What different interpretations exist on Owain Glyndŵr and his rebellion ?

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Write descriptions of differing interpretations of Write descriptions of differing interpretations of Owain Glyndŵr .Owain Glyndŵr .

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Give an explanation of why different historical Give an explanation of why different historical interpretations might be produced.interpretations might be produced.

Use appropriate dates and historical terms.Use appropriate dates and historical terms.Click to revealClick to reveal

Suitably structure your work.Suitably structure your work.

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Source BSource BSource ASource A

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[[The Welsh BBC newsreader Huw Edwards commenting after readers of the Daily Post newspaper voted Owain

Glyndŵr the greatest North Walian (2010)]]


Describe the interpretation. What does the source tell me about the Glyndŵr ?W

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What evidence may have been looked at and how this might explain how the interpretation was produced?

So Owain Glyndŵr is the ‘greatest-ever North Walian’? So Owain Glyndŵr is the ‘greatest-ever North Walian’? Wrong. He’s the greatest-ever Welshman in my book … It’s Wrong. He’s the greatest-ever Welshman in my book … It’s not widely understood today that most of Wales stood with not widely understood today that most of Wales stood with Glyndwr in his long rebellion against English rule. His Glyndwr in his long rebellion against English rule. His qualities as a leader and strategist were truly extraordinary. qualities as a leader and strategist were truly extraordinary. Before the creation of the National Assembly in 1999, Before the creation of the National Assembly in 1999, Owain’s Parliament was the only meaningful national forum Owain’s Parliament was the only meaningful national forum in Welsh history. Owain disappeared into the mists of time, in Welsh history. Owain disappeared into the mists of time, but his spirit still inspires many of us today.but his spirit still inspires many of us today.

So Owain Glyndŵr is the ‘greatest-ever North Walian’? So Owain Glyndŵr is the ‘greatest-ever North Walian’? Wrong. He’s the greatest-ever Welshman in my book … It’s Wrong. He’s the greatest-ever Welshman in my book … It’s not widely understood today that most of Wales stood with not widely understood today that most of Wales stood with Glyndwr in his long rebellion against English rule. His Glyndwr in his long rebellion against English rule. His qualities as a leader and strategist were truly extraordinary. qualities as a leader and strategist were truly extraordinary. Before the creation of the National Assembly in 1999, Before the creation of the National Assembly in 1999, Owain’s Parliament was the only meaningful national forum Owain’s Parliament was the only meaningful national forum in Welsh history. Owain disappeared into the mists of time, in Welsh history. Owain disappeared into the mists of time, but his spirit still inspires many of us today.but his spirit still inspires many of us today.

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Glyndŵr, the ‘Welsh prince’ was only distantly related Glyndŵr, the ‘Welsh prince’ was only distantly related to the Welsh princes. He was in fact English and was a to the Welsh princes. He was in fact English and was a barbarous thug who raped and murdered innocent barbarous thug who raped and murdered innocent people, including innocent Welsh people. Do we really people, including innocent Welsh people. Do we really need to fly flags for this barbarian? We need to need to fly flags for this barbarian? We need to remember him as he was in history and not as some remember him as he was in history and not as some fairytale thought up by Welsh nationalists. Who in their fairytale thought up by Welsh nationalists. Who in their right mind would want their child brought up to look up right mind would want their child brought up to look up to such a figure?to such a figure?

Glyndŵr, the ‘Welsh prince’ was only distantly related Glyndŵr, the ‘Welsh prince’ was only distantly related to the Welsh princes. He was in fact English and was a to the Welsh princes. He was in fact English and was a barbarous thug who raped and murdered innocent barbarous thug who raped and murdered innocent people, including innocent Welsh people. Do we really people, including innocent Welsh people. Do we really need to fly flags for this barbarian? We need to need to fly flags for this barbarian? We need to remember him as he was in history and not as some remember him as he was in history and not as some fairytale thought up by Welsh nationalists. Who in their fairytale thought up by Welsh nationalists. Who in their right mind would want their child brought up to look up right mind would want their child brought up to look up to such a figure?to such a figure?

[Gaynor, an English woman from Llanelli, writing on an internet message board set up to gather public opinion over whether there

should be a special Glyndŵr Day in Wales (2008)]


Describe the interpretation. What does the source tell me about the Glyndŵr ?W

ho

is

th

e a

uth

or?

Wh

at

do

th

ey

do

?W

he

n w

as

the

so

urc

e w

ritten

? W

ha

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ht h

av

e in

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What evidence may have been looked at and how this might explain how the interpretation was produced?

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So Owain Glyndŵr is the ‘greatest-ever North Walian’? Wrong. So Owain Glyndŵr is the ‘greatest-ever North Walian’? Wrong. He’s the greatest-ever Welshman in my book … It’s not widely He’s the greatest-ever Welshman in my book … It’s not widely understood today that most of Wales stood with Glyndwr in his understood today that most of Wales stood with Glyndwr in his long rebellion against English rule. His qualities as a leader and long rebellion against English rule. His qualities as a leader and strategist were truly extraordinary. Before the creation of the strategist were truly extraordinary. Before the creation of the National Assembly in 1999, Owain’s Parliament was the only National Assembly in 1999, Owain’s Parliament was the only meaningful national forum in Welsh history. Owain disappeared meaningful national forum in Welsh history. Owain disappeared into the mists of time, but his spirit still inspires many of us into the mists of time, but his spirit still inspires many of us today.today.

So Owain Glyndŵr is the ‘greatest-ever North Walian’? Wrong. So Owain Glyndŵr is the ‘greatest-ever North Walian’? Wrong. He’s the greatest-ever Welshman in my book … It’s not widely He’s the greatest-ever Welshman in my book … It’s not widely understood today that most of Wales stood with Glyndwr in his understood today that most of Wales stood with Glyndwr in his long rebellion against English rule. His qualities as a leader and long rebellion against English rule. His qualities as a leader and strategist were truly extraordinary. Before the creation of the strategist were truly extraordinary. Before the creation of the National Assembly in 1999, Owain’s Parliament was the only National Assembly in 1999, Owain’s Parliament was the only meaningful national forum in Welsh history. Owain disappeared meaningful national forum in Welsh history. Owain disappeared into the mists of time, but his spirit still inspires many of us into the mists of time, but his spirit still inspires many of us today.today.

Describe the interpretation. What does the source tell me about the Glyndŵr ?Describe the interpretation. What does the source tell me about the Glyndŵr ?

Source ASource A

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Read the information below and to try and help you understand something of the actions of Owain Glyndŵr.

Owain Glyndŵr seen with an orb and sceptre

Source: Wikimedia Commons

Owain GlyndŵrOwain Glyndŵr was born in the 1350s. He was born in the 1350s. He was educated in England, joining the was educated in England, joining the English army and taking part in an invasion English army and taking part in an invasion of Scotland before retiring to his family of Scotland before retiring to his family estates in Wales. estates in Wales. A land dispute with his neighbour, A land dispute with his neighbour, Reginald de Grey, saw GlyndŵrReginald de Grey, saw Glyndŵr lead a lead a rebellion. In September Glyndŵrrebellion. In September Glyndŵr proclaimed proclaimed himself prince of Wales. This led to himself prince of Wales. This led to rebellions throughout Wales against English rebellions throughout Wales against English rule. Supported by the French, Glyndŵrrule. Supported by the French, Glyndŵr was to rule much of Wales.was to rule much of Wales. However, by 1408, the English had However, by 1408, the English had regained control of Wales, and support for regained control of Wales, and support for the revolt faded. Glyndŵrthe revolt faded. Glyndŵr now went on the now went on the run. The last mention of him was in 1416.run. The last mention of him was in 1416.


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[[The Welsh BBC newsreader Huw Edwards commenting after readers of the

Daily Post newspaper voted Owain Glyndŵr the greatest North Walian (2010)]]

Who is the author? What do they do?Who is the author? What do they do?

Source ASource A

WelshWelshWelshWelsh

BBCBBCnewsreadernewsreader

BBCBBCnewsreadernewsreader

Daily PostDaily PostnewspapernewspaperDaily PostDaily Postnewspapernewspaper

AnswersAnswers

Click the tabs to match the terms on the left with an explanation on the right.

A regional newspaper for North Wales whoseA regional newspaper for North Wales whose

articles mainly deal with Welsh news.articles mainly deal with Welsh news.

May lead to cultural bias which means interpretingMay lead to cultural bias which means interpreting

and judging events from an English point of view. and judging events from an English point of view.




and judging events from an English point of view.and judging events from an English point of view.

Means he is knowledgeable but not aMeans he is knowledgeable but not ahistorian.historian.







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When was the source written? What might have influenced the author?When was the source written? What might have influenced the author?

Source ASource A AnswersAnswers

Written after vast amounts ofWritten after vast amounts ofresearch has been carried out.research has been carried out.Written after vast amounts ofWritten after vast amounts ofresearch has been carried out.research has been carried out.

The fact that this was 600 yearsThe fact that this was 600 yearsafter Glyndŵr, shows howafter Glyndŵr, shows howsignificant a figure he was.significant a figure he was.

The fact that this was 600 yearsThe fact that this was 600 yearsafter Glyndŵr, shows howafter Glyndŵr, shows howsignificant a figure he was.significant a figure he was.

It was the 600It was the 600thth anniversary of anniversary ofGlyndŵr’s death.Glyndŵr’s death.

It was the 600It was the 600thth anniversary of anniversary ofGlyndŵr’s death.Glyndŵr’s death.

By this time there were strongBy this time there were strongviews on Welsh identity and peopleviews on Welsh identity and people

were proud to be Welsh.were proud to be Welsh.

By this time there were strongBy this time there were strongviews on Welsh identity and peopleviews on Welsh identity and people

were proud to be Welsh.were proud to be Welsh.

Edwards a well respectedEdwards a well respectednewsreader had also presented newsreader had also presented

historical programmes for BBC Wales.historical programmes for BBC Wales.

Edwards a well respectedEdwards a well respectednewsreader had also presented newsreader had also presented

historical programmes for BBC Wales.historical programmes for BBC Wales.

This was 600 years after GlyndŵrThis was 600 years after Glyndŵrso was unreliable. so was unreliable.

This was 600 years after GlyndŵrThis was 600 years after Glyndŵrso was unreliable. so was unreliable.

Click on the tabs to change to the correct colour.

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What evidence may have been looked at and how this might explain how the interpretation was produced?What evidence may have been looked at and how this might explain how the interpretation was produced?

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Views may have been formed when Edwards produced a documentary on Owain Glyndŵr

Views may have been formed when Edwards produced a documentary on Owain Glyndŵr

Edward’s had little knowledge of the periodEdward’s had little knowledge of the periodEdward’s had little knowledge of the periodEdward’s had little knowledge of the period

Edward’s would have access to writingsEdward’s would have access to writingsof many historiansof many historians

Edward’s would have access to writingsEdward’s would have access to writingsof many historiansof many historians

Many English and Welsh historians have written

about Glyndwr.

In 2007 Edward’s produced a60 minute programme on Glyndŵr for BBC Wales.

Click on the statements that you believe to be true.

Although not a historian, Edward’s has read widely on

Welsh history.

This was part of a pollThis was part of a pollThis was part of a pollThis was part of a pollA poll shows the opinion

of only those who choose to vote.

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Glyndŵr, the ‘Welsh prince’ was only distantly related to the Glyndŵr, the ‘Welsh prince’ was only distantly related to the Welsh princes. He was in fact English and was a barbarous thug Welsh princes. He was in fact English and was a barbarous thug who raped and murdered innocent people, including innocent who raped and murdered innocent people, including innocent Welsh people. Do we really need to fly flags for this barbarian? Welsh people. Do we really need to fly flags for this barbarian? We need to remember him as he was in history and not as some We need to remember him as he was in history and not as some fairytale thought up by Welsh nationalists. Who in their right fairytale thought up by Welsh nationalists. Who in their right mind would want their child brought up to look up to such a mind would want their child brought up to look up to such a figure?figure?

Glyndŵr, the ‘Welsh prince’ was only distantly related to the Glyndŵr, the ‘Welsh prince’ was only distantly related to the Welsh princes. He was in fact English and was a barbarous thug Welsh princes. He was in fact English and was a barbarous thug who raped and murdered innocent people, including innocent who raped and murdered innocent people, including innocent Welsh people. Do we really need to fly flags for this barbarian? Welsh people. Do we really need to fly flags for this barbarian? We need to remember him as he was in history and not as some We need to remember him as he was in history and not as some fairytale thought up by Welsh nationalists. Who in their right fairytale thought up by Welsh nationalists. Who in their right mind would want their child brought up to look up to such a mind would want their child brought up to look up to such a figure?figure?


Source BSource B

NGfL CYMRUGCaDDescribe the interpretation. What does the source tell me about the Glyndŵr?Describe the interpretation. What does the source tell me about the Glyndŵr?

Click to reveal questionClick to reveal question

Click to reveal questionClick to reveal question

NGfL CYMRUGCaDWho was affected by Glyndŵr’s actions?Who was affected by Glyndŵr’s actions?

English borough towns and castleswere attacked continually.

English borough towns and castleswere attacked continually.

These towns were built and settled by the English after Edward’s Conquest . These were continually attacked by both sides.

Study the statements below. You now need to decide who would have been affected by the Study the statements below. You now need to decide who would have been affected by the Welsh rebellion. Click on the tabs below to change to the correct colour. Click Welsh rebellion. Click on the tabs below to change to the correct colour. Click ?? to check to check

answersanswers

Rebel leaders were caught andRebel leaders were caught andexecuted.executed.

Rebel leaders were caught andRebel leaders were caught andexecuted.executed.

English forces in an effort to put down the rebellion captured rebel leaders who were

tried and then hanged.

The Battle of Mynydd Hyddgen,The Battle of Mynydd Hyddgen,June 1401June 1401

The Battle of Mynydd Hyddgen,The Battle of Mynydd Hyddgen,June 1401June 1401

An Anglo-Flemish force of some 1500 men attacked Owain Glyndŵr and his 500 men

on Mynydd Hyddgen. Glyndŵr escaped.

The Battle of Pilleth on The Battle of Pilleth on Bryn Glas Hill in 1402Bryn Glas Hill in 1402

The Battle of Pilleth on The Battle of Pilleth on Bryn Glas Hill in 1402Bryn Glas Hill in 1402

English forces under Edmund Mortimer were defeated in Mid-Wales. Glyndŵr showed

himself to be a master tactician.

Welsh towns such as LlanrwstWelsh towns such as Llanrwstwere destroyed by English forces.were destroyed by English forces.

Welsh towns such as LlanrwstWelsh towns such as Llanrwstwere destroyed by English forces.were destroyed by English forces.

There not many alive in 1998 but their accounts had been recorded by many

historians.

In 1402 Penal Laws were passedIn 1402 Penal Laws were passedagainst the Welsh.against the Welsh.

In 1402 Penal Laws were passedIn 1402 Penal Laws were passedagainst the Welsh.against the Welsh.

The Welsh were banned from public office, carrying arms or buying property in English

towns. Other rights were also restricted.

Civilian = person who is not a soldierCivilian = person who is not a soldier

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[Gaynor, an English woman from Llanelli, writing on an internet message board set up to

gather public opinion over whether there should be a special Glyndŵr Day in Wales

(2008)]

Meant that the interpretation was not producedMeant that the interpretation was not producedby a specialist historian.by a specialist historian.

Who is the author? What do they do?Who is the author? What do they do?

Internet messageInternet messageboardboard

Internet messageInternet messageboardboard

Public opinionPublic opinionPublic opinionPublic opinion

English WomanEnglish WomanEnglish WomanEnglish Woman A discussion anyone could contribute to it andA discussion anyone could contribute to it andpoints made would not have to be supported.points made would not have to be supported.

AnswersAnswers

A discussion anyone could contribute to it andA discussion anyone could contribute to it andpoints made would not have to be supported.points made would not have to be supported.

A discussion anyone could contribute to it andA discussion anyone could contribute to it andpoints made would not have to be supported.points made would not have to be supported.





Source BSource BClick the tabs to match the terms on the left with an explanation on the right.


and judging events from an English point of view. and judging events from an English point of view. Meant that the interpretation was not producedMeant that the interpretation was not produced

by a specialist historian.by a specialist historian.Meant that the interpretation was not producedMeant that the interpretation was not produced

by a specialist historian.by a specialist historian.

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[Gaynor, a woman from Llanelli, writing on an internet message board set up to gather public opinion over whether there should be a special

Glyndŵr Day in Wales (2008)]

When was the source written? What might have influenced the author?When was the source written? What might have influenced the author?

AnswersAnswers

The writer might be influenced byThe writer might be influenced bythe fact that they were English.the fact that they were English.

The writer might be influenced byThe writer might be influenced bythe fact that they were English.the fact that they were English.

The writer wants to show a differentThe writer wants to show a differentpoint of view to people who arepoint of view to people who are

Welsh nationalists.Welsh nationalists.

The writer wants to show a differentThe writer wants to show a differentpoint of view to people who arepoint of view to people who are

Welsh nationalists.Welsh nationalists.

There is little evidence of theThere is little evidence of theactions of Glyndŵr.actions of Glyndŵr.

There is little evidence of theThere is little evidence of theactions of Glyndŵr.actions of Glyndŵr.

The author would have been able to The author would have been able to study a hugestudy a huge

variety of source material.variety of source material.

The author would have been able to The author would have been able to study a hugestudy a huge

variety of source material.variety of source material.

Part of a message board that onlyPart of a message board that onlylooks for people’s opinions and doeslooks for people’s opinions and does

not expect historical evidence.not expect historical evidence.

Part of a message board that onlyPart of a message board that onlylooks for people’s opinions and doeslooks for people’s opinions and does

not expect historical evidence.not expect historical evidence.

Written over 600 years after theWritten over 600 years after theevents so must be less reliable.events so must be less reliable.

Written over 600 years after theWritten over 600 years after theevents so must be less reliable.events so must be less reliable.

Click on the tabs to change to the correct colour.Source BSource B

NGfL CYMRUGCaDWhat evidence may have been looked at and how this might explain how the interpretation was produced?What evidence may have been looked at and how this might explain how the interpretation was produced?

Click on the statements that you believe to be true.

[Gaynor, an English woman from Llanelli, writing on an internet message board set up to

gather public opinion over whether there should be a special Glyndŵr Day in Wales (2008)]

Source BSource B

May have looked at how the rebellion affected more thanjust soldiers.

May have looked at how the rebellion affected more thanjust soldiers.

Gaynor had little knowledge of the periodGaynor had little knowledge of the periodGaynor had little knowledge of the periodGaynor had little knowledge of the period

Gaynor would have access to writingsGaynor would have access to writingsof many historiansof many historians

Gaynor would have access to writingsGaynor would have access to writingsof many historiansof many historians

Many English and Welsh historians have written

about Glyndwr.

During any conflict civilians as well as soldiers are killed.

Although not a historian, Gaynor does refer to actual

facts.

Gaynor was concerned about Welsh nationalismGaynor was concerned about Welsh nationalismGaynor was concerned about Welsh nationalismGaynor was concerned about Welsh nationalismWelsh nationalism means

that some people want Wales to be different to England.

What different interpretations exist on Owain Glyndŵr and his rebellion ?

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