Post on 21-Jun-2015
description
Current and future animal vaccine research ac2vi2es at ILRI
Vaccine Biosciences Interna.onal Livestock Research Ins.tute
1st July 2014 Contact: ilri-‐vaccines@cgiar.org
ILRI Nairobi campus
A lab in Africa at the foot of Kenya’s Ngong Hills ★
Google’s view of the ILRI campus -‐ laboratory and farm facili2es
BecA -‐ILRI Labs
Secure Animal
Disease
Facility
Farm and paddocks
Importance of animal health research in the developing world
Ø Livestock offer a powerful pathway out of poverty for ~750 million poor farmers in South Asia and Africa by providing nutri2onal and economic security.
Ø Infec2ous livestock diseases feature prominently among the constraints faced by livestock agriculture. u Endemic diseases u Epidemic/pandemic diseases u Trans-‐boundary diseases u Emerging and re-‐emerging diseases u Zoono2c diseases and food safety
Ø Vaccines are the most effec2ve disease interven2on deployed especially in developing countries but most vaccines if they exist are sub-‐op2mal.
Ø For many reasons diseases are neglected problems in affected countries, a situa2on exacerbated by a general lack of investment, vaccine R & D and manufacturing capacity.
List of current ILRI high priority diseases targeted for control
Ø African swine fever (ASF) – swine u African disease threatens the global $150 billion/year pig industry
Ø Contagious bovine pleuropneumonia (CBPP) – caZle u Regional losses to CBPP amount to ~ $60 million/year
Ø East Coast fever (ECF) – caZle u Regional losses exceed $300 million/year; kills ~ 1million caZle/year
Ø Peste de pe2ts ruminants (PPR) – small ruminants
u Losses in Kenya alone amount to ~ $13 million/year Ø Ri_ Valley Fever (RVF) – small ruminants, caZle and human
u 2006/7 outbreak in Kenya cost ~ $30 million o 309 human cases in Kenya, Somalia and Tanzania; 140 deaths
Vaccines save lives and livestock and contribute to food security and poverty allevia5on
ILRI’s vaccine R & D pathway to impact
Marke&ng)Market)
assessment)Proof0of0principle)laboratory/field)
Clinical)development)
Manufacturing)
Product)development)partnerships))Research)partnerships)
Disease)selec&on) Lead)vaccine)molecules) Vaccine)op&miza&on) Scaled0up)produc&on) Delivery)
NARS,&Universi.es,&ARIs,&Regional&and&sub7regional&R&D&organiza.ons,&PPP&&
Target)product)profile) Phase)I,)II,)III)trials) Regulatory)processes) Con&nued)monitoring)
PPP,&Private§or,&Regional&networks,&FAO,&OIE,&PANVAC,&AU7IBAR,&NARs,&NGOs&
Ø ILRI’s compara2ve advantage is mainly in the discovery phase to proof-‐of-‐principle under laboratory and field condi2ons.
Ø Different entry points in pathway depending on disease targeted for control. u Improvement of exis2ng vaccines u Development of subunit vaccines u Laboratory and field based diagnos2cs
Vaccines save lives and livestock and contribute to food security and poverty allevia5on
ILVAC – plan2ng the orchard
BASIC&RESEARCH&&
Increase&our&knowledge&base&&
“Knowledge&lays&the&founda>on&for&science&&&innova>on”&
APPLIED&RESEARCH&!
Develop&new&vaccines&&&diagnos>cs&!
“Vaccines&are&highly&effec>ve&an>Idisease&interven>ons”&
! Study&hostIpathogen&interac>ons&&! Map&immune&responses&to&infec>on&
! Characterize&pathogen&virulence&
! Inves>gate&disease&epidemiology&
! Dissect&pathogen&biology&&&diversity&
! Iden>fy&candidate&vaccine&and&diagnos>c&molecules&
! Assess&candidate&vaccine&molecules&
! Assess&aMenuated&pathogens&
! ThermoIstabilize&vaccines&
! Develop&easy&to&use&diagnos>c&tools&
! Assess&different&vaccina>on&systems&
! Facilitate&transla>on&of&research&outputs&to&commercial&products&
Vaccines save lives and livestock and contribute to food security and poverty allevia5on
ILVAC -‐ a vaccine plaeorm
An#body(technologies(
Vaccine(technologies(
Cellular(technologies(
Diagnos#c(technologies(
Genomic(technologies(
Contagious(b
ovine(
pleuropneumonia((
East(C
oast(fe
ver(
Africa
n(sw
ine(fe
ver((
Consor#a(for(research(&(product(development(and(capacity(development(
Private(sector(
GALVmed(
CRPs(
NARS(
InterEgov(
agencies(
Improved(vaccines(and(
diagnos#c(tools(
Peste
(des(p
e##s(ru
minants((
RiF(Valley(fe
ver(
Infec#ous(disease(
research:(basic(&(applied(
ILVAC(–(a(vaccine(plaIorm(
A poreolio of innova2on and vaccine related technology plaeorms
Ø Op2mizing exis2ng vaccines u Thermostabiliza2on of aZenuated viral vaccines u Establishing quality control and process improvement
Ø Reverse vaccinology and immunology
u Iden2fica2on of candidate vaccine an2gens u Assessing protein and gene-‐based vaccine formula2ons
Ø Pathogen & livestock genomics
u Host and pathogen gene expression profiles u Pathogen popula2on structure
Ø Synthe2c genomics
u Manipula2ng bacterial genomes u AZenua2ng viruses by genome engineering
Yeast&with&M.#myc&LC&genome&
(Delete&puta5ve&&virulence&factors)&
Less&virulent&M.#myc&LC&
ACTGGTACGTAGGGCATCGATCGACATGATAGAGCATATAGCATGACGATGCGATCGACAGTCGACAGCTGACAGCTGAGGGTGACACCAGCTGCCAGCTGGACCACCATTAGGACAGATGACCACACACAAATAGACGATTAGGACCAGATGAGCCACATTTTAGGAGGACACACACCA
Bioinformatics
tools
Predict gene sequences and list candidate vaccine antigens
Test experimental vaccine
Clone genes of vaccine interest (100’s of genes)
Filter genes via immunological assays
Pathogen genome mining (1000’s of genes)
Molecular immunology tools to assess immune responses in cattle
(10’s genes)
A research center of excellence -‐ a vaccine ini2a2ve at ILRI
Ø Exploit high-‐end science and technologies to accelerate vaccine development
Ø Support each disease focus with program level funding Ø Develop global research and product development partnerships Ø Provide fellowships for training and scien2fic leadership in developing countries
Ø Help build ins2tu2onal capacity for vaccine R & D in developing countries Ø S2mulate learning between veterinary and human vaccine communi2es Ø Provide an incubator type approach to leverage ILRI facili2es
Why ILRI for a vaccine ini2a2ve?
Ø Modern bio-‐molecular laboratory facili2es
Ø Secure animal disease facili2es for large and small animals
Ø Loca2on and access to diverse pathogens
indigenous livestock and wildlife Ø Track record in teaching, training and capacity building Ø Ongoing projects
o Vaccine development against neglected livestock diseases o One Health and agricultural associated human diseases o Highly relevant field research
Ø Networks with academic, na2onal, regional and interna2onal organiza2ons, including the public, private and development sectors
The ILRI Vaccine Biosciences group
The presenta.on has a Crea.ve Commons licence. You are free to re-‐use or distribute this work, provided credit is given to ILRI.
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