Post on 16-Dec-2015
“Jelly Fish” “Comb Jelly's”Kingdom: Animalia Kingdom: Animalia Phylum:Cnidairia Phylum:Ctenophora Classes: Anthozoa Classes: Tentaculata
Hydrozoa Nuda Scyphozoa BY: Alex Lingg and a little of Trevor Brown
Phylum CindariaJelly fishOver 10,000 living
speciesThree Distinct
Groups:Anthozoa (Corals and
sea anemones)Hydrozoa(Hydroids)Scyphozoa (true jelly
fish)True Jelly
Hydroid
Coral
True Jelly's Only about 100-150 species
known Only two different species:
- both considered comb jelly's
Major Characteristics: Cindaria distinguished by having cells that have
harpoon like or stinging tentacles that are used to eat and to lure prey
basement membranes musclesnervous systems some have sensory organs
Major Characteristics: Ctenophora distinguished from that they
have colloblasts, cells that capture prey by squirting glue on them
1 millimeter to 1.5 meters in size
Most species have “comb rows” which are bands of cilia overlapping around the body
Feeding: CindariaCan feed by: absorbing dissolved organic chemicals filtering food particles out of the water obtaining nutrients from algae within
their cellsSome depend almost completely on
absorbing dissolved nutrients
Feeding: CtenophoraAll are predatorsEat 10 times their body weightEat zooplanktonmollusk fish larvae
Reproduction: CnidariaCan reproduce
sexually and asexuallyThe adults have
gonads, which release ova and sperm into the water in the breeding season
Asexually they produce buds or split right down the middle
Reproduction: Ctenophora Ctenophora Almost all of the
species are hermaphrodites, which means they function as both male and female
Structure / Anatomy: Cnidaria two cell layersFirst is the ectoderm
which includes the epidermis, the nervous tissue
Second is endoderm which includes the gut and associated glands
Ctenophora two cell layers the outer layer of the
epidermis consists of: -sensory cells -secretion - protectionThe inner layer of the
epidermis contains a nerve net and muscles
Skeletal / Muscular: CnidariaThey have a mesoglea is the translucent, jelly-
like substance found between the two epithelial cell layers in the bodies of coelenterates
Mostly waterThe mesoglea has muscle bundles and nerve
fibersWater is used for boyancy
Locomotion: Cinardia swim by a form of jet propulsion muscles squeeze water out of the cavity tissue layers are very thin, its hard to swim
against currents just enough to control movement within
currents
Locomotive: CtenophoraUse combs to swimThey can go in the reverse direction!When trying to escape predators, they can
accelerate to six times its normal speed
Nervous system and sensesCnidaria have no brains or even central nervous systems Instead they have nerve nets consisting of
sensory neurons that generate signals in response to various types of stimulus
Can sense tilt Most species have simple eyes Although the eyes probably do not form
images, they can distinguish the direction as well as navigate around solid-colored objects
Nervous system and scenses Ctenophorahas no brain or central nervous systembut instead have a nerve netThe largest single sensory feature is the aboral
organ Its main component is a statocyst which is a
balance sensor Has cilia which are balancers that sense its
orientation.
RegenerationCnidariaAll can regenerateThis means they can
recover from an injury
reproduce asexuallyThey gather small
pieces or even collections of separated cells
recover even after apparently being destroyed by predators
Ctenophora can’t
Feeding CnardiaWhen prey is
swallowed, it is liquefied by enzymes
Ctenophora
Once the food is in the digestive cavity, gland cells release enzymes that reduce the prey to slurry
RespirationCtenophoraThe resulting slurry is wafted through the canal
system by the beating of the ciliaThe ciliary rosettes in the canals may help to
transport nutrients to muscles in the stomachCnardiaThe slurry circulates through the digestive cavity,
through the connecting tunnelsthe circulation of nutrients is driven by water
currents or by muscular movements Nutrients reach the outer cell layer by diffusion
ExcretionCtenophoraThe anal pores
may eject unwanted small particles, but most unwanted matter is regurgitated via the mouth
CnardiaIndigestible remains
of prey are expelled through the mouth. The main waste product of cells' internal processes is removed by the external and internal water currents
Class: CubozoaBox jellyfishdistinguished by
being cube-shape known for the
extremely potent venom
the most venomous creatures in the world
tings from these are extremely painful and sometimes fatal to humans
Class: Hydrozoaare a taxonomic
class of very small, predatory animals
most living in saltwater
are related to jellyfish and corals
Class: ScyphozoansScyphozoans have no
durable hard parts, including no head, no skeleton and no specialized organs for respiration or excretion
consist of as much as 99% water and therefore are rarely found in fossil form
Class: TentaculataA class of comb
jelliescommon feature is a
pair of long, feathery, contractile tentacles
the tentacles are sticky-tipped cells that trap small prey