Post on 12-Oct-2019
Establishment of Common Hazardous Waste and Bio-Medical Waste Treatment Facility at Harohalli
Industrial Area, Harohalli (V), Ramanagara (D), Karnataka
Prefeasibility Report
for Proposed Common Hazardous Waste and Bio-Medical
Waste Treatment Facility at Plot No. 312-A 2 & 312-A 2 (P), 2nd
Phase, Harohalli Industrial Area, Kanakapura Taluk,
Ramanagara District, Karnataka
Submitted By
M/s. Maridi Eco Industries Pvt. Ltd
Regional Office No. 5, C.M Plaza, No.71,
8th Cross, 1st Main, Sampangirama Nagar,
Bangalore - 560 027, Karnataka
Ph No. 080-41512958, Fax: 080-22103270
Email: maridibmw@gmail.com,
Website: www.maridibmw.com
Establishment of Common Hazardous Waste and Bio-Medical Waste Treatment Facility at Harohalli
Industrial Area, Harohalli (V), Ramanagara (D), Karnataka
Contents
S. No. Description Page No.
1. Executive Summary 1
2. Introduction of the project 2
3. Project Description 5
4. Site Analysis 34
5. Planning Brief 38
6. Proposed Infrastructure 39
7. Rehabilitation & Resettlement Plan 41
8. Project Schedule & Cost Estimates 42
9. Analysis of Proposal 43
Establishment of Common Hazardous Waste and Bio-Medical Waste Treatment Facility at Harohalli
Industrial Area, Harohalli (V), Ramanagara (D), Karnataka
1
1. Executive Summary
M/s. Maridi Eco Industries Pvt. Ltd. proposes to establish a Common Hazardous Waste and
Bio-Medical Waste Treatment Facility in an area of 2.43 acres (9835 sq. m.) at Plot no. 312-
A2 & 312-A2 (Part), 2nd Phase, Harohalli Industrial Area, Sy no. parts of 799 & 800, Harohalli
Village, Harohalli Hobli, Kanakapura Taluk, Ramanagara District, Karnataka. The proposed
Common Hazardous Waste and Bio-Medical Waste Treatment Facility will provide scientific
disposal of industrial hazardous waste through incineration along with bio-medical waste
treatment and disposal services to health care establishments located in Bengaluru Urban,
Bengaluru Rural, Mandya and Ramanagara Districts (approximately 25,000 beds). The total
waste handling capacity of the proposed facility will be 25 TPD. The proposed facility will
handle up to 20 TPD of Bio-Medical Waste, up to 5 TPD of Hazardous Waste, up to 2 TPD of
non-hazardous commercial waste and up to 1 TPD of household domestic hazardous waste.
However the total waste handled in a day will not exceed 25 TPD.
The proposed facility shall include: (a) Incinerators for treatment of both hazardous and bio-
medical waste – 1 x 500 kg/hr rotary kiln incinerator and 2 x 250 kg/hr static incinerators, (b)
Autoclave – 5 TPD and (c) Shredder – 1000 kg/hr. In addition to hazardous waste and bio-
medical waste, Maridi proposes to manage household hazardous waste and different kinds
of non-hazardous waste streams (through incineration) including: (a) commercial and
institutional waste (b) expired/rejected branded and packaged products (c) narcotics/drugs
from customs/police department etc. Plastic recycling unit will also be established for
recycling of shredded plastic after autoclave.
As per MoEFCC Notification of S.O. No. 1533, dated 14th September 2006 and subsequent
amendments, the proposed project falls under the project activity 7 (d) Common Hazardous
Waste Treatment, Storage and Disposal Facilities (TSDFs), in the schedule, requiring
‘Environmental Clearance’.
The capital cost for the proposed project is estimated to be Rs. 15 Crores. The net water
requirement will be 80 KLD and will be met through KIADB industrial water supply/tankers/
borewell. The power requirement will be about 300 KW. The proposed facility will be
developed as Zero Liquid Discharge (ZLD) system. The wastewater shall be treated in in-
house ETP and the treated wastewater shall be continuously re-circulated to fulfill the
water requirement of Air Pollution Control Devices (APCDs) attached to the incinerator(s). A
Continuous Emission Monitoring System (CEMS) will be installed and the online emission
data generated will be transmitted simultaneously to SPCB/CPCB. Power will be supplied by
Bangalore Electricity Supply Company Limited (BESCOM) and a DG set of 375 kVA will be
used for emergency power backup.
Establishment of Common Hazardous Waste and Bio-Medical Waste Treatment Facility at Harohalli
Industrial Area, Harohalli (V), Ramanagara (D), Karnataka
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2. Introduction of the project / Background information
2.1 Identification of Project
The proposed project is a part of the Common Hazardous Waste Treatment, Storage and
Disposal facilities (TSDFs) and falls under Category A.
M/s. Maridi Eco Industries Pvt. Ltd has been operating a Common Bio-Medical Waste
Treatment Facility (CBMWTF) in Bangalore since June 2001. The facility is located in an
area of 4 acres at Sy no. 1/34 & 1/35, Gabbadi Kaval, Harohalli (V),KIADB, Kanakapura
Road, Ramanagar (D).
M/s. Maridi Eco Industries Pvt. Ltd is proposing to relocate, expand the existing capacity
and include the hazardous waste incineration in the proposed plant in an area of 2.43
acres (9835 sq. m.) at Plot no. 312-A2 & 312-A2 (Part), 2nd Phase, Harohalli Industrial Area,
Sy no. parts of 799 & 800, Harohalli (V), Harohalli Hobli, Kanakapura (T), Ramanagara (D).
2.1.1 Project Proponent
Mr.Sridhar Bommera
Senior Manager,
M/s. Maridi Eco Industries Private Limited,
Regional Office No. 5, C.M Plaza,
No.71, 8th Cross, 1st Main,
Sampangirama Nagar, Bangalore -560027
E-mail: sridhar.maridi@gmail.com
Mobile: +91-9845258603/9481190926
2.2 Brief description of the nature of the project
M/s. Maridi Eco Industries Pvt. Ltd is proposing to put up a 500 kg/hr (rotary kiln)
incinerator for treatment of hazardous waste and bio medical waste and 2 x 250 kg/hr
(static) Incinerator for treatment of bio-medical waste, along with autoclave (5 TPD) and
shredder (1000 kg/hr). The total waste handling capacity of the proposed facility will be 25
TPD. The proposed facility will handle up to 20 TPD of Bio-Medical Waste, up to 5 TPD of
Hazardous Waste, up to 2 TPD of non-hazardous commercial waste and up to 1 TPD of
household domestic hazardous waste. However the total waste handled in a day will not
exceed 25 TPD.
Keeping in view the difficulties faced by industries generating hazardous waste and health
care institutions that cannot make their own arrangements due to high cost involved in
treatment facilities, there was need for centralized system for treatment. Also, Central
Pollution Control Board had made the guidelines for “Common Bio-Medical Waste
Establishment of Common Hazardous Waste and Bio-Medical Waste Treatment Facility at Harohalli
Industrial Area, Harohalli (V), Ramanagara (D), Karnataka
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Treatment Facility” in order to discourage the individual incineration facility by health
care establishments and strengthening CBWTF system.
The present proposal is to obtain Environmental Clearance for the proposed Common
Hazardous Waste and Bio-Medical Waste Treatment Facility which is spread over an area
of 2.43 acres and is aimed to manage Hazardous Waste generated from nearby industries
and Bio-Medical Waste generated from the health care units of Bengaluru Urban,
Bengaluru Rural, Mandya and Ramanagara Districts.
The objective for the proposed project is:
To enable handle the hazardous wastes in a lawful manner.
To prevent accumulation of the hazardous wastes.
To establish an administrative framework and recommend the necessary
infrastructure to ensure proper collection transport, transit storage, treatment and
disposal of the hazardous wastes.
Collection of Segregated Bio-Medical waste and its transportation, storage,
treatment and disposal in accordance with the Bio-Medical Waste Management
Rules 2016.
Comply with statutory and environmental norms.
Introduce a continuing waste management education program for all staff to
increase awareness of Occupational Health & Safety issues and waste minimization
principles.
Adopt policies and procedures to minimize the environmental impacts of waste
treatment and disposal.
Reporting to regulatory authorities as required.
2.2.1 Salient features of the project
S. No. Parameters Description
1 Introduction of the
project
Project falls under Category “A” projects of activity 7 (d) as
per EIA Notification dated 14th September,2006 and its
subsequent amendments
2 Project Proponent M/s. Maridi Eco Industries Private Limited
3 Proposed plant
capacity
25 TPD
4 Total Plot Area 2.43 acres (9835 Sq. m.)
5 Water requirement Net water requirement is 80 KLD
6 Source of water Water requirement will be met through Industrial area water
supply/external tankers/Borewell.
7 Wastewater The wastewater shall be treated in ETP and the treated
Establishment of Common Hazardous Waste and Bio-Medical Waste Treatment Facility at Harohalli
Industrial Area, Harohalli (V), Ramanagara (D), Karnataka
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wastewater shall be continuously re-circulated to fulfill the
water requirement of Air Pollution Control Devices (APCDs)
attached to the incinerator(s).
8 Man Power 60 persons
9 Electricity/ Power
requirement
The power requirement is 300 KW which will be supplied by
Bangalore Electricity Supply Company Limited (BESCOM). DG
set of 375 kVA is being used for emergency power backup.
10 Total project cost Rs. 15 Crores
2.3 Need for the project
Ministry of Environment, Forests & Climate Change (MoEFCC), Govt. of India has notified
the Hazardous and Other Wastes (Management and Transboundary Movement) Rules,
2016 and Bio-Medical Waste Management Rules 2016. In accordance to these rules,
hazardous waste generated in any of the occupiers establishment should be sent to
authorized TSDF for treatment of hazardous waste and every occupier of a Health Care
Establishment (HCE) shall either set up requisite Bio-Medical waste treatment facilities on
site or ensure requisite treatment of the Bio-Medical waste at an approved Common Bio-
Medical Waste Treatment Facility.
Industries located in and around Ramanagara district have to spend a lot of money in
transportation of hazardous waste to existing TSDF facilities. The proposed incinerator
will help industries dispose of their hazardous waste efficiently and at low cost (because
of savings in transportation). Also, majority of the hospitals do not have adequate
arrangement for disposal of the hospital waste. Keeping in view the difficulties faced by
private hospitals, nursing homes and clinics that cannot make their own arrangements
due to high cost involved in Treatment facilities, there is a need for centralized system for
treatment. Hence, set up of a Common Hazardous Waste and Bio-Medical Waste
Treatment Facility is essential.
2.4 Demand – Supply gap
The facility caters the need of nearby industries and the healthcare establishments in
Bengaluru Urban, Bengaluru Rural, Mandya and Ramanagara Districts.
2.5 Employment Generation (Direct and Indirect) due to the project
Around 60 skilled and unskilled persons are required for the proposed facility. Local people
from nearby villages shall be employed based on requirement.
Establishment of Common Hazardous Waste and Bio-Medical Waste Treatment Facility at Harohalli
Industrial Area, Harohalli (V), Ramanagara (D), Karnataka
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3. Project Description
3.1 Type of project
A Common Hazardous Waste and Bio-Medical Waste Treatment Facility is required for
the treatment of Hazardous Waste and Bio-Medical waste to reduce the adverse effects
of these waste that may pose. The proposed Common Hazardous Waste and Bio-Medical
Waste Treatment Facility includes Incinerator, Autoclave, Shredder, etc.
3.2 Location of the Site
The proposed Common Hazardous Waste and Bio-Medical Waste Treatment Facility will
be established in an area of 2.43 Acre (9835 Sq. m) at Plot no. 312-A2 & 312-A2 (Part), 2nd
Phase, Harohalli Industrial Area, Sy no. parts of 799 & 800, Village Harohalli, Harohalli
Hobli, Kanakapura Taluk, Ramanagara District, Karnataka. The location of site along with
project boundary in google map and project site layout is given below in Figure 1 & 2.
3.3 Details of Alternate sites
No alternative sites have been considered for the proposed Common Hazardous Waste and
Bio-Medical Waste Treatment Facility as the facility will be established in a notified
industrial area and also it covers good range of medical facilities in Bengaluru Urban,
Bengaluru Rural, Mandya and Ramanagara Districts.
3.4 Size and Magnitude of Project
The proposed Common Hazardous Waste and Bio-Medical Waste Treatment Facility shall be
developed in an area of 2.43 acre. The total cost of the proposed project is Rs. 15 Crores.
The proposed facility shall have the following key components: (a) Incinerators for
treatment of both hazardous and bio-medical waste – 1 x 500 kg/hr rotary kiln incinerator
and 2 x 250 kg/hr static incinerators, (b) Autoclave – 5 TPD, (c) Shredder – 1000 kg/hr and
(d) D.G Set – 375 kVA. In addition to bio-medical waste, Maridi proposes to manage
(through incineration) different kinds of non-hazardous waste streams including: (a)
commercial and institutional waste (b) expired/rejected branded and packaged products (c)
narcotics/drugs from customs/police department etc. Plastic recycling unit will also be
established for recycling of shredded plastic after autoclave.
Establishment of Common Hazardous Waste and Bio-Medical Waste Treatment Facility at Harohalli Industrial Area, Harohalli (V), Ramanagara (D), Karnataka
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Figure 1
Google Map of Project Site
Establishment of Common Hazardous Waste and Bio-Medical Waste Treatment Facility at Harohalli Industrial Area, Harohalli (V), Ramanagara (D), Karnataka
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Figure 2
Layout of the Proposed Facility
Establishment of Common Hazardous Waste and Bio-Medical Waste Treatment Facility at Harohalli
Industrial Area, Harohalli (V), Ramanagara (D), Karnataka
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3.5 Project Description with Process Details
M/s. Maridi Eco Industries Private Limited, proposes to setup a Common Hazardous
Waste and Bio-Medical Waste Treatment Facility that includes Incinerator with
appropriate APCDs, Autoclave, Shredder and Effluent Treatment Plant.
The treatment technology adapted at the facility is described below:
3.5.1. Incineration: This is a high temperature thermal process employing combustion of
the waste under controlled condition for converting it into inert material and gases.
Incinerators can be oil fired or electrically powered or a combination of both. Broadly,
three types of incinerators are used for treatment of waste: multiple hearth type, rotary
kiln and controlled air types. All the types have primary and secondary combustion
chambers to ensure optimal combustion. These are refractory lined.
Combustion takes place in the primary chamber whereas the secondary chamber is for
gas phase combustion. These are referred to as excess air incinerators because excess air
is present in both the chambers .Thus the waste is incinerated in two stages i.e. the
primary chamber and the secondary combustion chamber which is positioned adjacent to
each other. The flue gases then passes through the high pressure drop Venturi Scrubber,
droplet separator and are let out to atmosphere via ID fan and chimney. The Primary
Combustion Chamber operates under near pyrolytic condition where the waste is
decomposed and all volatiles are released. The substrate remained, gets converted into
sterile ash. The volatiles released from the Primary Combustion Chamber are then
completely burnt in the Secondary Combustion Chamber under high temperature &
excess air.
3.5.1.1. Rotary Kiln Incinerator
Rotary kiln incinerators are designed with a primary chamber, where the waste is heated
and volatilized, and a secondary chamber, where combustion of the volatile fraction is
completed. The primary chamber consists of a slightly inclined, rotating kiln in which
waste materials migrate from the feed end to the ash discharge end.
Volatiles and combustion gases pass from the primary chamber to the secondary
chamber. The secondary chamber operates at excess air. Combustion of the volatiles is
completed in the secondary chamber. Due to the turbulent motion of the waste in the
primary chamber, solids burnout rates and particulate entrainment in the flue gas are
higher for rotary kiln incinerators than for other incinerator designs. As a result, rotary
kiln incinerators generally have add-on gas cleaning devices. The components are
proposed to setup along with incinerator given in Table 1.
Establishment of Common Hazardous Waste and Bio-Medical Waste Treatment Facility at Harohalli
Industrial Area, Harohalli (V), Ramanagara (D), Karnataka
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Table -1
Proposed Components for Incinerator setup
S.No List of Components
1.
Rotary Kiln System with
Shell of IS : 2062 Grade “A”
Riding rings with mountings
Girth gear with support brackets
and bolts
Kiln drive assembly with VVVF
Drive
Support roller assembly
Trunion & thrust roller assembly
Sealing arrangement
Refractory Material
Cart dumping system
Charging Hopper
2. Inlet head with following material
handling arrangement
Ram feeding system
Refractory for Inlet Head
Ash Conveyor
Refractory Material
3. Discharge Breeching with CS Shell
Emergency Vents
4. Single Drum Pyrolyser with the following
Isolation Damper
Refractory Material
Combustion system
Ducting
Emergency stack
Refractory Material
5. Secondary Combustion Chamber with CS Vessel
SS Distributor
6. Spray Dryer with the following
Disc Atomizer with motor
Refractory Material
Effluent Pumping Unit
Pipe Line Connections
Cooling Air fan
Rotary valve
Shell of SS construction with CS
Supports
Rotary Valve
7. Multi Cyclones Lime Silo with discharge bin
Establishment of Common Hazardous Waste and Bio-Medical Waste Treatment Facility at Harohalli
Industrial Area, Harohalli (V), Ramanagara (D), Karnataka
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Carbon storage hopper with bag
holding mechanism
8. Reagent System which includes the
following
Screw feeder for both Lime &
Activated carbon
Venturi Injection system with
Roots blower
Interconnecting Pipe lines
CS Housing, hopper and manifold
Compressed air header and blow-
tubes
9. Bag Filter modules
Rotary air lock
Filter bags of PTFE membrane on
Fiber glass
Bag cages
Pulse valve
Timer and sequence controller
Inlet butterfly valve, Outlet
poppet valves and bypass valve
Internal coating,
External insulation.
Hopper Heaters & Pneumatic
Vibrators
CS Packed Bed Chamber
Pre quench
10. Wet Scrubber With The Following
Packing materials
Scrubbing Liquid Circulation
System
Caustic dosing System
Re-Circulation Tank
Sampling Ports
Platform with Ladder
11. Stack of 40 Mtrs. Height with the
following:
Aviation Lamp
Lightning Arrestor
Drain Point
Man Hole
as per layout with refractory
material.
Kiln energetic liquid / waste oil
lance
Establishment of Common Hazardous Waste and Bio-Medical Waste Treatment Facility at Harohalli
Industrial Area, Harohalli (V), Ramanagara (D), Karnataka
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12. Interconnecting ducting Kiln aqueous waste / water spray
lance
13. Combustion System for Rotary kiln with
Kiln auxiliary clean fuel oil burner
with supply train
Burner and lance supply train
components
Fuel supply piping train
components
Energetic liquid / waste oil lance
Auxiliary clean fuel oil burner
with supply train
14. Combustion System for SCC with
Burner and lance supply train
components
Fuel supply piping train
components
Fuel pump with motor
Liquid waste pump with motor
15. Rotary Equipment’s includes
Aqueous waste pump with motor
Evaporator cooler pump
Scrubber recirculation pumps
Caustic dosing pumps
C.A. Fan
ID Fan
Local push buttons
Electrical cables and connectors
16. Electrical panel as per drive list
Cable trays and supports
Allen Bradley make
Power supply with cable
17. PLC System
PC Interface with PC and Laser
Printer
Analog Input and Output cards
Fused digital input and output
cards
KT Interface card
I/O Chassis
Fuel
High Energy Liquid Waste
18. Day Tanks Aqueous Waste
Caustic Lye
Establishment of Common Hazardous Waste and Bio-Medical Waste Treatment Facility at Harohalli
Industrial Area, Harohalli (V), Ramanagara (D), Karnataka
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19. Instruments as per P& I Diagrams
20. Piping within the Battery Limit
21. Piping with fittings, valves, hard wares required
Concept of Incineration
Incineration is an ultimate treatment process, applied to certain wastes that cannot be
recycled, reused or safely deposited into a landfill. It is a high temperature, thermal
destruction oxidation process in which hazardous wastes are converted in the presence of
oxygen in air into gases and incombustible solid residue. The gases are vented into the
atmosphere with cleaning as deemed necessary while the solid residue is sent to landfill
for disposal.
The proposed incinerator would cater for the disposal/ destruction of the following
wastes:
Spent Solvents
Waste Oils, Oil Emulsions and Oil mixtures
Refinery Wastes
Expired Medicines
Phenolic Wastes
Grease and Wax Wastes
Solid materials contaminated with oils.
Soiled organics with high calorific value
The Incineration system is designed to handle the following wastes from various
Industries:-
Pumpable energetic liquid organic wastes free from suspended solids
Pumpable aqueous wastes with limits as to T.D.S. & free from suspended solids
Advantages of Incineration
The following advantages of incineration of hazardous wastes
Ability to handle heterogeneous waste
High efficiency due to
Vigorous mixing in the bed
High retention time
Low NOx formation due to
Lower operating temperature &
Establishment of Common Hazardous Waste and Bio-Medical Waste Treatment Facility at Harohalli
Industrial Area, Harohalli (V), Ramanagara (D), Karnataka
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Low excess air
In bed neutralization possible for removing acid gasses
Quick restart due to heat stored in the bed
Absence of moving parts hence low maintenance
Flexibility to handle diverse fuels
Residence time can be adjusted by varying kiln speed
Waste feeding without much preparation
Waste heat recovery is possible
Gas cooling systems can be fixed
Well Scrubbing systems can be added
Temperature control for constant efficiently
Air control for adequate excess air
Interlocks for safe operational shut down
Incineration System Design
An incinerator consists of a burner which ignites the supplied fuel and combustibles in the
waste feed in a combustion chamber. Thermal destructions of most organic compounds
occur at a temperature between 850 oC to 1100 oC. To achieve thermal destruction,
residence time usually ranges from 30 to 90 minutes for solid waste and 0.5 to 2.0
seconds for liquid waste. Turbulent mixing is important because the waste and fuel must
contact the combustion gases if complete combustion is to occur. Sufficient oxygen must
be present and is supplied as ambient air or as pure oxygen through an injection system.
A typical incineration system consists of several distinct units. The first unit is the kiln or
primary combustion chamber, in to which waste is fed and in which initial volatilization
and destruction of contaminants take place. Gases formed during incineration in the kiln
include un combustible organics or combustion by-products, which are generally referred
as Products of Incomplete Combustion (PIC). These PICs' are drawn to a secondary
combustion chamber to inverse the efficiency of destruction of PIC's. Residual bottom ash
produced typically exist the kiln through a gravity drop and then cooled before disposal in
to landfill.
The off-gases from secondary chamber is routed through an air pollution control system
in which gases are cooled and removes particulate matter and final flue gases are emitted
through a stack.
The installed capacity details of incinerator are given in Table 2.
Establishment of Common Hazardous Waste and Bio-Medical Waste Treatment Facility at Harohalli
Industrial Area, Harohalli (V), Ramanagara (D), Karnataka
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Table-2
Technical Details of Incinerator setup
S. No. Details
1 Incinerator capacity 1.5 Million Kcal/Hr
2 Quantity of Hazardous Waste 500 kg/Hr
3 Calorific Value 3000 - 5500 Kcal/kg
4 Fuel Requirement HSD: 30Litres/ Hour,
Furnace Oil: 90 Litres/ Hour
The Rotary Kiln is designed for ashing mode operation only.
Incineration Feed Rate: Due to non-homogeneous nature of the waste, characteristics
including the required Calorific Value and the feed rate through the kiln and system heat
of combustion, moisture and ash content, bulk density will vary. All these factors will
affect I influence the feed rate and auxiliary fuel requirement.
The possibility of variations in liquid wastes feed rate to be incinerated due to its Calorific
Values. Required heating value liquids are to be fed at Rotary Kiln and that of high to be in
Secondary Combustion Chamber (SCC). The net LCV of the liquid waste should be such as
to help sustain flame at the lances.
The incinerable wastes shall be pre-processed in case of necessary for making it uniform
calorific value and maintain the norms of halogen concentrations less than 1% and all.
Wastes are fed through cart dumper and ram feeder into the rotary kiln and the hot gases
are sent to the secondary combustion chamber. Temperature at SCC will be min. 11000C
for wastes with a gas residence time of 2 seconds. The residence time and the desired
temperatures are maintained at both primary and secondary combustion chambers for
complete combustion as per CPCB guidelines for hazardous waste incineration. The gases
after complete combustion shall be sent to spray drier I evaporative cooler for cooling
followed by Gas cleaning equipment. The Schematic Diagram of Incineration process is
shown in Figure 3.
The gases are passed through multi cyclones for removal of particulates. Then dry lime
and activated carbon are injected for neutralization of acidic gases and removal of organic
constituents if any. The flue gases then passed through bag filters for complete removal
particulates and then through wet alkaline scrubber for neutralization. The flue gases
after completely cleaned in all respects shall be sent out through a 30 m stack. Emission
Standards for common hazardous waste incinerator is presented in Annexure - IV.
Establishment of Common Hazardous Waste and Bio-Medical Waste Treatment Facility at Harohalli
Industrial Area, Harohalli (V), Ramanagara (D), Karnataka
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Figure-3 Schematic Diagram of Incineration Process
Storage of lncinerable Hazardous Waste
An lncinerable waste storage shed with adequate capacity as per CPCB guidelines will also
be established as a necessary infrastructure. The design of storage shed will be
considered as per following requirements.
Minimum of 15m distance between storage shed
Fire break of at least 4m between two blocks of stacked drums
Maximum of 300 T incinerable waste storage limit in a block of drums
At least 1m clear space between two adjacent rows of drums in a pair for routine
inspection purposes
Spillage or leakage control measures to be adopted in the event of any leakage or
spillages
Record keeping and maintenance of shed
Fire detection, protection and safety measures as well as performing safety audits
every year by the operator of a facility and externally once in two years by a
reputed expert agency.
Storage area shall be designed in such a way that the floor level is at least 150m
above the maximum flood level.
Signboards showing precautionary measures to be taken, in case of normal and
emergency situations shall be displayed at appropriate locations.
Establishment of Common Hazardous Waste and Bio-Medical Waste Treatment Facility at Harohalli
Industrial Area, Harohalli (V), Ramanagara (D), Karnataka
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Laboratory Facilities
The existing laboratory facility will be used for tests to be conducted at incineration
facility with an objective to study the following
Storage and Feeding requirements: physical form of waste, pH, hazardous waste
properties such as inflammability, reactivity, compatibility with other wastes etc. for
segregating the waste and to store accordingly, in order to suit feeding mechanism.
Operating conditions of the furnaces: viscosity, moisture content, total organic carbon,
calorific value, volatility of the waste, special incompatible wastes, inorganic salts, metals
etc.
Air pollution control devices: chlorides & other halogens, sulphur, nitrates, mercury &
other heavy metals etc. The laboratory of the TSDF facility shall be capable of monitoring
all the parameters prior to disposal.
Waste Feeding
Waste-feeding plays an important role to achieve desired combustion efficiencies.
Continuous feeding of homogeneous waste having same/similar calorific value to the
combustion chambers is the desired option. However, often maintaining homogeneous
feed of waste is not feasible due to incompatibility of different wastes for mixing.
Conventionally, hazardous wastes in solid form are fed through a hydraulic system, which
will have automatic two gates i.e. once the outside plate is closed, inner side plate is
opened and solid waste mass is hydraulically pushed inside the Kiln and once the inner
side plate is closed, outer plate is opened for next batch of solid waste. This system,
besides negative pressure in the combustion chambers is required to ensure safety and to
prevent workmen exposure to thermal radiation.
Combustion Chambers
Incineration plant shall be designed, equipped, built and operated in such a way that the
gas resulting from the process is raised, after the last injection of combustion air, in a
controlled and homogenous fashion.
Incineration plant will be equipped with one auxiliary burner which would be switched on
automatically with the temperature of the combustion gases after the last injection of
combustion air falls below specified temperature. It will also be used during plant startup
and shut-down operations in order to maintain the minimum specified temperature at all
times during operations and as long as unburnt waste is in the combustion chamber.
The burners will be pressure-atomized type with approved certification from the Bureau
Establishment of Common Hazardous Waste and Bio-Medical Waste Treatment Facility at Harohalli
Industrial Area, Harohalli (V), Ramanagara (D), Karnataka
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of Indian Standards or equivalent.
Kiln and secondary combustion chamber of the incinerator will be made of mild steel
conforming to IS: 2062 and of suitable thickness lined with high-grade refractory and
insulation, so as not to buckle in or bulge out.
Combustion chambers (Kiln & secondary combustion chamber) will be designed to supply
with excessive air to ensure complete burning of wastes. The blower will provided with
appropriate capability to supply of combustion air. Incinerator facility will have a window
fitted with safety view glass to view the kiln (axially) and flame in secondary combustion
chambers.
As the common incineration systems will be handling wastes having varying heat value,
and while ensuring Total Organic Carbon (TOC) and Loss On Ignition (LOI) requirements in
the ash/slag, there are possibilities for sudden rise of temperatures in the kiln. Therefore,
the facilities will be designed with thermal refractory bricks and insulation capable of
withstanding a minimum temperature of 1,300°C (typically, corundum / chromium
bricks). Interlocking arrangements for CO and temperature controls (in primary and
secondary chamber) with feeding devices will also be provided.
All the burners will be equipped with automatic flame control system. Exit doors will be
provided at suitable place, one each on the primary kiln and the secondary chamber of
the incinerator for ease in inspection and maintenance.
Rotary Kiln
To maintain designed heat capacity of the kiln, quantity of the solid waste injection
package (kg/single injection) will be adjusted w.r.t. calorific value of the waste feed.
When a high calorific value possessing solid waste is injected in packets, the size of each
injection will be reduced, such that the peak CO concentration in the Kiln does not exceed
too high in the initial stage, creating shooting of emissions to the secondary chamber,
thereby crisis in ensuring the required retention time.
Appropriate slope (in general, 3 degrees), rotation rates (around 10/hr) and solid waste
residence time (1-10 hr) will be adjusted for the kilns, in order to achieve total organic
carbon (TOC) and loss on ignition (LOI) requirements in the ash/slag.
Feed silica and glass in appropriate ratios to the kilns to form a cover over the refractory
lining, as and when the thickness of the layer reduces. This will improve the life of
refractory and insulation bricks.
In the rotary kiln, the temperature will be maintained at 800+°C in order to complete
burning of solid waste. Controlled flow of air will be maintained for complete
Establishment of Common Hazardous Waste and Bio-Medical Waste Treatment Facility at Harohalli
Industrial Area, Harohalli (V), Ramanagara (D), Karnataka
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volatilization of solid waste.
Secondary Combustion Chamber
Minimum temperature requirement in the secondary combustion chamber is 1100 °C.
The design and operating conditions will be a minimum of 2 seconds residence time in the
secondary combustion chambers, under critical feed conditions, so as to bring complete
combustion of volatile matter evolved from the primary combustion chamber.
Pollution Control Devices
There are many combinations of treatment units installed for gas cleaning and removal of
air pollutants, to comply with the standards. Designed treatment scheme will comprise of
following equipment, in combination, with adequate efficiencies to meet the emission
standards:
Dioxins: Keeping De-novo synthesis in the backdrop, steps must be taken to prevent
reformation of dioxins by rapidly lowering the flue gas temperatures, particularly from
500 °C to less than 200 °C by adopting rapid quench / catalyst / adsorption by activated
carbon etc.
Particulate matter: Fine particulates in the flue gases require specific dust separation
technologies such as bag filters, electro static precipitator etc. in order to meet flue gas
standard. In case of electro static precipitators, special care is required to avoid electric
sparks due to the dust to avoid reformation of dioxins and adsorption to the fine dust.
Mercury: If the feeding waste contains mercury and its compounds, there is an every
chance of these emissions to get air borne. Therefore, requires specific treatment for
control of these emissions. (Ex. activated carbon, conversion into mercuric chloride and
then to mercuric sulphide etc.)
SO2: Sulphur in the feeding waste upon thermal oxidation forms sulphur dioxide, which
requires control measures to meet the standard. Conventional method followed is
scrubbing by alkali (alkali dry / wet scrubber with hydrated lime or sodium hydroxide
injection).
HCl & HF: In order to control halogen emissions to the desired level, in particular
chlorides and fluorides, conventionally water/alkali scrubbers are in use.
Mist: Often there is a need to eliminate the mist in the stack emissions, therefore, where
necessary de- mister may be provided.
A Continuous Emission Monitoring System (CEMS) will be installed and the online
emission data generated will be transmitted simultaneously to SPCB/CPCB.
Establishment of Common Hazardous Waste and Bio-Medical Waste Treatment Facility at Harohalli
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Stack height
A Stack height shall not be less than 30 meters, in any case. A Stack height requirement
based on sulphur dioxide emissions by using the equation - stack height = 14 (Q) 0.3
[Where, Q is the emission rate of SO2 in kg/hr] By using simple Gaussian plume model to
maintain ambient air quality requirements for all concerned parameters, in the receiving
environment.
3.5.1.2. Air Pollution Control Devices (APCDs): The gases after being burnt at 1050°C
shall be run into a venturi scrubber followed by a flooded scrubber with water quenching
arrangement. The scrubber shall be an alkaline scrubber to neutralize the gases and
ensure trapping of any pollutants escaping into the environment. The purpose of water
quenching is to reduce the temperature of the gases which are at high temperature. The
clean gases are let out into the environment. Wastewater generated in the facility shall
be treated in In-House ETP and the treated water shall be reused primarily in APCDs
connected to the Incinerator. The system is thus a zero discharge system in terms of
water discharges and is pollution free.
3.5.1.3. Autoclave: An autoclave is a specialized piece of equipment designed to deliver
121°C temperature under 15 psi pressure to a chamber, with the goal of decontaminating
or sterilizing the contents of the chamber. Decontamination is the reduction of
contamination to a level where it is no longer a hazard to people or the environment. To
ensure safety and quality control, all bio-hazardous materials and items contaminated
with potentially infectious agents should be decontaminated before use or disposal. Such
items include, but are not limited to: culture media, surgical instruments, laboratory
equipment, glassware, and Bio-Medical waste including sharps waste.
3.5.1.4. Shredder: Shredding is a process by which waste are de-shaped or cut into
smaller pieces so as to make the waste unrecognizable. Shredder has non- corrosive sharp
blades capable for shredding of plastic waste, sharps, bottles, needles, tubings, and other
general waste. The low speed two shaft systems is effective for shredding hard and solid
waste. The dis-infected waste shall then be segregated into HDPE, PP, rubber, latex, glass
and metal. The segregated materials shall then be shredded completing the process of
dis-infection and ensuring non-recycling of the waste materials for medical/ food grade
purposes.
Waste Treatment and Disposal Scheme: Depending on the category/nature of the waste,
the following treatment and disposal method are employed according to Bio-Medical
Waste Management Rules 2016 mentioned in Table 3.
Establishment of Common Hazardous Waste and Bio-Medical Waste Treatment Facility at Harohalli
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3.6 Mode of Collection and Transportation of Bio-Medical Waste
Bio-Medical Waste segregated in color coded containers as per Bio-Medical Waste
Management and Handling Rules shall be collected from various Health Care Facilities
located in Bengaluru Urban, Bengaluru Rural, Mandya and Ramanagara Districts. The
collected waste shall be transported in specially designed closed vehicle to the proposed
facility for treatment and disposal. M/s. Maridi Eco Industries Private Limited is
intending to have appropriate number of closed vehicles for the collection &
transportation of Bio-Medical waste to proposed facility. The flow chart showing the
process details of bio-medical waste treatment is given in Figure 4.
Figure 4
Process Flow Chart
The key components of Bio-medical waste treatment are broadly classified as following:
Waste Segregation: Waste segregation reduces the load of Bio-Medical waste from about 2
kg/bed-day to about 0.25 kg/bed-day and this also minimize the environmental impacts
Establishment of Common Hazardous Waste and Bio-Medical Waste Treatment Facility at Harohalli
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associated with further processing. Waste is segregated into domestic refuse, hazardous
waste and infectious waste separately. Further the infectious waste is segregated into
plastics, metals, and other infectious waste. Segregation is done effectively if performed at
source. CPCB/MoEFCC has issued clear guidelines for color coded segregation.
Waste Collection and Transport: It will be ensured that there are no environmental or
human impacts while collecting and transporting Bio-Medical waste.
Treatment/ Storage/ Disposal: Treatment/ Storage and disposal of the waste have various
options available. Waste treatment can be effectively performed by two operations running
parallel to each other:
Disinfecting Unit: A Disinfecting unit is one that will effectively kill all the microorganisms.
Autoclaving, Microwaving, Hydroclaving and Chemical disinfection processes are the most
prevalent technologies used for disinfection of pathogens from the Bio-Medical waste.
In this facility, Autoclave is used for the purpose of Bio-Medical waste management is
expected to be dedicated for disinfecting only and is shall operate under standards specified
by CPCB. Medical Waste shall not be considered treated unless the time, temperature and
pressure indicated in the standards are reached (for eg.121° C, 15 psi for 1 hour for normal
autoclave).
Destruction Unit: A Destruction unit is one that will completely destroy the waste. High
temperature incinerators are used to achieve this. Incineration is a process by which
combustible materials are burnt, producing combustion gases and non-combustible
residue and ash. The combustible gases are vented into the air after treatment through
air pollution control devices. Ash and other non-combustible residue remain after the
destruction/ incineration process are sent to TSDF for final disposal.
Waste Storage: There shall be two rooms for storage of waste. One for storage of
untreated wastes and another for treated wastes. The storage rooms shall have easy to
wash floors & walls, smooth and fine surfaces and also provision for ‘fly catcher/killing
device’ etc. Washing and cleaning of rooms with suitable disinfectant every day.
Establishment of Common Hazardous Waste and Bio-Medical Waste Treatment Facility at Harohalli Industrial Area, Harohalli (V), Ramanagara (D),
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Table 3
Bio-Medical Waste Management Rules 2016
Category Type of Waste Type of Bag or
Container to be
used
Treatment and Disposal
options (as per Bio-Medical
Waste Management Rules,
2016)
Treatment and
Disposal Option
Proposed for Bio-
Medical Waste
Treatment
Yellow (a)Human Anatomical Waste
Human tissues, organs, body parts
and fetus below the viability period
(as per the Medical Termination of
Pregnancy Act 1971, amended from
time to time).
Yellow coloured
non-chlorinated
plastic bags
Incineration or Plasma
Pyrolysis or deep burial
Incineration
(b)Animal Anatomical Waste
Experimental animal carcasses,
body parts, organs, tissues,
including the waste generated from
animals used in experiments or
testing in veterinary
hospitals or colleges or animal
houses.
Incineration
Establishment of Common Hazardous Waste and Bio-Medical Waste Treatment Facility at Harohalli Industrial Area, Harohalli (V), Ramanagara (D),
Karnataka
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Category Type of Waste Type of Bag or
Container to be
used
Treatment and Disposal
options (as per Bio-Medical
Waste Management Rules,
2016)
Treatment and
Disposal Option
Proposed for Bio-
Medical Waste
Treatment (c)Soiled Waste
Items contaminated with blood,
body fluids like dressings, plaster
casts, cotton swabs and bags
containing residual or discarded
blood and blood components.
Incineration deep burial or
Plasma Pyrolysis or
In absence of above facilities,
Autoclaving or micro-waving/
hydroclaving followed by
shredding or mutilation or
combination of sterilization
and shredding. Treated waste
to be sent for energy
recovery.
Incineration
(d)Expired or Discarded
Medicines
Pharmaceutical waste
Like antibiotics, cytotoxic drugs
including all items contaminated
with cytotoxic drugs along with
glass or plastic ampoules, vials etc
Yellow coloured
non-chlorinated
plastic bags or
containers
Expired cytotoxic drugs and
items contaminated with
cytotoxic drugs to be
returned back to the
manufacturer or supplier for
incineration at
temperature>12000C or to
common bio-medical waste
treatment facility or
hazardous waste treatment,
storage and disposal facility
for incineration at >12000C or
Incineration
Establishment of Common Hazardous Waste and Bio-Medical Waste Treatment Facility at Harohalli Industrial Area, Harohalli (V), Ramanagara (D),
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Category Type of Waste Type of Bag or
Container to be
used
Treatment and Disposal
options (as per Bio-Medical
Waste Management Rules,
2016)
Treatment and
Disposal Option
Proposed for Bio-
Medical Waste
Treatment Encapsulation or Plasma
Pyrolysis at >12000C.
All other discarded medicines
shall be either sent back to
manufacturer or disposed by
incineration.
(e)Chemical Waste
Chemicals used in production of
biological and used or discarded
disinfectants.
Yellow coloured
containers or
non-chlorinated
plastic bags
Disposed of by incineration or
Plasma Pyrolysis or
Encapsulation in hazardous
waste treatment, storage and
disposal facility.
Incineration
(f)Chemical Liquid Waste:
Liquid waste generated due to use
of chemicals in production of
biological and used or discarded
disinfectants, Silver X-ray film
developing liquid, discarded
Formalin, infected secretions,
aspirated body fluids, liquid from
laboratories and floor washings,
cleaning, house-keeping and
Separate
collection
system leading
to effluent
treatment system
After resource recovery, the
chemical liquid waste shall be
pre-treated before mixing
with other wastewater. The
combined discharge shall
conform to the discharge
norms
Not accepted at the
Bio-medical waste
treatment facility
Establishment of Common Hazardous Waste and Bio-Medical Waste Treatment Facility at Harohalli Industrial Area, Harohalli (V), Ramanagara (D),
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Category Type of Waste Type of Bag or
Container to be
used
Treatment and Disposal
options (as per Bio-Medical
Waste Management Rules,
2016)
Treatment and
Disposal Option
Proposed for Bio-
Medical Waste
Treatment disinfecting activities etc.
(g)Discarded linen,
mattresses, beddings
contaminated with
blood or body fluid.
Non-chlorinated
yellow plastic
bags or suitable
packing material
Non- chlorinated chemical
disinfection followed by
incineration or Plasma
Pyrolysis or for energy
recovery.
In absence of above facilities,
shredding or mutilation or
combination of Sterilization
and shredding. Treated waste
to be sent for energy
recovery or incineration or
Plasma Pyrolysis.
Incineration
(h)Microbiology, Biotechnology
and other clinical laboratory waste:
Blood bags Laboratory cultures,
stocks or specimens of micro-
organisms, live or attenuated
vaccines, human and animal cell
Autoclave safe
plastic bags or
containers
Pre-treat to sterilize with
non- chlorinated chemicals
on-site as per National AIDS
Control Organisation or
World Health Organisation
guidelines thereafter for
Incineration
Establishment of Common Hazardous Waste and Bio-Medical Waste Treatment Facility at Harohalli Industrial Area, Harohalli (V), Ramanagara (D),
Karnataka
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Category Type of Waste Type of Bag or
Container to be
used
Treatment and Disposal
options (as per Bio-Medical
Waste Management Rules,
2016)
Treatment and
Disposal Option
Proposed for Bio-
Medical Waste
Treatment cultures used in research, industrial
laboratories, production of
biological, residual toxins, dishes
and devices used for cultures.
Incineration.
Red Contaminated Waste (Recyclable)
(a) Wastes generated from
disposable items such as tubing,
bottles, intravenous tubes and sets,
catheters, urine bags, syringes
(without needles and fixed needle
syringes) and vaccutainers with
their needles cut) and gloves.
Red coloured non-
chlorinated plastic
bags or containers
Autoclaving or micro-waving/
hydroclaving followed by
shredding or mutilation or
combination of sterilization
and shredding. Treated waste
to be sent to registered or
authorized recyclers or for
energy recovery or plastics to
diesel or fuel oil or for road
making, whichever is
possible.
Plastic waste should not be
sent to landfill sites.
Autoclave
White
(Translucent)
Waste sharps including Metals:
Needles, syringes with fixed
needles, needles from needle tip
cutter or burner, scalpels, blades, or
any other contaminated sharp
Puncture proof,
Leak proof, tamper
proof containers
Autoclaving or Dry Heat
Sterilization followed by
shredding or mutilation or
encapsulation in metal
container or cement
Autoclave
Establishment of Common Hazardous Waste and Bio-Medical Waste Treatment Facility at Harohalli Industrial Area, Harohalli (V), Ramanagara (D),
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Category Type of Waste Type of Bag or
Container to be
used
Treatment and Disposal
options (as per Bio-Medical
Waste Management Rules,
2016)
Treatment and
Disposal Option
Proposed for Bio-
Medical Waste
Treatment object that may cause puncture and
cuts. This includes both used,
discarded and
Contaminated metal sharps
concrete, combination of
shredding cum autoclaving,
and sent for final disposal to
iron foundries (having
consent to operate from the
State Pollution Control
Boards or Pollution Control
Committees) or sanitary
landfill or designated
concrete waste sharp pit.
Blue (a)Glassware: Broken or discarded
and contaminated glass including
medicine vials and ampoules except
those contaminated with cytotoxic
wastes.
Cardboard boxes
with blue colored
marking
Disinfection (by soaking the
washed glass waste after
cleaning with detergent and
Sodium Hypochlorite
treatment) or through
autoclaving or microwaving
or hydroclaving and then sent
for recycling.
Autoclave
(b)Metallic Body Implants Cardboard boxes
with blue colored
marking
Establishment of Common Hazardous Waste and Bio-Medical Waste Treatment Facility at Harohalli
Industrial Area, Harohalli (V), Ramanagara (D), Karnataka
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1. All non- chlorinated plastic bags shall be as per BIS standards prevailing
Plastic Waste Management Rules.
2. Chemical treatment using at least 10% Sodium Hypochlorite having 30%
residual chlorine for twenty minutes or any other equivalent chemical reagent
that should demonstrate Log104 reduction efficiency for microorganisms as
given in Schedule- III.
3. Mutilation or shredding will be to an extent to prevent unauthorized reuse.
4. There will be no chemical pretreatment before incineration, except for
microbiological, lab and highly infectious waste.
5. Incineration ash (ash from incineration of any Bio-Medical waste) shall be
disposed through hazardous waste treatment, storage and disposal facility, if
toxic or hazardous constituents are present beyond the prescribed limits as
given in the Hazardous Waste (Management, Handling and Trans boundary
Movement) Rules, 2008 or as revised from time to time.
6. Dead Fetus below the viability period (as per the Medical Termination of
Pregnancy Act 1971, amended from time to time) can be considered as human
anatomical waste. Such waste should be handed over to the operator of
common Bio-Medical waste treatment and disposal facility in yellow bag with a
copy of the official Medical Termination of Pregnancy certificate from the
Obstetrician or the Medical Superintendent of hospital or healthcare
establishment.
7. Cytotoxic drug vials shall not be handed over to unauthorized person
under any circumstances. These shall be sent back to the manufactures for
necessary disposal at a single point. As a second option, these may be sent for
incineration at common Bio-Medical waste treatment and disposal facility or
TSDFs or plasma pyrolysis at temperature >1200 °C.
8. Residual or discarded chemical wastes, used or discarded disinfectants and
chemical sludge can be disposed at hazardous waste treatment, storage and
disposal facility. In such case, the waste should be sent to hazardous waste
treatment, storage and disposal facility through operator of common Bio-
Medical waste treatment and disposal facility only.
9. On-site pre-treatment of laboratory waste, microbiological waste, blood
samples, and blood bags should be disinfected or sterilized as per the
Guidelines of World Health Organization or National AIDS Control Organization
and then given to the common Bio-Medical waste treatment and disposal
facility
10. Installation of in-house incinerator is not allowed. However in case there is no
common Bio-Medical facility nearby, the same may be installed by the occupier
after taking authorisation from the State Pollution Control Board.
Establishment of Common Hazardous Waste and Bio-Medical Waste Treatment Facility at Harohalli
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11. Syringes should be either mutilated or needles should be cut and or
stored in tamper proof, leak proof and puncture proof containers for sharps
storage. Wherever the occupier is not linked to a disposal facility it shall be the
responsibility of the occupier to sterilize and dispose in the manner
prescribed.
12. Bio-Medical waste generated in households during healthcare activities shall
be segregated as per these rules and handed over in separate bags or
containers to municipal waste collectors. Urban Local Bodies shall have tie up
with the common Bio-Medical waste treatment and disposal facility to pickup
this waste from the Material Recovery Facility (MRF) or from the house hold
directly, for final disposal in the manner as prescribed in this Schedule.
Standards for Incineration of Bio-Medical Waste
The incinerators shall meet the following operating and emission standards-
A. Operating Standards
1) Combustion efficiency (CE) shall be at least 99.00%
2) The Combustion efficiency is computed as follows:
%CO2
C.E. = ----------------------- X 100
% CO2 + % CO
3) The temperature of the primary chamber shall be a minimum of 800°C and the
secondary chamber shall be minimum of 1050°C + or - 50°C.
4) The secondary chamber gas residence time shall be at least two seconds.
The emission standards are given in Table 4
Table 4
Emission standards
S.No.
Parameters
Limiting concentration in mg/ Nm3 unless
Sampling Duration in minutes, unless stated
1. Particulate Matter 50 30 or 1 Nm3 of sample volume, whichever is more
2. Nitrogen Oxides NO, NO2 expressed as NO2
400 30 for online sampling or grab sample
3. HCl 50 30 or 1 Nm3 of sample volume, whichever is more
Establishment of Common Hazardous Waste and Bio-Medical Waste Treatment Facility at Harohalli
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4. Total Dioxins and Furans
0.1ngTEQ/Nm3 (at 11%O2)
8 hours or 5 Nm3 of sample volume, whichever is more
5. Hg and its compounds 0.05 2 hours or 1 Nm3 of sample volume, whichever is more
Stack Height: Minimum stack height shall be 30 meters above the ground and shall be
attached with the necessary monitoring facilities as per requirement of monitoring of
‘general parameters’ as notified under the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 and in
accordance with the Central Pollution Control Board Guidelines of Emission Regulation
Part-III.
Note: All standards for incineration mentioned above are compiled from the date of
commissioning of plant
1. Wastes to be incinerated shall not be chemically treated with any chlorinated
disinfectants.
2. Ash from incineration of Bio-Medical waste shall be disposed of at common
hazardous waste treatment and disposal facility. However, it may be disposed of in
municipal landfill, if the toxic metals in incineration ash are within the regulatory
quantities as defined under the Hazardous Waste (Management and Handling and
Transboundary Movement) Rules, 2008 as amended from time to time.
3. Only low Sulphur fuel like Light Diesel Oil or Low Sulphur Heavy Stock or Diesel,
Compressed Natural Gas, Liquefied Natural Gas or Liquefied Petroleum Gas shall be
used as fuel in the incinerator.
4. Monitoring of the stack gaseous emissions (under optimum capacity of the
incinerator) will be done once in three months through a laboratory approved under
the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 and record of such analysis results shall be
maintained and submitted to the prescribed authority. In case of dioxins and furans,
monitoring will be done once in a year.
5. Continuous emission monitoring system for the parameters as stipulated by State
Pollution Control Board or Pollution Control Committees in authorization and
transmit the data real time to the servers at State Pollution Control Board or
Pollution Control Committees and Central Pollution Control Board will be installed
6. All monitored values shall be corrected to 11% Oxygen on dry basis.
7. Incinerators (combustion chambers) shall be operated with such temperature,
retention time and turbulence, as to achieve Total Organic Carbon content in the
slag and bottom ashes less than 3% or their loss on ignition shall be less than 5% of
the dry weight
8. Combustion gas analyzer to measure CO2, CO and O2 will be installed
Establishment of Common Hazardous Waste and Bio-Medical Waste Treatment Facility at Harohalli
Industrial Area, Harohalli (V), Ramanagara (D), Karnataka
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STANDARDS FOR AUTOCLAVING OF BIO-MEDICAL WASTE
The autoclave should be dedicated for the purposes of disinfecting and treating Bio-
Medical waste.
1. When operating a vacuum autoclave, medical waste shall be subjected to a
minimum of three pre-vacuum pulses to purge the autoclave of all air. The air
removed during the pre-vacuum, cycle should be decontaminated by means of
HEPA and activated carbon filtration, steam treatment, or any other method to
prevent release of pathogen. The waste shall be subjected to the following:
2. Temperature of not less than 121°C and pressure of 15 psi per an autoclave
residence time of not less than 45 minutes; or
3. Temperature of not less than 135°C and a pressure of 31 psi for an autoclave
residence time of not less than 30 minutes;
4. Medical waste shall not be considered as properly treated unless the time,
temperature and pressure indicators indicate that the required time, temperature
and pressure were reached during the autoclave process. If for any reasons, time
temperature or pressure indicator indicates that the required temperature,
pressure or residence time was not reached, the entire load of medical waste must
be autoclaved again until the proper temperature, pressure and residence time
were achieved.
5. Recording of operational parameters: Each autoclave shall have graphic or
computer recording devices which will automatically and continuously monitor and
record dates, time of day, load identification number and operating parameters
throughout the entire length of the autoclave cycle.
6. Validation test for autoclave: The validation test shall use four biological indicator
strips, one shall be used as a control and left at room temperature, and three shall
be placed in the approximate center of three containers with the waste.
7. Personal protective equipment (gloves, face mask and coveralls) shall be used
when opening containers for the purpose of placing the biological indicators. At
least one of the containers with a biological indicator should be placed in the most
difficult location for steam to penetrate, generally the bottom center of the waste
pile. The occupier or operator shall conduct this test three consecutive times to
define the minimum operating conditions. The temperature, pressure and
residence time at which all biological indicator vials or strips for three consecutive
tests show complete inactivation of the spores shall define the minimum operating
conditions for the autoclave. After determining the minimum temperature,
pressure and residence time, the occupier or operator of a common Bio-Medical
waste treatment facility shall conduct this test once in three months and records in
this regard shall be maintained.
Establishment of Common Hazardous Waste and Bio-Medical Waste Treatment Facility at Harohalli
Industrial Area, Harohalli (V), Ramanagara (D), Karnataka
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8. Routine Test: A chemical indicator strip or tape that changes colour when a certain
temperature is reached can be used to verify that a specific temperature has been
achieved. It may be necessary to use more than one strip over the waste package at
different locations to ensure that the inner content of the package has been
adequately autoclaved. Common bio medical waste treatment facility shall conduct
this test during autoclaving of each batch and records in this regard shall be
maintained.
9. Spore testing: The autoclave should completely and consistently kill the approved
biological indicator at the maximum design capacity of each autoclave unit.
Biological indicator for autoclave shall be Geobacillus stearothermophilus spores
using vials or spore Strips; with at least 1X106 spores. Under no circumstances will
an autoclave have minimum operating parameters less than a residence time of 30
minutes, a temperature less than 121°C or a pressure less than 15 psi. The occupier
or operator of a common bio medical waste treatment and disposal facility shall
conduct this test at least once in every week and records in this regard shall be
maintained.
STANDARDS FOR LIQUID WASTE
The effluent generated or treated from the premises of occupier or operator of a
common bio medical waste treatment and disposal facility, before discharge into the
sewer should conform to the following limits-
Parameters Permissible Limits
pH : 6.5 - 9.0
Suspended solids : 100 mg/l
Oil and grease : 10 mg/l
BOD : 30 mg/l
COD : 250 mg/l
Bio-assay test 90% survival of fish after 96 hours in 100% effluent.
The proposed facility assure that, ash, residue from high temperature incineration and
other material residues from the process are collected into containers and are sent to
nearest TSDF for final disposal.
3.7 Resource optimization/Recycling and reuse
The entire wastewater collected at the Hot water Sump shall after treatment in ETP will
be used for APCDs, floor washing and gardening/green belt. The treated effluent recycled
for the use in scrubber will not be treated with hypochlorite solution. The plastic waste
after disinfection & shredding shall be given to registered recyclers.
Establishment of Common Hazardous Waste and Bio-Medical Waste Treatment Facility at Harohalli
Industrial Area, Harohalli (V), Ramanagara (D), Karnataka
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3.8 Availability of water its source, Energy/Power requirement and source
Water requirement for the project will be met through industrial area water supply/
external tankers/Borewell. Power will be supplied by Bangalore Electricity Supply Company
Limited (BESCOM). In case of power failure, D.G. set will be used.
3.9 Quantity of waste to be generated (liquid and solid) and scheme for their
Management / disposal
The proposed facility will utilize Zero Liquid Discharge (ZLD) system and no wastewater/ treated
water shall be discharged from the facility. In case of disposal, the treated effluent shall meet
the discharge standards laid down by MoEFCC/ KSPCB. The water recovered during
treatment in ETP will be used for APCDs, floor washing and gardening/Green belt. The
solid waste generation during wastewater treatment & treatment of Hazardous waste and
Bio-Medical waste will be sent to nearest TSDF for final disposal. The tentative scheme for
the ETP is given in the Figure 5.
Figure 5
Tentative Scheme of ETP
Establishment of Common Hazardous Waste and Bio-Medical Waste Treatment Facility at Harohalli
Industrial Area, Harohalli (V), Ramanagara (D), Karnataka
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4. Site Analysis 4.1 Connectivity
The site is well connected with all the transportation facilities from the nearby places. NH
948 (Previously referred as NH 209) is at a distance of 2 km (SE). The nearest railway station
is Ketohalli railway station is around 14.6 km (NW). The nearby airports are Hosur
aerodrome at a distance of 34.8 km (E), HAL airport is about 38.7 km (NE) and Bengaluru
international airport is about 64.9 km (NNE) from the site.
4.2 Land Form, Land use and Land ownership
The proposed Common Hazardous Waste and Bio-Medical Waste Treatment Facility is
located at Plot no. 312-A2 & 312-A2 (Part), 2nd Phase, Harohalli Industrial Area, Sy no.
parts of 799 & 800, Village Harohalli, Harohalli Hobli, Kanakapura Taluk, Ramanagara
District, Karnataka by M/s. Maridi Eco Industries Private Limited.
4.3 Topography
The district can be divided into rocky upland, plateau and flat topped hills at an elevation
of about 900 m amsl. The district with major part sloping towards south and south east
forming pediplain interspersed with hills all along the western part with the elevation in
the range of 996 m and 1467 m amsl mostly in the granitic terrain. Topographical map of
the proposed project is given in Figure 6.
4.4 Existing Land Use pattern
The proposed site falls in Harohalli Industrial Area (KIADB), Harohalli (V). The sensitivity
map showing the distances from periphery of project to periphery of forests, water
bodies, national park, wild life sanctuary, eco sensitive areas if any are given in Figure 7.
4.5 Existing Infrastructure
There is no existing building or other infrastructure in the proposed site. All required
infrastructure like human settlement, schools, hospitals, health care centers, fire brigade,
public transport, etc. are available in nearby villages. The proposed site photographs are
given in Figure 8.
4.6 Soil Classification
Major part of the district is occupied by red sandy soil (60%), and the remaining by red
loamy soil. Red sandy soil mainly occurs in Channapatna, Kanakapura and Ramanagara
taluks in undulating land slopes. These soils are derived from acidic rocks, granites and
granitic gneiss.
Establishment of Common Hazardous Waste and Bio-Medical Waste Treatment Facility at Harohalli Industrial Area, Harohalli (V), Ramanagara (D),
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Figure 6 Topographical Map of the Proposed Site – 10 km Radius
Establishment of Common Hazardous Waste and Bio-Medical Waste Treatment Facility at Harohalli Industrial Area, Harohalli (V), Ramanagara (D),
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Figure 7 Google Map Showing Project Site Boundary
Establishment of Common Hazardous Waste and Bio-Medical Waste Treatment Facility at Harohalli Industrial Area, Harohalli (V), Ramanagara (D),
Karnataka
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Figure 8 Sensitivity Map
Establishment of Common Hazardous Waste and Bio-Medical Waste Treatment Facility at Harohalli
Industrial Area, Harohalli (V), Ramanagara (D), Karnataka
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Figure 9
Proposed Site Photographs
4.7 Climatic data from secondary sources
Project area falls under the hot temperate climate zone. The dry season is from January to
February, followed by hot weather from March to May. The SW monsoon season is from
June to September and the NE monsoon period from October to December.
4.7.1 Rainfall
A study of the rainfall data from 2001 t0 2010 from various rain gauge stations has shown
that the amount of rainfall is relatively uniform throughout the district. The normal rainfall
of the district is 854 mm and varies from 822 mm at Kanakapura to 868 mm at Magadi.
December to March represents very low rainfall months. The rainfall occurs in nearly 49
rainy days.
4.7.2 Temperature
The temperature starts rising from January to peak in April, the hottest month with a
maximum temperature of 34 ˚C. Thereafter it declines during the monsoon period.
December is the coldest month with the temperature dipping down to 16 ˚C.
4.8 Social Infrastructure available
All required infrastructure like human settlement, schools, hospitals, health care centers,
fire brigade, public transport, etc. are available.
Establishment of Common Hazardous Waste and Bio-Medical Waste Treatment Facility at Harohalli
Industrial Area, Harohalli (V), Ramanagara (D), Karnataka
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5. Planning Brief
5.1 Planning concept (type of industries, facilities, transportation, etc.) Town and
country planning/ Development authority classification
The proposed project is an establishment of Common Hazardous Waste and Bio-Medical
Waste Treatment Facility and falls under Harohalli Industrial Area, Harohalli and having all
required infrastructure (power, roads, water lines, etc.).
5.2 Population projection
There will be an influx of 100 to 150 people to the area due to the proposed project.
5.3 Land use planning (breakup along with greenbelt etc.).
The total area allocated for Common Hazardous Waste and Bio-Medical Waste Treatment
Facility is 2.43 acres. Minimum of 33% of the total area is allotted for green belt
development. Land breakup details have been given in the layout.
5.4 Assessment of Infrastructure demand (physical & social)
There will be a minimum influx of people to the area due to the proposed project, as the
major manpower will be employed from the nearby villages. Hence the infrastructure
available is sufficient to accommodate the demand.
5.5 Amenities/Facilities
All the amenities/facilities like administrative building, security room, toilet block, etc., will
be developed for the proposed facility.
Establishment of Common Hazardous Waste and Bio-Medical Waste Treatment Facility at Harohalli
Industrial Area, Harohalli (V), Ramanagara (D), Karnataka
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6. Proposed Infrastructure
6.1. Industrial area (processing area)
The proposed site shall be established with all the facilities such as:
Administration Building
Staff Locker and wash room
Vehicle Washing bay
Effluent Treatment Plant
Incinerator and Incineration shed
Hazardous waste storage shed with fire safety measures
Sterilization room
Store room
Workshop
Security office
Transformer
DG set
6.2. Residential area (non-processing)
Local manpower will be hired. There is no need for any additional facilities.
6.3. Green belt
Green belt will be developed according to CPCB/KSPCB guidelines i.e., 33% of the total
plot area. Plants of various species will be developed in the facility and in the peripheral
areas.
6.4. Social Infrastructure
Schools, Colleges, Hospitals & Healthcare Centers, Shops & Bazaars, Community Centers,
etc. are all available in nearby villages and towns.
6.5. Connectivity (Traffic and transportation road/rail/metro/waterways etc)
The site is well connected with all the transportation facilities from the nearby places. NH
948 (Previously referred as NH 209) is at a distance of 2 km (SE). The nearest railway station
is Ketohalli railway station is around 14.6 km (NW). The nearby airports are Hosur
aerodrome at a distance of 34.8 km (E), HAL airport is about 38.7 km (NE) and Bengaluru
international airport is about 64.9 km (NNE) from the site.
6.6. Drinking water management (Source & Supply of water)
The drinking water requirement will be met through industrial water supply/ water tankers.
Establishment of Common Hazardous Waste and Bio-Medical Waste Treatment Facility at Harohalli
Industrial Area, Harohalli (V), Ramanagara (D), Karnataka
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6.7. Sewerage system
The wastewater generated will be treated in in-house ETP and the treated water will be
reused for APCDs, greenbelt etc.
6.8. Solid Waste Management
Solid waste generated during the Hazardous waste and Bio-Medical waste treatment
process and wastewater treatment process is mainly ash and sludge which will be
generated depending upon the hydraulic load. Sludge will be sent to nearest TSDF.
6.9. Power Requirement & Supply/source
The power required for the proposed Common Hazardous Waste and Bio-Medical Waste
Treatment Facility is 300 KW which will be fetched from Bangalore Electricity Supply
Company Limited (BESCOM). A DG set of 375 kVA will be used for emergency power
backup.
Establishment of Common Hazardous Waste and Bio-Medical Waste Treatment Facility at Harohalli
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7. Rehabilitation and Resettlement (R & R) plan
7.1. Policy to be adopted (Central/State) in respect of the project affected persons
including home oustees and landless laborers (a brief outline to be given)
No, Rehabilitation and Resettlement (R & R) Plan required.
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8. Project schedule and Cost Estimates
8.1 Likely date of start of construction and likely date of completion (Time schedule for
the project should be given).
The project will be started after getting all the necessary approvals from the regulatory
authorities viz., MoEFCC, KSPCB, etc.
8.2 Estimated project cost along with analysis in terms of economic viability of the project.
The capital cost for the proposed expansion is estimated to be Rs.15 Crores.
Establishment of Common Hazardous Waste and Bio-Medical Waste Treatment Facility at
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9. Analysis of Proposal
(Final Recommendations)
9.1 Financial and social benefits with special emphasis on the benefit to the local
people including tribal population if any, in the area.
The proposed Common Hazardous Waste and Bio-Medical Waste Treatment Facility shall
ensure environmentally sound management of hazardous waste and bio-medical waste
by complying with specified rules and CPCB guidelines with minimal impact on human
health and environment. Due to the project, employment options to the local people will
be increased which will improve their livelihood. Overall the proposed project will have a
positive impact on people, surroundings and to the environment.
Establishment of Common Hazardous Waste and Bio-Medical Waste Treatment Facility at
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Annexure – I
COMPREHENSIVE ANALYSIS REQUIREMENTS FOR
HAZARDOUS WASTES - GENERATOR /TSDF OPERATOR
Method of Analysis Comprehensive Analysis to be submitted by the Generators of Hazardous Wastes
Physical Analysis Physical State of the waste (liquid I slurry I sludge I Semi-solid I solid: inorganic, organic, metallic)
Description of different phases of the wastes (in cases of solid wastes slurries and sludge) contained in aqueous I non-aqueous liquids I solutions
Colour and Texture
Whether the waste is multi-layered (Yes/No)? If yes, quantify each layer
Specific Gravity
Viscosity
Calorific Value
USEPA, SW-846; Method 1010 and 1020 Flash Point
% Moisture content loss on ignition at 105°C
% Organic content loss on ignition at 550 °C
USEPA, SW-846; Method 9095 Paint Filter Liquid Test (PFLT)
Chemical Analysis
USEPA, SW-846; Methods 9040, 9041 and 9045
pH
Inorganic Parameters Analysis
USEPA; SW-846; Vol. 1C Part II; Test Method to determine HCN released from Wastes
Reactive Cyanide (ppm)
USEPA; SW-846; Vol. 1C Part II; Test Method to determine H2S released from wastes
Reactive Sulfide (ppm)
USEPA; SW-846; 9010, 9011, 9012 Sulphur (elemental)
USEPA; SW-846; Vol. 1A, 1B, 1C and Vol. 2 Concentration of In-organics [as per Schedule 2 of HW (M&H) Rules, 1989, as amended].
Organic Parameters Analysis Oil & Grease
Extractable Organic (in special cases only)
% Carbon
% Nitrogen
% Sulphur
% Hydrogen
USEPA; SW-846; Vol. 1A, 1B, 1C and Vol. 2 Concentration of individual organics [as per Schedule 2 of HW (M&H) Rules, 1989, as amended]
USEPA; SW-846; Method 1311, 1330 Toxicity Characteristics Leaching Procedure (For the parameters identified in Section 2, Annexure -III and the listed parameters as presented in Method 1311 of SW 846; USEPA)
Establishment of Common Hazardous Waste and Bio-Medical Waste Treatment Facility at
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Annexure II
FINGERPRINT ANALYSIS REQUIREMENTS FOR HAZARDOUS WASTES - TSD FACILITIES
Method of Analysis Fingerprint Analysis by the Operators of TSD Facilities
Physical Analysis Physical State of the waste (liquid/slurry/sludge/semi-solid/solid: inorganic/organic/metallic)
Identification of different phases of the wastes (in cases of solid wastes contained in aqueous/non-aqueous liquids/solutions for slurries and sludge)
Colour & Textures
Whether the waste is multi-layered (yes/no)? if yes, quantify each layer
Specific Gravity
Viscosity
USEPA, SW-846; Method 1010 and 1020 Flash Point
Loss on ignition at 105° C
Loss on ignition at 650° C
USEPA, SW-846; Method 9095 Paint Filter Liquid Test (PFLT)
USEPA, SW-846; Method 9096 Liquid Release Test (LRT)
Chemical Analysis
USEPA, SW-846; Method 9040, 9041 and 9045
pH
USEPA, SW-846; Vol. 1C Part 11; Test Method to determine HCN released from Wastes
Reactive Cyanide (ppm)
USEPA, SW-846; Vol. 1C Part 11; Test Method to determine H2S released from Wastes
Reactive Sulfide (ppm)
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Annexure III
EMISSION STANDARDS FOR COMMON HAZARDOUS WASTES INCINERATOR
A. Flue Gas Emission Standards
Parameter Emission standard
Limiting Concentration
Sampling Duration
Particulates 50 mg/Nm3 30 min
HCl 50 mg/Nm3 30 min
SO2 200 mg/Nm3 30 min
CO 100 mg/Nm3 30 min
50 mg/Nm3 24 hours
Total 0rganic Carbon 20 mg/Nm3 30 min
HF 4 mg/Nm3 30 min
NOx (NO and NO2 expressed as NO2)
400 mg/Nm3 30 min
Total dioxins and furans 0.1 ng TEQ/Nm3 8 hours
Cd + Th + their compounds 0.05 mg/Nm3 2 hours
Hg and its compounds 0.05 mg/Nm3 2 hours
Sb + As + Pb + Cr + Co + Cu + Mn + Ni + V + their compounds
0.05 mg/Nm3 2 hours