The Rhine Basin- Objectives and future tasks - DWA · The Rhine Basin- Objectives and future tasks...

Peter Fuhrmann & Joachim Bley,

Ministry of Environment, Climate

Protection

and the Energy Sector

The Rhine Basin- Objectives and future tasks

The Rhine river basin

200.000 km²

The Rhine = 3rd biggest European river

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The Rhine river basin

Inhabitants 58 Mio.

Drinking water for 30 million people

Main stream 1230 km

Navigable 825 km from Basel/ Rheinfelden – Rotterdam

9 states Italy, Austria, Liechtenstein, Switzerland, France, Germany, Belgium, Luxemburg, the Netherlands &: European Union

Coblence – CIPR

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1. Nov. 1986 (Schweizerhalle - CH) : Sandoz accident

Fire, 10-30 t pesticides flowed into the Rhine it caused the death of all aquatic life downstream

12. Nov. 1986: The Rhine ministers unanimously adopted the „Rhine Action Programme“ to save the ecosystem

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Rhine Action Programme (1987 – 2000)

Guarantee drinking water Reduce contamination 60 „Priority substances“: reduction by 50-70 % (1985-

1995)

e. g. cadmium,

lead, mercury, dioxines…

Construction of basins collecting fire extinction water Warning and alert systems

BASF Ludwigshafen

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Warning and alert plan Rhine

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Results of the Rhine Action Programme: Oxygen and invertebrates

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Monitoring of water quality

Results of the Rhine Action Programme:

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Salmon 2000 - …an impossible target?

Reintroduction of the

vanished

Atlantic salmon

(† 1958)

into the Rhine

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Programme Rhine 2020: Salmon 2020

2020: A population of 7.000 – 21.000 salmon will migrate into the Rhine each year

Until 2009: 5.638 salmons have returned to the Rhine

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Rhine Action Programme: overall result

strong improvement of water quality

From a sewer into a living

river!

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ICPR: Programme “Rhine 2020” not legally binding

Surface water quality

Surface water quantity

Ecology

Groundwater quality and quantity

Integrated management of the Rhine river basin and european directives

2000: EU Water Framework Directive (WFD) legally binding

- Coordination unit: river basin

Target: „good status“ of rivers

(Chemical, biological (MZB, Macrophytes, Phytoplancton, Fish))

2007: EU Directive on the assessment and

management of floods (FD)

- Coordination unit: river basin

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Organisation ICPR: Structure of the co-operation

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Macrozoobenthos Makrophytes Fishfauna

WFD Monitoring Results

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WFD - New Challenges

WFD 2000: EU- Water Framework Directive-

from water quality to basin-wide ecological river quality

Hydromorhology Fish life !!! (ecological flow, river structure, river continuity, connection of the breeding grounds to the main river Hydropower, Water extraction)

Diffuse pollution (Pesticides, P, PAH)

Diffuse pollution (N) Groundwater

thermal load of the Rhine-River (Rhine model)

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Main Challenges

WFD 2000: EU- Water framework directive-

from water quality to ecological river quality


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„Masterplan for fish-migration in the Rhine-River“ Example: Salmon & sea trout Source: ICPR

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„Salmon Programme Rivers“- Upper Rhine

2015

2015 Planning

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Hydromorphology river continuity Example: Kinzig/Schutter catchment

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Main Challenges



Hydromorphology Fish life !!! (ecological flow, river structure, river continuity, connection of the breeding grounds to the main river Hydropower, Water extraction)




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Chemical Status Rivers

Isoproturon

Bentazon MCPA

Mecoprop

Pesticides

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AgroEnvironmental Programme – Baden-Wuerttemberg

„MEKA, SchALVO“ (107 Mio. € per year)

„By choice“ water protection measures „everywhere“

1 Point = 10 €/ha*a

environmental friendly deployment of liquid manure (towing pipe)

3

No ploughing up of grassland- no herbicides 2

No use of chemical- synthetical pesticides and fertilizers

8

Perennial crops to be planted after harvest of plants with high nitrogen-rests in field

9

Soil covering with plants in permanent crops (100%, 70%, 40%)

9

at 100%

Mulch seeding technique 6

source: Berrer MLR Folie 24

Pegel: MNQ[m³/sek] MQ [m³/sek] HQ100 [m³/sek]

Plochingen 10,8 46,4 1145

Mannheim 42 145 2837

Length: 367 km Navigation, impounded: 203 km 5 Mio people in catchment, HMWB high P- sensitivity

Solving nutrient problems in intensively used rivers- The Neckar example P

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Status Waste Water Treatment in Baden-Württemberg

> 99 % of the population is connected to a sewer system / waste water plant

wastewater treatment plants : 990 all comply with 91/271

public sewers ca. 50.000 kilometers

94 % storm water treatment installations :ca. 6.900

Total investments up to now ~ 15 bn Euro,

turnover ~ 1bn € per year

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no measures (36%)

(o-PO4-P ≤ LAWA-Orientierungswert)

measures to be checked (55%)

measures necessary (9%)

P- reduction measures in Baden-

Wuerttemberg

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Example „Phosphorus – Neckar“ Neckar: 0,13 - 0,17 mg o-PO4-P/L

• o-PO4-P Input: ca. 50% from municipal wastewater treatment plants (485 t o-PO4-P/a)

• WFD status: moderate

• Objectives in BW:

0,2 mg o-PO4-P/L in free flowing rivers, but contribution to Neckar ?!

0,1 mg o-PO4-P/L in impounded (HMWB) Neckar between Plochingen und Mannheim

necessary reduction : 485 t o-PO4-P/a

• Questions :

Reduction of P- load by reducing soil P- contents ?

Possible reduction of P-load by improvement of WWTP (> 91/271) ?

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Moneris- Neckar EG

1,2%7,2%

Dra

inag

e

0,1%13,7% 9,7% 42,1%

Absc

hw

em

m.

Urb

. F

läche

n

23,6%

Ero

sio

n

Atm

osp

h.

De

positi

on

1,0%

Ind

ust

rielle

Dir

ekte

inle

iter

1,4%

Ko

mm

unale

Klä

ranla

gen

De

zentr

ale

Ab

wa

sserb

eh.

Phosphoreinträge [t P/a]in BG Neckar 1.584

Gru

nd

wasse

r/Inte

rflo

w

MONERIS-BW, Stand Juni 2008Mittlere hydrologische Verhältnisse und Abwassersituation 2006

11,9% 2,8%

Dra

inag

e

Gru

nd

wasse

r/Inte

rflo

w

9,7%U

rb.

Flä

che

n

0,1%

Ab

schw

em

m.

22,7%

Ero

sio

n

48,7%

Atm

osp

h.

De

positio

n

1,9%

Ind

ustr

ielle

Dir

ekte

inle

iter

1,4% 0,8%

Ko

mm

unale

Klä

ranla

gen

De

ze

ntr

ale

Ab

wa

sserb

eh.

Phosphateinträge [t PO -P/a]4in BG Neckar 958MONERIS-BW, Stand Juni 2008

Mittlere hydrologische Verhältnisse und Abwassersituation 2006

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Frachten des pflanzenverfügbaren Anteils von Pges

Derzeitige Situation

Grundwasse

r einschl.

Interflow

Drainage

n Erosion

Abschwem

- mung

Depositio

n (auf

Wasser)

Urbane

Flächen

Kommunal

e Sammel-

Kläranlage

n (2006)

Dezentrale

Abwasser-

behandlun

g

Industrielle

Direkteinleite

r (2002)

Gesamt

Neckar-

Einzugsgebie

t

113,8 t/a 18,3 t/a 26,7 t/a 217,7 t/a 0,9 t/a 92,7 t/a 467,1 t/a 13,3 t/a 7,6 t/a 958,2 t/a

12% 2% 3% 23% 0% 10% 49% 1% 1% 100%


Szenarium: Obergrenze für die Bodengehalte von P2O5 auf Ackerflächen = 24 mg/100g

Grundwasse

r einschl.

Interflow

Drainage

n Erosion

Abschwem

- mung

Depositio

n (auf

Wasser)

Urbane

Flächen

Kommunal

e Sammel-

Kläranlage

n (2006)

Dezentrale

Abwasser-

behandlun

g

Industrielle

Direkteinleite

r (2002)

Gesamt

Neckar-

Einzugsgebie

t

113,8 t/a 18,3 t/a 26,1 t/a 206,2 t/a 0,9 t/a 92,7 t/a 467,1 t/a 13,3 t/a 7,6 t/a 946,1 t/a

12% 2% 3% 22% 0% 10% 49% 1% 1% 100%

Verminderung 0,6 t/a 11,5 t/a



Grundwasse

r einschl.

Interflow

Drainage

n Erosion

Abschwem

- mung

Depositio

n (auf

Wasser)

Urbane

Flächen

Kommunal

e Sammel-

Kläranlage

n (2006)

Dezentrale

Abwasser-

behandlun

g

Industrielle

Direkteinleite

r (2002)

Gesamt

Neckar-

Einzugsgebie

t

113,8 t/a 18,3 t/a 24,4 t/a 174,3 t/a 0,9 t/a

103,1

t/a 467,1 t/a 16,7 t/a 7,6 t/a 926,2 t/a

12% 2% 3% 19% 0% 11% 50% 2% 1% 100%




Grundwasse

r einschl.

Interflow

Drainage

n Erosion

Abschwem

- mung

Depositio

n (auf

Wasser)

Urbane

Flächen

Kommunal

e Sammel-

Kläranlage

n (2006)

Dezentrale

Abwasser-

behandlun

g

Industrielle

Direkteinleite

r (2002)

Gesamt

Neckar-

Einzugsgebie

t

113,8 t/a 18,3 t/a 21,8 t/a 143,8 t/a 0,9 t/a

103,1

t/a 467,1 t/a 16,7 t/a 7,6 t/a 893,2 t/a

13% 2% 2% 16% 0% 12% 52% 2% 1% 100%


P-Input reduction into Neckar by reducing soil P- contents

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Additional measures „P -Neckar“

Objective: 0,1 mg o-PO4-P/L in the water (at the moment 0,13 – 0,17)

measures in whole catchment necessary

• optimization of P-elimination in WWTP (GK 3-5) by improved chemical P- precipitation by 2012 (WFD- Ordinance BW))

• WWTP- specific definition of „achievable values“

• definition of additional measures in 2. WFD management plan 2015

(filtration)

• step by step approach

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Main Challenges



Hydromorphology Fish life !!! (ecological flow, river structure, river continuity, connection of the breeding grounds to the main river Hydropower, Water extraction)




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Groundwater bodies „at risk“, Nitrate, Chloride

14 GWK at risk „additional measures“

8 GWKat risk „standard measures“

individual characteristic

description of measures !

GWB at risk Chloride

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AgroEnvironmental Programme – Baden-Württemberg (MEKA + SchALVO)

„By choice“ water protection measures „everywhere“

1 Point = 10 €/ha*a

environmental friendly deployment of liquid manure (towing pipe)

3

No ploughing up of grassland- no herbicides 2

No use of chemical- synthetical pesticides and fertilizers

8

Perennial crops to be planted after harvest of plants with high nitrogen-rests in field

9

Soil covering with plants in permanent crops (100%, 70%, 40%)

9

at 100%

Mulch seeding technique 6

source: Berrer MLR Folie 34

WFD - New Challenges

WFD 2000: EU- Water Framework Directive-

from water quality to basin-wide ecological river quality





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Monitoring station Karlsruhe

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

30.12 30.1 28.2 31.3 30.4 31.5 30.6 31.7 31.8 30.9 31.10 30.11

Tem

per

atu

r in

°C

Karlsruhe 2003

Karlsruhe 2010

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Temperatures in Rhine

temperature development in hot summers due to heat load of Rhine River by power plants- improvement data base

combination of existing temperature /heat load models along the Rhine

prediction of temperature development

concept of measures along the Rhine

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Other problems to adress (105/2008/EG) : „Ubiquits“ PAH, Hg ???

HCB Sediment management plan

In discussion:

Estrogenes

Medicaments

- Diclofenac - Sulfamethoxazol

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Thank

you for your

attention

www.wrrl.baden-wuerttemberg.de

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The Rhine Basin- Objectives and future tasks - DWA · The Rhine Basin- Objectives and future tasks...

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