg/100g
Grundwasse
r einschl.
Interflow
Drainage
n Erosion
Abschwem
- mung
Depositio
n (auf
Wasser)
Urbane
Flächen
Kommunal
e Sammel-
Kläranlage
n (2006)
Dezentrale
Abwasser-
behandlun
g
Industrielle
Direkteinleite
r (2002)
Gesamt
Neckar-
Einzugsgebie
t
113,8 t/a 18,3 t/a 21,8 t/a 143,8 t/a 0,9 t/a
103,1
t/a 467,1 t/a 16,7 t/a 7,6 t/a 893,2 t/a
13% 2% 2% 16% 0% 12% 52% 2% 1% 100%
Verminderung 4,9 t/a 73,9 t/a
P-Input reduction into Neckar by reducing soil P- contents
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Additional measures „P -Neckar“
Objective: 0,1 mg o-PO4-P/L in the water (at the moment 0,13 – 0,17)
measures in whole catchment necessary
• optimization of P-elimination in WWTP (GK 3-5) by improved chemical P- precipitation by 2012 (WFD- Ordinance BW))
• WWTP- specific definition of „achievable values“
• definition of additional measures in 2. WFD management plan 2015
(filtration)
• step by step approach
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Main Challenges
WFD 2000: EU- Water framework directive-
from water quality to ecological river quality
Hydromorphology Fish life !!! (ecological flow, river structure, river continuity, connection of the breeding grounds to the main river Hydropower, Water extraction)
Diffuse pollution (Pesticides, P, PAH)
Diffuse pollution (N) Groundwater
thermal load of the Rhine-River (Rhine model)
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Groundwater bodies „at risk“, Nitrate, Chloride
14 GWK at risk „additional measures“
8 GWKat risk „standard measures“
individual characteristic
description of measures !
GWB at risk Chloride
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AgroEnvironmental Programme – Baden-Württemberg (MEKA + SchALVO)
„By choice“ water protection measures „everywhere“
1 Point = 10 €/ha*a
environmental friendly deployment of liquid manure (towing pipe)
3
No ploughing up of grassland- no herbicides 2
No use of chemical- synthetical pesticides and fertilizers
8
Perennial crops to be planted after harvest of plants with high nitrogen-rests in field
9
Soil covering with plants in permanent crops (100%, 70%, 40%)
9
at 100%
Mulch seeding technique 6
source: Berrer MLR Folie 34
WFD - New Challenges
WFD 2000: EU- Water Framework Directive-
from water quality to basin-wide ecological river quality
Hydromorhology Fish life !!! (ecological flow, river structure, river continuity, connection of the breeding grounds to the main river Hydropower, Water extraction)
Diffuse pollution (Pesticides, P, PAH)
Diffuse pollution (N) Groundwater
thermal load of the Rhine-River (Rhine model)
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Monitoring station Karlsruhe
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
30.12 30.1 28.2 31.3 30.4 31.5 30.6 31.7 31.8 30.9 31.10 30.11
Tem
per
atu
r in
°C
Karlsruhe 2003
Karlsruhe 2010
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Temperatures in Rhine
temperature development in hot summers due to heat load of Rhine River by power plants- improvement data base
combination of existing temperature /heat load models along the Rhine
prediction of temperature development
concept of measures along the Rhine
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Other problems to adress (105/2008/EG) : „Ubiquits“ PAH, Hg ???
HCB Sediment management plan
In discussion:
Estrogenes
Medicaments
- Diclofenac - Sulfamethoxazol
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Thank
you for your
attention
www.wrrl.baden-wuerttemberg.de
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