SEC:A PGDM SEM I: MAISM

Introduction to computer

Submitted by : aashish.c ashish.m

Abhijeet.g Ankit.j

abhay.j

SEC:A PGDM SEM I: MAISM

CONTENT• WHAT IS COMPUTER?• WHY COMPUTER?• COMPUTER COMPONENT• DATA & INFORMATION• INPUT DEVICES• OUTPUT DEVICES• TYPES OF COMPUTER

SEC:A PGDM SEM I: MAISM

WHAT IS COMPUTER ?• A computer is an electronic machine or

device executing the instruction in a program .• A computer can accept data, manipulate or

process the data, produce result, and store the results.

COMPUTER

SEC:A PGDM SEM I: MAISM

What is computer ?

• A computer is an automatic electronic apparatus used for making calculations or controlling operations that are expressible in numerical or logical terminology.

• In other words a computer is defined as a electronic device used to carry out mathematical and non- mathematical operations with the help of the programs.

SEC:A PGDM SEM I: MAISM

Contd……………….

A program is a sequence of instruction which operates on data to perform certain task.

SEC:A PGDM SEM I: MAISM

Why computer ?

Today we are living in the age of MACHINE AND TIME. When we work manually, it takes a lot of time and in order to save this time we need computers.

To save time & better performance.To avoid errors/mistakes.To get the output as hardcopy(print out) and

soft copy in desired format.

SEC:A PGDM SEM I: MAISM

cont

To store huge amount of data easily & conveniently.

To establish a fast communication of data/ information.

To minimize the redundancy of data.

SEC:A PGDM SEM I: MAISM

Computer component Output devices

Output devices Input devices

Storage unit

System unit

SEC:A PGDM SEM I: MAISM

DATA &INFORMATION

Data

Computer

+program

Information

•Data Raw facts, figures and symbols.

•Information organized,meaningful,and more useful

SEC:A PGDM SEM I: MAISM

Input devicesTo get data and instructions into the

computer.• Keyboard• Mouse• Micro phone(audio data)• PC camera(video data)• Scanner(image input)

SEC:A PGDM SEM I: MAISM

Output devicesMonitor

Printer

Speaker

SEC:A PGDM SEM I: MAISM

monitor• Monitor : It is a piece of electronic equipment

which display images generated by computer devices.

• Classification of monitor based on colourI. Monochrome II. Gray scaleIII. Colour.

SEC:A PGDM SEM I: MAISM

Contd………………….

• Based on signals:I. Digital monitor

ex : score board in cricket matchII. Analog monitor ex: monitor based on CRT

technology.

SEC:A PGDM SEM I: MAISM

printer• Impact printer: Impact printer use the familiar

typewriter approach which cause hammer or pins to strike against a ribbon and paper to print the text, type of impact printer are

I. character printersII. Line printer

SEC:A PGDM SEM I: MAISM

Contd………

• Non impact printer: These printer use non-

impact technology such as ink-jet or laser technology. These printer provides better quality of output at higher speed , type of non-impact printer are

I. Character printerII. Page printer

SEC:A PGDM SEM I: MAISM

Types of computer

According to data processing

mode/logic/manufacturing principle

Analog

DigitalHybrid

SEC:A PGDM SEM I: MAISM

According to the data processing

mode/logic/manufacturing principle

SEC:A PGDM SEM I: MAISM

.

Analog computer:- These computer are used for measuring

purpose rather than counting. Analog computers deal with continuous data. They are used for measurement of a physical quantity. The output readings of these computer are generally on dials or graphs.

SEC:A PGDM SEM I: MAISM

• Analog computer process physical data to mathematical equations.

• They are mostly used for differential equations.

• The accuracy of analog computer is very high.• Example:- In petrol pump, Automobile

speedometers.

SEC:A PGDM SEM I: MAISM

Digital computers:-

• Digital computers operates on discrete data values. These values are countable instead of measurable

• Digital computer performs each and every operations in the form of binary words(string of zeros and ones).

• These are high speed programmable electronic devices that perform arithmetical, logical operations and store the results.

SEC:A PGDM SEM I: MAISM

Cont…………….

• Digital computer are most widely used computer in the world.

• Example: personal computers(pc) score board in the cricket match.

SEC:A PGDM SEM I: MAISM

TYPES OF DIGITAL COMPUTER:

• General purpose digital computers: ex: Accounting banking, payroll.

• Special purpose digital computers: ex: American atomic submarines.

SEC:A PGDM SEM I: MAISM

HYBRID COMPUTERS:

• Digital computer are made by combining the best features of digital computers as well as analog computer.

• The digital computer gives better accuracy and analog computer gives better speed, therefore the hybrid computer includes both features, speed and accuracy.

SEC:A PGDM SEM I: MAISM

Contd………….

• These computers are extensively used for those applications in which the input is received in analog form from various resources and converted in to digital form for further processing.

• Example: In the ICU, of a hospital

SEC:A PGDM SEM I: MAISM

types of computer

According to size/function/c

ost

Micro

Mini

Mainframe

Super

SEC:A PGDM SEM I: MAISM

ACCORDING TO SIZE\FUNCTION\COST

SEC:A PGDM SEM I: MAISM

MICRO COMPUTER• A micro computer is the cheapest and the

smallest of all the computers.• A micro computer has a microprocessor chip

as its CPU, these microprocessor are programmed at the time of manufacturing and are connected to the peripheral devices.

SEC:A PGDM SEM I: MAISM

CONTD……………..

• A microprocessor is a digital device which has millions of logical circuit, these circuit are made up of transistors these transistors are mounted on very thin semiconductor silicon chips

SEC:A PGDM SEM I: MAISM

MINI COMPUTER• Mini computer are general purpose computers whose

storage capacity is more than micro computer. • In size these are larger than microcomputer but

smaller than mainframe computer.• Mini computer are generally used where large number

of people have to work on different terminals having same job, such as statistical analysis, telephone or electricity billing.

• Some example of mini computers are HONEYWELL,PDPII/70.

SEC:A PGDM SEM I: MAISM

MAINFRAME COMPUTER• Mainframe computer are also called as mini

computer. These are very large computers in size.• The memory size of these computer is 16GB or

even more.• The cost of mainframe computers varies from

10lahks to crores.• Some organizations where the mainframe

computer are installed are IITs, BHEL etc.

SEC:A PGDM SEM I: MAISM

Super computer• Super computer also known as maxi computer.• These computer are the most sophisticated

machines used for special purpose applications such as weather forecasting, missile, atomic experiments.

• The speed of super computer is measured in billions instructions per seconds(BIPS).

• Super computer contains a number of CPUs which operates in parallel to make it faster.

SEC:A PGDM SEM I: MAISM

THANK YOU