Introduction to computer
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Transcript of Introduction to computer
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Introduction to computer
Submitted by : aashish.c ashish.m
Abhijeet.g Ankit.j
abhay.j
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CONTENT• WHAT IS COMPUTER?• WHY COMPUTER?• COMPUTER COMPONENT• DATA & INFORMATION• INPUT DEVICES• OUTPUT DEVICES• TYPES OF COMPUTER
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WHAT IS COMPUTER ?• A computer is an electronic machine or
device executing the instruction in a program .• A computer can accept data, manipulate or
process the data, produce result, and store the results.
COMPUTER
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What is computer ?
• A computer is an automatic electronic apparatus used for making calculations or controlling operations that are expressible in numerical or logical terminology.
• In other words a computer is defined as a electronic device used to carry out mathematical and non- mathematical operations with the help of the programs.
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Contd……………….
A program is a sequence of instruction which operates on data to perform certain task.
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Why computer ?
Today we are living in the age of MACHINE AND TIME. When we work manually, it takes a lot of time and in order to save this time we need computers.
To save time & better performance.To avoid errors/mistakes.To get the output as hardcopy(print out) and
soft copy in desired format.
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cont
To store huge amount of data easily & conveniently.
To establish a fast communication of data/ information.
To minimize the redundancy of data.
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Computer component Output devices
Output devices Input devices
Storage unit
System unit
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DATA &INFORMATION
Data
Computer
+program
Information
•Data Raw facts, figures and symbols.
•Information organized,meaningful,and more useful
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Input devicesTo get data and instructions into the
computer.• Keyboard• Mouse• Micro phone(audio data)• PC camera(video data)• Scanner(image input)
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Output devicesMonitor
Printer
Speaker
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monitor• Monitor : It is a piece of electronic equipment
which display images generated by computer devices.
• Classification of monitor based on colourI. Monochrome II. Gray scaleIII. Colour.
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Contd………………….
• Based on signals:I. Digital monitor
ex : score board in cricket matchII. Analog monitor ex: monitor based on CRT
technology.
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printer• Impact printer: Impact printer use the familiar
typewriter approach which cause hammer or pins to strike against a ribbon and paper to print the text, type of impact printer are
I. character printersII. Line printer
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Contd………
• Non impact printer: These printer use non-
impact technology such as ink-jet or laser technology. These printer provides better quality of output at higher speed , type of non-impact printer are
I. Character printerII. Page printer
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Types of computer
According to data processing
mode/logic/manufacturing principle
Analog
DigitalHybrid
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According to the data processing
mode/logic/manufacturing principle
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.
Analog computer:- These computer are used for measuring
purpose rather than counting. Analog computers deal with continuous data. They are used for measurement of a physical quantity. The output readings of these computer are generally on dials or graphs.
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• Analog computer process physical data to mathematical equations.
• They are mostly used for differential equations.
• The accuracy of analog computer is very high.• Example:- In petrol pump, Automobile
speedometers.
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Digital computers:-
• Digital computers operates on discrete data values. These values are countable instead of measurable
• Digital computer performs each and every operations in the form of binary words(string of zeros and ones).
• These are high speed programmable electronic devices that perform arithmetical, logical operations and store the results.
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Cont…………….
• Digital computer are most widely used computer in the world.
• Example: personal computers(pc) score board in the cricket match.
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TYPES OF DIGITAL COMPUTER:
• General purpose digital computers: ex: Accounting banking, payroll.
• Special purpose digital computers: ex: American atomic submarines.
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HYBRID COMPUTERS:
• Digital computer are made by combining the best features of digital computers as well as analog computer.
• The digital computer gives better accuracy and analog computer gives better speed, therefore the hybrid computer includes both features, speed and accuracy.
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Contd………….
• These computers are extensively used for those applications in which the input is received in analog form from various resources and converted in to digital form for further processing.
• Example: In the ICU, of a hospital
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types of computer
According to size/function/c
ost
Micro
Mini
Mainframe
Super
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ACCORDING TO SIZE\FUNCTION\COST
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MICRO COMPUTER• A micro computer is the cheapest and the
smallest of all the computers.• A micro computer has a microprocessor chip
as its CPU, these microprocessor are programmed at the time of manufacturing and are connected to the peripheral devices.
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CONTD……………..
• A microprocessor is a digital device which has millions of logical circuit, these circuit are made up of transistors these transistors are mounted on very thin semiconductor silicon chips
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MINI COMPUTER• Mini computer are general purpose computers whose
storage capacity is more than micro computer. • In size these are larger than microcomputer but
smaller than mainframe computer.• Mini computer are generally used where large number
of people have to work on different terminals having same job, such as statistical analysis, telephone or electricity billing.
• Some example of mini computers are HONEYWELL,PDPII/70.
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MAINFRAME COMPUTER• Mainframe computer are also called as mini
computer. These are very large computers in size.• The memory size of these computer is 16GB or
even more.• The cost of mainframe computers varies from
10lahks to crores.• Some organizations where the mainframe
computer are installed are IITs, BHEL etc.
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Super computer• Super computer also known as maxi computer.• These computer are the most sophisticated
machines used for special purpose applications such as weather forecasting, missile, atomic experiments.
• The speed of super computer is measured in billions instructions per seconds(BIPS).
• Super computer contains a number of CPUs which operates in parallel to make it faster.
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THANK YOU