Post on 03-Jul-2015
Air Pollution ControlAir Pollution Control
Specific to Specific to Methane Digestion in the Methane Digestion in the landfilllandfill
Skill towards bioremediation for air Skill towards bioremediation for air pollutionpollution
Engineering skills for Methane Engineering skills for Methane digester designdigester design
Study of Methane Study of Methane Digestion in a Newly Digestion in a Newly
Designed BiofilterDesigned Biofilter
Specific Objectives:Specific Objectives:
To design a methane biofilterTo design a methane biofilter To find out the suitable material To find out the suitable material
to maximize the bio-digestion to maximize the bio-digestion of methane.of methane.
To develop a relation between To develop a relation between biomass growth and methane biomass growth and methane consumption efficiency.consumption efficiency.
Experimental setup for the methane Experimental setup for the methane biofilterbiofilter
Another view of the experimental Another view of the experimental setupsetup
a] Schematic diagram of the experimental a] Schematic diagram of the experimental
Biofilter Column and [b] Top ViewBiofilter Column and [b] Top View
Different properties of filter materialsDifferent properties of filter materials
7.86.87.2pH
39845Ignition loss (%)
0.68.737Water Content (%)
1310168568Bulk Density (kg/m3)
SandSawdustCompostParameter
[a] Gas collection balloons, [b][a] Gas collection balloons, [b] Solution Solution extracted from compost, sawdust, and sandextracted from compost, sawdust, and sand
[a] Gas Chromatograph, [b][a] Gas Chromatograph, [b] GC GC Syringe openingSyringe opening
[a] Seeded BOD bottles, [b] DO [a] Seeded BOD bottles, [b] DO and pH measurementand pH measurement
Chemical Oxygen Demand Chemical Oxygen Demand AnalysisAnalysis
[a] Centrifuge Tubes, [b] Bio-Rad [a] Centrifuge Tubes, [b] Bio-Rad Bradford Kit, [c] Standard Cuvettes, [d] Bradford Kit, [c] Standard Cuvettes, [d]
Sample CuvettesSample Cuvettes
Methanotrophs Plate Count Methanotrophs Plate Count AnalysisAnalysis
Methanotrophs Plate Count Methanotrophs Plate Count AnalysisAnalysis
Initial experimental conditions of Initial experimental conditions of the selected three media the selected three media
32408876Biomass density (g/ m3)
17256457BOD status of filter (mg/L)
12236264842COD status of filter (mg/L)
3.4×10-33.4×10-33.4×10-3Methane mass flow rate (g/m3/hr)
1310183568Bulk density of filter (kg/ m3)
0.1150.1150.115Biofilter volume (m3)
0.0440.4140.372Moisture content (cm3/cm3)
505050Packed bed depth (cm)
2.702.702.70Methane supply concentration (%)
SandSawdustCompostDescription of parameters
Fig. 5.2: Specific capacity of methane digestion in different materials
y = -0.7886x + 33.03
y = -0.2992x + 21.43
y = -0.2677x + 20.685
0.00
5.00
10.00
15.00
20.00
25.00
30.00
35.00
40.00
0 2 4 6 8 10 12
Time period (week)
Sp. m
etha
ne d
iges
tion
(g/m
3/hr
)
Linear (Compost)
Linear (Saw dust)
Linear (Sand)
Fig. 5.3: Trends of temperature rise in different biofilters wrt inlet temperature
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
20.7 21.1 21.8 19 17.7 21.2 18.7 21.6 21 19.9 20.7
Inlet temperature (0C)
Filte
r bed
tem
p (
0C
)
TempCompost TempSaw dust TempSand
Fig. 5.4: Relationship between methane digestion and temperature rise in different biofilters
0.0
20.0
40.0
60.0
80.0
100.0
1 20.0
25 29 27 25 22 24 22 23 21 20 21
28 30 31 25 24 28 24 24 22 22 22
27 35 36 27 26 30 26 26 24 24 23
Filter beds temperature ( 0C)
Met
hane
dig
estio
n (
%)
DigestionCompost DigestionSaw dust DigestionSand
Fig. 5.6: Methane digestion Vs moisture content in the Sawdust medium
y = 233.15x2 - 140.78x + 75.629
0.00
10.00
20.00
30.00
40.00
50.00
60.00
70.00
80.00
0.360 0.380 0.400 0.420 0.440 0.460 0.480 0.500 0.520
Volumetric moisture content (m3/m 3)
Met
hane
Dig
estio
n (%
)
Poly. (Saw dust)
Fig. 5.8: Trends of biomass contents at different filter media
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Time period (week)
Biom
ass (
g/m
3)
Compost
Saw dust
Sand
Fig. 5.10: Relationship between biomass contents and methane digestion rates in sawdust filter
y = 631.31x-0.7693
R2 = 0.8938
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
17.0 21.4 23.3 18.9 19.0 24.2 19.2 22.8 21.3 17.8 14.4
Methane digestion rate (g/m 3/hr)
Biom
ass c
onten
t (g/m
3)
Saw dust
Pow er (Saw dust)
Fig. 5.11: Relationship between biomass contents and methane digestion rates in sand filter
y = 40.477x-0.1626
R2 = 0.9088
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
19.9 21.2 21.8 19.5 18.9 19.7 17.3 18.9 19.5 21.1 14.9
Methane digestion rate (g/m 3/hr)
Biom
ass c
onten
t (g/m
3)
Sand
Pow er (Sand)
Fig. 5.13: Trends of BOD removal status in different filter media
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
400
450
500
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Time period (week)
BOD
stat
us (m
g/L)
Compost
Sawdust
Sand
Power (Compost)
Power (Sawdust)
Power (Sand)
Fig. 5.12: Trends of COD removal status in different filter media
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Time period (week)
COD
stat
us (m
g/L)
Compost
Sawdust
Sand
Power (Compost)
Power (Sawdust)
Power (Sand)
0
50
100
150
200
250
Bacte
rial p
opula
tion
(104) 0
12
45
67
89Compost Saw dust Sand
Time period (week)
Fig. 5.14: Trends of bacterial population at different filter media
Compost
Saw dust
Sand
ConclusionConclusion
The methane digestion efficiency in the sawdust The methane digestion efficiency in the sawdust medium was 60% with the biomass content of medium was 60% with the biomass content of 238 g/m3 while the compost medium had 86% 238 g/m3 while the compost medium had 86% with 539 g/m3 biomass. with 539 g/m3 biomass.
The overall results indicated that the sawdust The overall results indicated that the sawdust material can be used for minimizing methane material can be used for minimizing methane transfer rate from the landfilltransfer rate from the landfill..
The digestions efficiency in the sawdust could be The digestions efficiency in the sawdust could be accelerated by incorporating necessary nutrients accelerated by incorporating necessary nutrients in the beginning of the experimentin the beginning of the experiment..