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Challenges And Opportunities With
Bio- & Nanotech
Tim HarperCientifica Ltd
Monday, 10 January 2011
Challenges And Opportunities With
Bio- & Nanotech
Tim HarperCientifica Ltd
Monday, 10 January 2011
Tim Harper
• Engineer at European Space Agency
• Serial Entrepreneur
• Co Founder NanoSight
• Chair / Chief Advisor of Several National Funding Bodies
• World Economic Forum Emerging Technologies Council / Tech Pioneers
2
Monday, 10 January 2011
Challenge 1Communicating Technology
Monday, 10 January 2011
The Challenge of
CommunicationA constant battle for the first ten
years of nanotech
Monday, 10 January 2011
The Challenge of Regulation
Monday, 10 January 2011
• After 10 years we have no sensible regulation of nanotechnologies
• Most technologies develop faster than regulators can catch up
Monday, 10 January 2011
Challenge IIMaking Technology Relevant
Monday, 10 January 2011
“Anyone talking about trillion dollar markets, thousands of start-ups and billions of dollars of VC money is missing the point of nanotechnology.
...most of the effects will not be called nano, and they will be off the radar of most nano pundits & gurus"
- Tim Harper 2003
Monday, 10 January 2011
• Banking crisis
• International tensions
• Failed States
•
•
•
•
• Emerging Technologies
Monday, 10 January 2011
• Banking crisis
• International tensions
• Failed States
•
•
•
•
• Emerging Technologies
Technology ranks low on the global agenda
Need to relate it to the issues that governments &
business understand
Monday, 10 January 2011
Challenge IIIProvide Solutions to Global Risks
Monday, 10 January 2011
Medium High Low
Monday, 10 January 2011
6,500,000
7,250,000
8,000,000
8,750,000
9,500,000
10,250,000
11,000,000
2010 2015 2020 2025 2030 2035 2040 2045 2050
Global Population Growth
Medium High Low
Monday, 10 January 2011
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1
0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
30%
0
5,000
10,00
0
15,00
0
20,00
0
25,00
0
30,00
0
35,00
0
40,00
0
45,00
0
2007 2022
Population Pressure
GDP per capita (in 2000 USD)
World Average Income Per Capita
2007 Population Distribution
2007 Expenditure Per Capita
Monday, 10 January 2011
!Global trends in population, energy demand and water use. Population: United Nations (http://esa.un.org/unpd/wpp2008/, accessed 7/27/10). Energy: International Energy Agency (http://www.worldenergyoutlook.org/2009.asp, accessed 7/27/10). Water: Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (http://www.oecd.org/document/20/0,3343,en_21571361_43893445_44353044_1_1_1_1,00.html, accessed 7/27/10).
Monday, 10 January 2011
Monday, 10 January 2011
Monday, 10 January 2011
Leading To Events Like This15
Monday, 10 January 2011
The Impact of Technology
• The average lifetime of a company on the Fortune 500 is less than 30 years
• Google is ten years old
• Facebook is valued at $50 billion after five years!
Monday, 10 January 2011
Opportunity 1Catch The Wave of Emerging Technologies
Monday, 10 January 2011
5000 Years of Science
18
Monday, 10 January 2011
5000 Years of Science
• We have been observing the world for 5000 years
18
Monday, 10 January 2011
5000 Years of Science
• We have been observing the world for 5000 years
• Significantly changing it for 100 years
18
Monday, 10 January 2011
5000 Years of Science
• We have been observing the world for 5000 years
• Significantly changing it for 100 years
• Understanding our actions for 20 years
18
Monday, 10 January 2011
Control Over Materials
Materials Have Always Been Vital to Humanity
• Clothing,
• Heating, hunting tools
• Coal, iron, oil, copper
• Semiconductors
• Satellites
19
Monday, 10 January 2011
Materials Have Shaped Our Culture
10,000 BC
Stone & Wood
Nanotechnology
Adapted from Herrmann, W. Chem. Eng. Technol. 21(7), 549 (1998)
Synthetic Biology
0
Cement Steel
1800
Iron
1000 BC 1900’s
PolymersComposites
2000 2010
20
Monday, 10 January 2011
Science Enables New Technologies
1650 1950 2050
Com
plex
ity
21
Monday, 10 January 2011
Science Enables New Technologies
1650 1950 2050
Com
plex
ity
21
Monday, 10 January 2011
Science Enables New Technologies
1650 1950 2050
Com
plex
ity
21
Monday, 10 January 2011
Science Enables New Technologies
1650 1950 2050
Com
plex
ity
21
Monday, 10 January 2011
Science Enables New Technologies
1650 1950 2050
Com
plex
ity
21
Monday, 10 January 2011
Science Enables New Technologies
1650 1950 2050
Com
plex
ity
21
Monday, 10 January 2011
Science Enables New Technologies
1650 1950 2050Semiconductors
Com
plex
ity
21
Monday, 10 January 2011
Science Enables New Technologies
1650 1950 2050Semiconductors
Biotechnology
Com
plex
ity
21
Monday, 10 January 2011
Science Enables New Technologies
1650 1950 2050Semiconductors
Biotechnology
Nanotechnologies
Com
plex
ity
21
Monday, 10 January 2011
Science Enables New Technologies
1650 1950 2050Semiconductors
Biotechnology
Nanotechnologies
Synthetic Biology
Com
plex
ity
21
Monday, 10 January 2011
Science Enables New Technologies
1650 1950 2050Semiconductors
Biotechnology
Nanotechnologies
Synthetic Biology
Com
plex
ity
Geoengineering?
21
Monday, 10 January 2011
Science Enables New Technologies
1650 1950 2050Semiconductors
Biotechnology
Nanotechnologies
Synthetic Biology
Com
plex
ity
Geoengineering?
Con
trol
21
Monday, 10 January 2011
Moving From Control Of Materials to Control of
Things
22
Monday, 10 January 2011
Moving From Control Of Materials to Control of
Things
Materials
• Metals
• Semiconductors
• Food Processing
Passive22
Monday, 10 January 2011
Moving From Control Of Materials to Control of
Things
Materials
• Metals
• Semiconductors
• Food Processing
Things
• Crops
• Cells
• The Planet?
Passive Active22
Monday, 10 January 2011
10 Years of Nanotech
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Monday, 10 January 2011
10 Years of Nanotech
Drug Delivery
Tissue EngineeringCatalysis
Filtration
Water Treatment
Computer Memory
Data Storage
DisplaysFood
Textiles
Cosmetics
Sunscreen
Lighting
Coatings
Household Cleaners Sporting Equipment
Construction
Insulation
Anti Corrosion
Paints
23
Monday, 10 January 2011
10 Years of Nanotech
23
Monday, 10 January 2011
The Challenge for the Next 10 Years
• Make technology relevant to global issues
• Communicate that technology is (in general) something that improves our lives
Monday, 10 January 2011
Operating Theatre 1910Monday, 10 January 2011
Monday, 10 January 2011
Opportunity IILearn From Nature
Monday, 10 January 2011
How To Use Them?
28
Monday, 10 January 2011
Understanding Nature
29
Monday, 10 January 2011
A Top Down Approach
30
Monday, 10 January 2011
A Bottom Up Approach
31
Monday, 10 January 2011
By Copying This Trick
Reducing friction between container ships hull & water could
• Save 1% of global oil consumption or
• 850,000 barrels per day
32
Monday, 10 January 2011
An Old Trick For Textiles
33
Monday, 10 January 2011
Nanocomposite Materials
• Polymer + nanoparticle, nanofibre or clay
• Increases strength & rigidity
• Lowers weight
• Much of value is in the formulation rather than the filler
34
Monday, 10 January 2011
Nanocomposite Materials
• Polymer + nanoparticle, nanofibre or clay
• Increases strength & rigidity
• Lowers weight
• Much of value is in the formulation rather than the filler
Abalone Shell - Nanoscale Engineering34
Monday, 10 January 2011
Opportunity IIICombining Technologies
Monday, 10 January 2011
Synthetic Biology
Longest Published DNA Sequence
36Source: Rob Carlson synthesis.cc
Monday, 10 January 2011
A Lot Like Moore’s Law37
Monday, 10 January 2011
• Most technologies are becoming like Facebook
• What used to be done at Bell Labs or IBM can be done by far smaller teams
• Access to information and simulation are key drivers
Monday, 10 January 2011
Addressing the Challenge
Monday, 10 January 2011
Sustained technology innovation is the only way that the world has supported six billion people and will continue to sustain 9 billion people by 2050.
‣WEF Global Agenda Council on Emerging Technologies
Addressing the Challenge
Monday, 10 January 2011
The Challenge of Sustained Innovation
Monday, 10 January 2011
We cannot take emerging technologies for granted; great societies that failed to innovate have collapsed in the past.
The Challenge of Sustained Innovation
Monday, 10 January 2011
Risk management is not a passive process. The 21st century presents challenges in terms of population, energy, food, water, climate and health – a proactive technology-based approach is essential to be able to monitor, manage and mitigate these risks.
The Challenge of Proactive Risk Management
Monday, 10 January 2011
Governments, chemical companies, farmers, technology players, consumer product companies, NGOs, and consumers need to work together to realize the potential of a bio-based sustainable society.
The Challenge of Cooperation
Monday, 10 January 2011
In The End...
43
Monday, 10 January 2011
In The End...
• Technology has lead every economic and social advance for the last 10,000 years
43
Monday, 10 January 2011
In The End...
• Technology has lead every economic and social advance for the last 10,000 years
• It can create and clear up problems (e.g Ozone layer depletion)
43
Monday, 10 January 2011
In The End...
• Technology has lead every economic and social advance for the last 10,000 years
• It can create and clear up problems (e.g Ozone layer depletion)
• It is human nature to innovate
43
Monday, 10 January 2011
Conclusions
44
Monday, 10 January 2011
Conclusions
Nanotechnologies and biosciences will be as important to the 21st Century as oil, polymers and semiconductors were to the 20th Century
44
Monday, 10 January 2011
Conclusions
Nanotechnologies and biosciences will be as important to the 21st Century as oil, polymers and semiconductors were to the 20th Century
We have the tools, lets use them wisely
44
Monday, 10 January 2011
tim.harper@cientifica.comTwitter: @tim_harper
Monday, 10 January 2011