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The Urinary system

The urinary system

1. Quick review of the systems2. Sweat glands3. Urinary system

A) FunctionB) AnatomyC) PhysiologyD) Urine compositionE) ConcentrationF) Diagnosing disease

1. Quick review of the system

1. Quick review of the systems

• A) cellular respiration– We are able to survive because of cellular

respiration (explained by the following formula)

C6H12O6 + O2 CO2 + H2O + energy

1. Quick review of the systems

C6H12O6 O2 CO2 H2O

1. Quick review of the systems

Lungs (O2) + Digestion (Nutrients)

• Cells (location of cellular respiration)

C6H12O6 + O2 CO2 + H2O + water

Lungs (CO2) + Sweat glands and kidneys (H2O)

2. Sweat Glands

Not only for eliminating excess water

2. Sweat Glands

A) Function: - Regulates the internal body temperature- Sweat can be produced as a result of stress,

heat or exercise

B) Anatomy:- Sweat glands are located in the dermis of the

skin (inner most layer)

- Long coiled tube that connects to pores on the skins surface

2. Sweat Glands

C) Types:1. Eccrine sweat glands:

- Located all over, especially hands, feet and forehead

2. Apocrine sweat glands :- Usually ends with a hair

- Larger and sweat produced contains fatty acids and proteins

- When bacteria on the persons hair and skin metabolizes the fatty acids an odor is produced

2. Sweat Glands

• Fun Facts:– We have about 2.6 million sweat glands

– Dogs and cats do not sweat: They pant to regulate their temperature

3. Urinary System

3. Urinary System

A) Function- Produces and expulses urine and other waste products

from the body- Ensures that the volume of the blood and its concentration

remain constant

B) Anatomy1. Kidneys

2. Ureters

3. Bladder

4. Urethra

3. Urinary System1. Kidneys

i) Function:• Regulates the water content in the blood• Filter about 1500 L of blood a day

ii) Appearance:• Looks like a bean• Left kidney higher by 2.5 cm

iii) Each Kidney has three parts• Pelvis• Medulla Nephrons filter the blood• Cortex

3. Urinary System

3. Urinary System

iv) Nephrons:– Working unit of the kidneys

3. Urinary System

2. Ureter- 25 cm long tubes that brings the urine from the

kidneys to the bladder

3. Bladder- Expandable reservoir (1L)

4. Urethra- 3-4 cm long for women: 20 cm long for men- Brings urine out of the body

3. Urinary System

C) Physiology:

3. Urinary System

D) Urine Composition– Urine is a homogeneous mixture:

• 95% of water• 2.5% urea (made from the oxidation of amino

acids)• Minerals• Excess substances

– Drugs and medications– Proteins, glucose, lipids, blood cells (presence of these

components indicates a health problem)

3. Urinary System

E) Concentration

– Definition:• Concentration is the quantity of dissolved solute in a

given amount of solution• Concentrations can be measured in g/L, %

– C=m/V where …C equals the concentration in g/Lm is the mass of solute (g)V is the volume of the solution

(L)

3. Urinary System

F) Dilution– Definition:

• Dilution is the process of decreasing the concentration of a solution by adding solvant (liquid)

– C1V1 = C2V2

• Where C1 is the concentration of the initial solution

V1 is the volume of the initial solution

C2 is the concentration of the final solution

V2 is the volume of the final solution

3. Urinary System

F) Diagnosing Disease– Doctors used to taste urine to diagnose diabetes (it

would be sweeter)

– What about the color?• Green/blue Food coloring• Purple Blackberries• Brown Black water Fever• Orange Carrots• Clear Drank a lot of liquids• Dark Yellow Sweated alot