Metro Architecture: Challenges, opportunities and lessons learned.

Gruffudd ab Owain Executive Principal, Aedas Pte Ltd Singapore

Topics: •Overview and introduction •Singapore MRT system •Design principles and process •Case studies •A brief overview of TOD in S E Asia

Metro Experience-

Selected projects

SYMBOLOGY

West Kowloon Terminus, Hong Kong , PRC

1 5 6

3 4

2

West Kowloon Terminus, Hong Kong , PRC

Singapore

Singapore – City State

Population: 5.46 Million residents Area: 718.3 sq km Density: 7,615/sq km (3rd) GDP Per capita: $64,584 (3rd) Human Development Index: 0.901 (very high)

Current and future confirmed lines

"SGMRT-LRT-Future map" by Seloloving

Existing lines No of Stations Length

Compass Lines (NS EW); North East Line; Circle Line Downtown Line

108 152km

Current and future confirmed lines

Future Lines Operational date No of Stations Length

Downtown Line 2016 - 2024 30 37km

Thompson East Coast Line 2019 - 2024 31 43km

Jurong Region line 2025 25 20km

Cross Island Line 2030 32 50km

Total 118 150km

"SGMRT-LRT-Future map" by Seloloving

Existing lines No of Stations Length

Compass Lines (NS EW); North East Line; Circle Line Downtown Line

108 152km

Cross Island Line High Speed Rail

Design Principles – Best practice

Lessons learned

Fire and Life issues

• NFPA 130

• FSRTS Code

Pedroute analysis •Steps •Legion •Exodus

Image courtesy of Systematica

Finishes

Signage

Acoustics

Maintenance and Access Strategy

Day lighting

Sustainability and Greenmark

Commercial Spaces

Station Identity

Station Artwork

Future Development Interfaces – TOD opportunities

• Esplanade – South Beach and Suntec • One North – Fusionopolis and FX 5 • Outram - Dorsett residences • Buona Vista – The Star • Bayfront - Marina Bay Sands • Woodlands – Causeway Point

VARIES, NOM 25m

~3.25m

~3m

~5.6m

~1.7m

~3.25m ~6m

~17.2m

Understanding structural principles

Deep Cavern – mined solutions Cut and Cover – bottom up solutions

Typical Top Down Construction Sequence Understanding structural principles

-Top down construction

Typical Top Down Construction Sequence

1. Install Diaphragm Walls, Soldier Pile Wall to Required Depth. 2. Install Soil Improvement to Design Level. 3. Install Bored Piles and Plunge-In Columns. 4. Excavate to 1.0 m Below 1st Layer Strut and Install S1. 5. Excavate 0.1 m Below Soffit of Roof Slab. Cast Roof Beam & Slab. 6. Remove S1 and Cut Guide Columns to Roof Level. 7. Excavate to 0.1 m Below Soffit of Concourse Slab. Cast Concourse Beam & Slab.

S1

Roof Level

8. Excavate to 0.1 m Below Soffit of Upper Under Platform Slab. Cast Upper Under Platform Beam & Slab.

9. Excavate to 0.1 m Below Base Slab Level and Hack the Sacrificial Ground Improvement. Cast Base Slab.

Base Level

10. Excavate to 0.1 m Below Soffit of Pit Slab. Cast Pit Slab.

Pit Slab Level 11. Cast Column and Slab Opening from Base Level to Roof.

Upper Under Platform Level

Concourse Level

12. Backfill to Ground Level and Cut D-Wall (2.0 m Down).

Courtesy of AECOM SINGAPORE

Understanding structural principles

-Top down construction

Parametric and iterative design concepts

BIM and the coordination process

BIM and the coordination process

BIM and the coordination process

BIM and the coordination process

Projects – Bayfront Station

Preparing for TOD: Masterplanning outcomes

How is Transit Oriented Development Implemented Planning Policy - MARINA BAY

How is Transit Oriented Development Implemented Planning Policy - MARINA BAY

How is Transit Oriented Development Implemented Planning Policy

How is Transit Oriented Development Implemented Planning Policy

How is Transit Oriented Development Implemented Planning Policy

How is Transit Oriented Development Implemented Planning Policy

How is Transit Oriented Development Implemented Planning Policy

Hotel and Skypark

MICE Casino Theatres Museum

Bayfront Station Layout

Bayfront MRT Station - Sections

The Marina Bay SandsTM

Integrated Resort, Singapore

Bayfront MRT Station View from Concourse to Platform Area

The Marina Bay SandsTM

Integrated Resort, Singapore

Projects – Thompson Line

Thompson Line

T20 –Marina Bay interchange

NORTH SOUTH LINE

NORTH SOUTH LINE

T17 – Outram Interchange MRT

The growing importance of TOD

Transit Oriented Development Projects

Definitions

TOD TAD TED

Definitions

What is TOD

Transit Oriented Development; projects integrated

directly above a single or multi-modal station. “a mixed use community that encourages people to live near transit services and to decrease their dependence to driving” (Peter Calthorpe “The New American Metropolis” 1983)

Definitions

What is TOD

What is TAD

Transit Oriented Development; projects integrated

directly above a single or multi-modal station. “a mixed use community that encourages people to live near transit services and to decrease their dependence to driving” (Peter Calthorpe “The New American Metropolis” 1983)

Transit Adjacent Developments; projects

located on sites contiguous to, and not above multi modal transit stations

Definitions

What is TOD

What is TED

Transit Oriented Development; projects integrated

directly above a single or multi-modal station. “a mixed use community that encourages people to live near transit services and to decrease their dependence to driving” (Peter Calthorpe “The New American Metropolis” 1983)

Transit Environment Districts; projects located

within about a 400m radius of a subway or light rail station and or 200m from a bus stop.

What is TAD

Transit Adjacent Developments; projects

located on sites contiguous to, and not above multi modal transit stations

Transit and TOD Evolution Creating TOD oportunities

Transit Oriented Development Projects

Transit and TOD Evolution Creating TOD oportunities

Transit Oriented Development Projects

Transit and TOD Evolution Creating TOD oportunities

Transit Oriented Development Projects

Transit and TOD Evolution Creating TOD oportunities

Transit Oriented Development Projects

Transit Oriented Development Projects

Station Concept alignment

Basement Level 2

Notional Car Parking requirement MRT platform level

Basement Level 1

Notional Car Parking requirement MRT concourse level with paid link to above grade Possible retail / Food court

Level 1

Hotel Arrival Hall Residential arrival hall Main retail circulation Retail areas in blue F&B, meet and greet area around double height atrium Office Arrival Address

Level 2

Hotel Facilities Residential arrival hall Main retail circulation Retail areas in blue F&B, meet and greet area around double height atrium Office conference facilities

Level 4

Hotel amenities Residential common facilities Podium roof with private access for residential units (pools etc) Office conference facilities

Five Star Hotel

Five star hotel, main accommodation block with roof top pools, bar, exclusive dining.

Residential component

Notional residential towers, two apartments per floor

Residential component (rotated view)

Commercial Office component

Notional office tower

Paid Unpaid

116

Paid and unpaid links

TAD - Transit Adjacent Development

The Star, Singapore

The Star, Singapore

Thank you. Gruffudd.owain@aedas.com

“All of humanity now has the option to “make it” successfully and sustainably by virtue of our having minds, discovering principles and being able to employ these principles to do more with less” – R Buckminster Fuller