Introduction to Renal Physiology

Dr. Sumera Gul

Associate Professor

Department of Physiology

Renal Physiology 1

Learning Objectives

At the end of the session, the students should be able to:

• Explain the physiological anatomy of Urinary System

• Enlist the functions of Kidneys

• Differentiate between types of nephrons

• Explain the terms filtration, reabsorption, secretion and excretion.

Review

• Role of water in body

• Body fluid compartments

• Measurement of fluid compartments

• Water balance

• Dehydration

• Edema

Urinary system

Functions of kidney ???

Functions of Kidney

Waste elimination

Control of body fluids

Electrolyte balance and Acid base balance

Regulation of blood pressure

Secretion metabolism and excretion of hormones

Gluconeogenesis

Regulation of red blood cell production

Production of Vitamin D3

Regulate

– plasma ionic composition

– plasma volume

– plasma osmolarity

– plasma pH

– metabolic waste excretion

– blood pressure

– RBC production

– hormone synthesis

– gluconeogenesis

Products cleared

• Urea…from a.a

• Creatinine…from muscle

• Uric acid…from nucleic acids

• Bilirubin…from hemoglobin

• Hormone metabolites

• Drug metabolites

• Food additives

Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings.

Cortical/Juxtamedullary Nephrons

Figure 18.4

Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings.

Renal Corpuscle

Figure 18.8 (1 of 3)

Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings.

Renal Corpuscle

Figure 18.8 (2 of 3)

Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings.

Juxtaglomerular Apparatus

Figure 18.5

Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings.

Renal Exchange Processes

Figure 18.7