DECLARATIVE SENTENCES

1

A sentence that states a declaration. It always ends in a

period. If used in a quotation, it will end in a comma.

Ex : The pool will be closed today.

Ex: “The pool will be closed today,” said Billy.

Interrogative Sentence

2

A sentence that asks a question.

Hint - To interrogate means to “hound” a person for an answer.

Ex: Did you go to the mall with Buster yesterday?

Imperative Sentence

3

A sentence that gives a command or order.

Ex : Go to your room.

Ex : Take out the trash.

EXCLAMATORY SENTENCES

4

A sentence that show great emotion. It ends ALWAYS with an exclamation point.

Ex: This is the best class ever !!!

I love this game!!!!

CONJUNCTION41

NOUN5

Definition - Person, place, thing or idea.

• Ex - car• White House• Mr. Bridges• scissors

COMMON NOUNS6

A non-specific person, place, thing, or idea. It is only capitalized at the

beginning of a sentence.

Ex : pencil

cup

city

PROPER NOUNS7

A specific person, place, thing or idea.

Ex - United States

Atlanta

Claudia Bridges

SINGULAR NOUNS8

One person, place, thing or idea.

The boy is the best basketball player on his team.

PLURAL NOUNS9

1 or more person, place , thing , or idea.

Ex : This group of girls are the best writers I have ever had in all my years of teaching.

PLURAL NOUN RULES10

1. Most singular nouns will end in s when making them plural.

Ex: cats, horses1. If a singular noun ends in ch, sh, ss, or x

add es to the noun to make it plural.EX: churches, wishes, glasses, boxes1. If a singular noun ends in consonant y,

drop the y and add ies.Ex: babies, berries, cities.

1. If a singular noun ends in vowel y, add s to make it plural.

Ex. Monkeys, trays, boys1. If a singular noun ends in fe or f , drop

the f and add ves.Ex: lives, knives, calves1. Some singular nouns have different

versions for plural nouns.Ex: feet, geese, women.1. Some singular nouns are spelled the

same even if they are plural.EX: moose, sheep, deer

DIRECT ADDRESS11

When talking directly to a person, you must distinguish the person you are talking to with a comma.

Ex: Claudia, where is your homework.

Ex: The dishwasher needs to be turned on now, Grady.

PERSONS OF NOUNS12

1. The first person refers to the speaker.

EX: We, the audience, must watch and listen carefully.

2. The second person refers to the one spoken to.

EX: Children, have you ever seen a play?

3. The third person refers to the one spoken about.

Ex: The first theatres were built by the ancient Greeks.

QUOTATIONS 13

First way to show someone is talking.

“ The Michigan Wolverines played on Saturday,” said Lloyd Carr.

Lloyd Carr said, “ The Michigan Wolverines played on Saturday.”

SINGULAR POSSESSIVE NOUNS14

Def- Singular nouns that show ownership.

Add an apostrophe s ‘s to show that the noun is showing ownership.

EX: pitcher’s ball cup’s logo

HINT: 99% of the time the next word after a possessive noun is a noun. Sometimes it is an adjective.

PLURAL POSSESSIVE NOUNS15

Def - Plural nouns that show ownership.

Most plural nouns - S apostrophe - s’

Plural nouns that do not end in s - add apostrophe s - ‘s

Ex : women’s purse men’s bag feet’s smell

GENRE16

A type of movie or book based on the content.

EX: Realistic Fiction, Mystery, Science Fiction,

SIMILES17

Def - Comparing two objects with like or as.

Hating people is like burning down your house to get rid of a rat.

That smells as bad as an open sewer.

COMPLETESUBJECT

18

Def - Names someone or something in the sentence. Usually found before the first verb of each sentence. All the words in the subject part of a sentence.

Ex : The potato beetle is a harmful insect.

Ex : Farmers in some areas lose their crops through insects.

COMPLETE PREDICATE19

Def - Predicate tells what the subject is or does. Found after the first verb of each sentence.

Ex : Bees pollinate farmers’ crops.

Ex: The ladybug eats several kinds of crop-destroying insects.

SIMPLE SUBJECT20

Def – The main noun in the subject. Does not include adjectives or prepositional phrases.

EX : The nice boy looks bored in class.

SIMPLE PREDICATE21

Def - The first verbs in the predicate that shows the being or action of the subject.

Ex: The boy was throwing the rocks at the window

Metaphor22

Def: Comparing two non related items without like or as. In most cases it is positive.

My love is a rose.

Alexa is a bear in tennis.

Her hair is silk.

HYPERBOLE23

Def: An exaggeration that is so dramatic that no one would believe the statement is true. Tall tales are hyperboles.

Example: He was so hungry, he ate that whole cornfield for lunch, stalks and all.

"I had so much homework, I needed a pickup truck to carry all my books home!"

Chalker has mosquitoes so big, we dry them out and use them as footstools!"

My sister uses so much makeup she needs a sandblaster to get it off at night.

HOMOPHONES24

Def: Words that sound alike but have different meanings and spellings.

Too - to - two

Eye – I

Their – There – They’re

Onomatopoeia25

Def: The use of a word to describe or imitate a natural sound or the sound made by an object or an action.

Example: snap crackle pop

Boom, crackle, sizzle, crash, crunch, meow

Suffix26

An ending to a word that can enhance or change the meaning of the ROOT word.

Rapid - ly rapidly

Meaning - less meaningless

Common suffixes - less, ed, ly, s, able , ful

Prefix27

An addition to a ROOT word that can change the meaning of the word or enhance the meaning of the existing word.

pre - school preschool

mis - information misinformation

Common prefixes – dis, mis, un, pre,

Synonyms28

• Multiple words that have the same meanings.

EX: Big , huge, gigantic, enormous

Ex : easy, simplistic, simple

Antonyms29

A word that has the opposite meaning of another word.

big small

fast slow

cute ugly

Action Verbs30

A word that shows action of a noun.

The cat jumped high in the air.

The paper dropped from the second level.

Jennifer picked strawberries with her mom.

Linking Verbs31

A linking verb shows being. A linking verb connect the subject with a word or words in the predicate.

She is a brave woman.

The boy was a good swimmer.

Common linking verbs

are , is , was, were, am

Adjectives32

A word that describes a noun or pronoun. Can also be called a MODIFIER.

The gigantic submarine was very quick.

The smart girl learned a lot this year.

Adverbs33

• Words that describe verbs, adjectives, and other adverbs.

• Most commonly seen describing verbs.

The ball fell rapidly to the ground.

Catherine wind blew violently last night.

The chairs clanged together loudly.

Articles34

Articles are special adjectives that describe one or more of something.

A AN THE are articles

The bear is a cool animal

The basketball player is an important person.

PRONOUN36

• A word that takes place of a noun.

• They are very cool.

• He is a very nice young man.

• She is a much taller than him.

SUBJECT PRONOUN37

• A pronoun that is found in the subject of a sentence.

• I , you, she, he, we , you , they

• They will visit Mount Rushmore in July.

• It is a huge piece of sculpture.

OBJECT PRONOUN38

A pronoun found in the predicate of a sentence.

They went with us to the mall.

She was very nice with her mom.

OBJECT PROUNS

me, him, her, us, them, you, it,

PREPOSITION39

Preposition

Relates the noun or pronoun that follows it to another word in the

sentence.

Soon the trees blazed with gold

blazed gold

COMMON PREPOSITIONS

about behindfrom out withabove below in outside withoutacross beside inside overafter by near througharound down of toat during off underbefore for on up

PREPOSITIONAL PHRASE

40

PREPOSITIONAL PHRASE

Includes the preposition, the objects, and any words that come between them.

Many poets write about the seasons.

With every passing day nature shows its beauty.

Parts of SpeechLabel nouns, pronouns, verbs, adj, adv, or prep

1. The ancient Celts believed in a sun god.2. During the winter the sun god disappeared.3. They thought he was a prisoner. 4. Evil spirits had captured him.5. They lit fires to chase the spirits away.6. Some ancient peoples were believers in

tree gods.7. The people got up early on May Day.

CONJUNCTION41

A word that joins two words or sentences.

Conjuctionsand , but, or

The boys and girls are cool.The girls are going to the mall, and they will

go swimming later.

COMPOUND SENTENCE42

• A compound sentence contains two or more simple sentences joined by a conjuction.

Cynthia likes camels, but I prefer tigers.

Jackson likes the Ravens, and he has been to many of their games.