1.History.

1. Characteristics of teaching & learning process

2.Purposes

2.Areas of language emphasized.

3.Principles.

4.Techniques.

5.Advantages & Disadvantages

The grammar translation method

Reading the passage &answer the question Practice Grammar Word study Translation

The modern method

Reading. Speaking Listening. Writing. Practice pronunciation Grammar.

The grammar-translation method Dating back to the early nineteenth, it was

first known as Prussian Method in U.S.A Being originally used to teach classical

languages (and literatures) such as Latin and Greek. Classical Method.

Purposes

Translate better

Purposes

Develop reading & writing skills. Avoid misunderstanding.

Characteristics of teaching & learning process

Grammar deductively Translation from L1-L2, L2-L1. Memorize vocabulary L1=l2

Areas of language emphasized

Vocabulary and grammar (teaching form)=form based.

Reading & writing

Principles

View of Culture: literary language is superior to spoken language.

Principles

Goal of learner: To improve reading and writing skills. To translate each language into each other.

Principles

Role of teacher: The authority in the classroom ( teacher centered)

Principles

Role of students:

Principles

Students-teacher interaction (mostly) Student- student interaction (little)

Principles

Teacher’s response to students’ error

Techniques

1. Translation of a literary passage2. Reading comprehension questions3. Antonyms/ Synonyms4. Cognates5. Deductive application of the rule6. Fill-in-the-blanks7. Memorization8. Use Words in Sentences9. Composition

Techniques

Translation of a literary passage:

A men and a woman applied for a job. They

both had the same experience, so the manager gave them both a test. After the test, both of them missed only one question. The manager told the first man: “Sorry. I will hire her.” “Why?” screamed the man. “We both missed the same question!” “That’s right,” said the manger, “but she answered the question with ‘I don’t know’ and you wrote, ‘Neither do I”.

Techniques

Reading comprehension questions: 1. Questions about the information contained in the passage. (What did the man answer? What did the woman answer?) 2. Questions for making inferences. (what do you infer from the answer with “neither do I “ of the

man?) 3. Questions to relate the passage (Have you ever applied for a job?)

Techniques

Antonyms/ Synonyms: Find antonyms and synonyms in the

reading passage Define a set of words based on their

understanding of them

Techniques

Cognates: to recognize sound patterns between the languages.

Deductive application of the rule: Ex: I wouldn’t like to go there. Neither would I Use Neither + auxiliary + I with negative

sentences to say that you have something in common with somebody.

Techniques

Fill- in- the- blanks: to complete sentences with words missing.

Ex:…………. is a person who works all her life to become famous and then wears sunglasses so people don’t recognize her.

Memorization: words and grammatical rules. Use words in sentences: they make up

sentences in which they use the new vocabulary they learn

Techniques

Composition: to write about a topic in the target language based on some aspect of the reading passage.

Techniques

Advantages

The phrasing of the target language is quickly explained.

Eg:

: is a person who puts metal in your mouth and takes coins out of your pocket.

Advantages

Advantages

Teacher’s labor is saved:

Few demands in teachers Classes are taught in the mother tongue.

Disadvantages

It is an unnatural method. The Grammar Translation Method does not

provide any such practice to the learner of a language

Disadvantages

the wrong idea of what language is

Disadvantages

Worst effect of this method is on pupil’s motivation.

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