Post on 22-Jun-2020
、
Development and Prospects of CSP
in China
Sun Rui rsun@eppei.com
Zheng Yunzhe yzzheng@eppei.com
World Bank CSP MENA KIP and STA Workshop
March 6th,2017
Contents
1. Situation & Prospects of Electric Power
2.
3. Role of CSP in Power System
2
Technical Development Situation of CSP
4. Development Prospects of CSP
3
1 Situation & Prospects of Electric Power
1.1 China’s Non-fossil Energy Development Goal
➢ China’s energy development strategy is developing non-fossil
energy and replacing fossil energy gradually, to achieve
sustainable development of economy and reduction of pollution
and CO2 emissions.
➢ By 2030, CO2 emissions will peak and China will try to reach it
ahead of schedule. The CO2 emissions intensity will be reduced
by 60-65% compared with that in 2005.
➢ China is making great efforts to increase the share of non-fossil
energy in primary energy consumption to 15% by 2020, and
20% by 2030.
4
2015年 2020年 2030年
4.44.85
6.0
11.4%15.0%
20.0%
2030
➢ It is forecasted that the total energy consumption will reach 4.85 and 6 billion tons
standard coal by 2020 and 2030 respectively; Non-fossil energy consumption
proportion will be 15% and 20% respectively.
Energy Consumption Forecasts (billion tons standard coal)
Non-fossil energy
Fossil energy
2015 2020
1 Situation & Prospects of Electric Power
1.1 China’s Non-fossil Energy Development Goal
5
1.2 Forecast of Power Generation Structure
➢ The proportion of non-fossil fuels power generation is 31% in 2016. It is expected to
reach 35% and 41% respectively in 2020 and 2030.
1 Situation & Prospects of Electric Power
Coal
65.2%
Hydro
19.7%
Gas
3.1%
Nuclear
3.6%
Wind
4.0%
Coal
50%
Gas
9%
Hydro
17%
Nuclear
12%
Wind
7%
Solar
3%
5.99 TrillionkWh
203020202016
10 TrillionkWh
Coal
60%
Hydro
19%
Gas
5%
Wind
6%
Solar
2%
7 TrillionkWh
Solar1.1%
Nuclear
6%
6
➢ The proportion of non-fossil fuel power capacity is expected to reach 38% and 44%
respectively in 2020 and 2030.
1 中国可再生能源发展现状及展望1 Situation & Prospects of Electric Power
203020202016
Hydro
18.6%
Wind
9.0%
Solar
4.7%Coal
57.3%
Gas
4%
Water
17%
Wind
11%
Solar
5%
Gas
6%
Coa…
Water
15%
Wind
10%
Solar
10%
Gas
10%
Coal
46%
1.65 BillionkW
2 BillionkW
3 BillionkW
Nuclear
3%
Pumped
2%
Pumped
1.6%
Pumped
3%
Nuclear
6%
Nuclear
2%
1.3 Forecast of Power Capacity Structure
7
1.4 Development of Wind Power
29,5846,23
61,4276,52
96,57
131,3148,64
210
300
494 7411030
13831598
1853
2410
4170
6692
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
8000
2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2020 2030
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
Po
wer
Gen
era
tio
n10
8/k
Wh
Insta
lled
Cap
acit
y /
GW
Wind Power Installed Capacity and Generation
风电装机
风电发电量
1 中国可再生能源发展现状及展望1 Situation & Prospects of Electric Power
Installed CapacityPower Generation
8
0,26 2,12 3,4115,89
24,8642,63
77,42
110
300
1 6 36 84 235
385
662
1656
3327
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
3500
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2020 2030
Po
wer
Gen
era
tio
n/1
08
kW
h
Insta
lled
Cap
acit
y/G
W
Solar Power Installed Capacity and Generation
太阳能装机
太阳能发电量
1 中国可再生能源发展现状及展望1 Situation & Prospects of Electric Power
Installed CapacityPower Generation
1.5 Development of Solar Power
2.
Contents
1. Situation & Prospects of Electric Power
3. Role of CSP in Power System
9
Technical Development Situation of CSP
4. Development Prospects of CSP
10
2.1 Technical Research and Application Status
➢ CSP technologies have been researched for more than 10 years by many science institutions
and universities in China, which is the basis of the commercial application;
➢ Many technologies and products of Independent Intellectual Property have been developed in
China;
➢ Many CSP pilots have been constructed;
➢ The SUPCON Delingha 10 MW Tower CSP commercial power plant has been put into operation
since 2013;
➢ Localization rate of equipments and materials is above 90%;
➢ Production capability can meet the need of CSP projects;
➢ Dozens of projects have finished feasibility study work;
➢ In September 2016, National Energy Administration of China identified 20 projects with about
1.35 GW as the first batch of demonstration projects, some of which have already started
construction work;
➢ The planned CSP installed capacity is 5 GW by 2020.
1 中国可再生能源发展现状及展望2 Technical Development Situation of CSP
11
2.2 Pilots and Commercial Plants
Site:WulateZhongqi, Inner Mongolia
DNI: 2170 kWh/m2/a
Commissioning Time:2013.04
Constructor:Royal Tech CSP
Opening Width: 5.8 m
Loop Length:600 m
Collection Area:3270 m2
Peak Heat Output:2.3 MWth
Inlet Temp: 293℃
Outlet Temp: 393℃
Photothermic Efficiency>67%
(By DLR in 2013.09)
Thermal Oil Trough Collecting Loop (ROYAL TECH)
2 Technical Development Situation of CSP
12
Molten Salt Trough Power System(CSPBH)
Site:Akesai, Gansu
DNI: 2365 kWh/m2/a
Installed Capacity:200 kW
Loop Length: 800 m
Collection Area:4531 m2
HTF:Molten Salt
Outlet Temp:550℃
TES Time: 15h (2-tank Molten Salt)
Superheated Steam: 8MPa ,540℃
Commissioning Time:2016.10
Constructor:CSPBH
2.2 Pilots and Commercial Plants
2 Technical Development Situation of CSP
13
Site:Yanqing, Beijing
DNI: 1240 kWh/m2/a
Rated Power: 1MWe
Area of Each Heliostat : 100 m2
Number of Heliostats : 100
Tower Height: 100m
HTF:Water
Outlet Parameter:2.7MPa/400℃
TES time: 1h(Thermal Oil)
Annual Output:270×104 kWh
Commissioning Time:2012.08
Constructor:IEE CAS
Test Tower Power Plant (IEE CAS)
2.2 Pilots and Commercial Plants
2 Technical Development Situation of CSP
14
Site:Delingha, Qinghai
DNI: 2200 kWh/m2/a
Installed Capacity:10 MW
Land Area:15.50×104 m2
Heliostat Area:2 m2×24400
20 m2×1000
Absorber(Water) Outlet:9.8MPa ,310℃
Absorber(Molten Salt) Outlet :565 ℃
TES Time: 2h(2-tank Molten Salt)
Turbine Inlet: 8.83MPa, 510℃
Commissioning Time:2013.06(Water System)
2016.08(Molten Salt System)
Constructor:SUPCON
Commercial Tower Power Plant (SUPCON)
2.2 Pilots and Commercial Plants
2 Technical Development Situation of CSP
15
Site:Dunhuang, Gansu
DNI:2000kWh/m2/a
Installed Capacity:10MW
Land Area:1.2 km2
Area of Each Heliostat :115.5 m2
Number of Heliostats:1525
Tower Height:138.3m
Absorber Outlet: 565 ℃
TES Time:15h(2-tank Molten Salt)
Commissioning Time:2016.12
Constructor:ShouHang
Commercial Tower Power Plant (Shouhang)
2.2 Pilots and Commercial Plants
2 Technical Development Situation of CSP
16
2.3 First Batch of CSP Demonstration Projects
➢ 20 projects in total capacity with
1.349 GW distributing five province
regions.
➢ Grid purchase price is ¥ 1.15/kWh.
➢ Such price can only be applied to
the projects put into operation by
the end of 2018 . Most projects are
expected to complete construction
by then.
➢Most projects adopt China’s self-
developed collecting technology
➢ The power plant engineering work
is undertaken by domestic design
institutes. Distribution of 20 Demo Projects
1 in Xinjiang
2 in Inner
Mongolia
4 in Hebei
4 in Qinghai
9 in Gansu
2 Technical Development Situation of CSP
17
20
1349MW
4 Linear Fresnel,
200MW
(2 Water + 1 Molten Salt
+ 1 Thermal Oil)
7 Trough, 464MW
(5 Thermal Oil
+ 2 Molten Salt)
9 Tower,685MW
(7 Molten Salt
+ 2 Water)
50.6% 34.4%
14.8%
➢ Some projects have adjusted the solutions in application document. For example, 2
water tower projects have be changed to molten salt tower.
2.3 First Batch of CSP Demonstration Projects
2 Technical Development Situation of CSP
2.
Contents
1. Situation & Prospects of Electric Power
18
Technical Development Situation of CSP
4. Development Prospects of CSP
3. Role of CSP in Power System
19
3 Role of CSP in Power System
0 5 10 15 200
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
时间(时)
功率(
MW)
2012/1/6
2012/2/8
2012/4/19
2012/4/26
Typical Wind Power Output Curve from a Certain GridTypical PV Output Curve
100%
80%
60%
40%
20%
0
➢China's wind and PV power have been developed
very fast in recent years. However, due to the
instability, there is a need to build energy storage
power stations.
➢ Pumped-hydro station is limited by site resources, and
battery storage is uneconomical. Therefore, some
regions have limited acceptance of wind and PV
power, leading to a waste of energy.
3.1 Challenge for Wind and PV Power
20
3.2 Performance of CSP Units
Items CSP Plant Coal-fired Power Plant
Load Range 20%—100% 50%—100%
Heating Rate of SGS Limited to 10 ℃/min
Limited to 1.5 ℃/min
(ignition period for boiler)
Limited to 5 ℃/min
(other periods)
Startup time for turbine
(from 0 to 100%)20 min—60 min
(hot start—cold start)60 min—240 min
(hot start—cold start)
➢ CSP units have better regulation characteristics, compared with coal-fired units.
3 Role of CSP in Power System
21
Performance of 19.9 MW Gemasolar CSP plant in Spain
(TES: 15h)
2012.07.11 0:00—23:50
3 Role of CSP in Power System
3.2 Performance of CSP Units
22
Performance of 19.9 MW Gemasolar CSP plant in a week (TES: 15h)
3 Role of CSP in Power System
3.2 Performance of CSP Units
23
➢ CSP units with thermal energy storage (TES) can maintain stable power output,
and with big enough TES, it can generate power 24-hour continuously. Therefore, it
can respond rapidly to primary and second frequency regulation in power grid.
➢ Role of CSP in power grid :
1)As base load units of power grid;
2)As peak load units of power grid.
➢ Power grid with CSP can improve acceptance proportion of wind and PV power.
3 Role of CSP in Power System
3.3 Regulation Effects of CSP Units
2.
Contents
1. Situation & Prospects of Electric Power
24
Technical Development Situation of CSP
3. Role of CSP in Power System
4. Development Prospects of CSP
25
4 Development Prospects of CSP
4.1 DNI Resource in China
DNI(kWh/m2a)
DNI Distribution in China
来自中国气象局风能太阳能资源中心
26
0
100000
200000
300000
400000
500000
600000
700000
800000
900000
1000000
内蒙古 西藏 青海 新疆 甘肃 合计
337120
169360 156690 145040 140110
948320
➢ According to preliminary estimation, there is about 970 thousand km2 available
land with DNI>1700kWh/m2 in China, mainly in Inner Mongolia, Tibet,
Qinghai, Xinjiang and Gansu, where most land is gobi or desert.
(km2)
4 Development Prospects of CSP
4.2 Land Resource in China
Inner Mongolia Tibet Qinghai Xinjiang Gansu Total
27
➢ If 100 thousand km2 land is used
for CSP, annual power generation
may reach about 5.4 trillion kWh .
➢ If the units 100% output hours is
3500, available installed capacity is
about 1.5 billion kW.
Some landform selected for CSP Projects
4 Development Prospects of CSP
4.3 Estimated Power Capacity
28CSP Investment Cost Prediction in China
CSP LCOE Prediction in China
➢ Current investment cost for CSP plant
is ¥25,000-30,000 /kW. By the end of
2020, It is expected that the investment
cost will be reduced to ¥15,000/kW, and
the LCOE will be lowered to ¥0.75/kWh.
4 Development Prospects of CSP
4.4 Estimation of Investment Cost & LCOE
Positive Situation
Basic Situation
Positive Situation
Basic Situation
yuan
yuan
29
4.5 Summary
➢With the guidance and support of national policy, China has started the large-scale
development of CSP.
➢ CSP will play a significant role in China’s energy transformation with bright
development prospects.
➢ The increase of China’s CSP projects will provide a good development opportunity for
Chinese and overseas manufacturers of equipment and materials.
➢With the increasing domestic CSP construction experience, Chinese enterprises will
greatly improve the technology and product quality, contributing substantially to the
global CSP development.
4 Development Prospects of CSP
30
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E-mail: yzzheng@eppei.com
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