Post on 17-Sep-2015
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Energy Balance and Body CompositionStudying = 1 or 2 kcalories/minute
Energy Balance
Food Composition Bomb calorimeter-too much?
Food Composition Direct calorimetry (heat release) vs. indirect calorimetry (O2 consumed)
Physiological fuel value-what the body gets out of food. Value is lower than that measured by the bomb.
Food Intake
Sustaining satiation and satietylower-fat foods can be eaten in larger portions for the same number of kcaloriesFood Intake
Food Intake HypothalamusNeuropeptide Y-chemical compound that stimulateds appetite, increases fat storage*, decreases energy expenditure.
*Leptin: signals body to stop eating, stop storing fat and increase energy expenditure.
Thermogenesis Basal thermogenesis (heat)-a measure of bodys energy expenditure!
Exercise-induced thermogenesis
Diet-induced thermogenesis
Adaptive thermogenesis
Components of Energy Expenditure
Components of Energy ExpenditureBasal metabolism-metabolic expendature during basic life processes.Basal metabolic rate (BMR)-metabolic rate at rest following sleep (no food).(males = 1 kcal/min, women = 0.8 kcal/min)
Resting metabolic rate (RMR)
Components of Energy Expenditure
Running~14.1 kcal/min@ 7.5 mph
Sex burns >300 kcal/hr.if your doing it right!
REMOVING HER CLOTHES: With her consent........................ 12 Calories Without it..................................187 Calories OPENING HER BRA: With both hands........................ 8 Calories With one hand.......................... 12 Calories With your teeth........................ 85 Calories PUTTING ON A CONDOM: With an erection.............................. 6 Calories Without an erection.................... 315 Calories POSITIONS: Missionary................................... 12 Calories Wheelbarrow............................ 216 Calories Doggy Style............................... 326 Calories Italian chandelier..................... 912 Calories
ORGASMING: Real................................... 112 Calories False.................................. 315 Calories POST ORGASM: Lying in bed hugging................... 18 Calories Getting up immediately................. 36 Calories explaining why you got out of bed immediately................ 816 Calories GETTING A SECOND ERECTION: 20-29 years old......................36 Calories 30-39 years............................ 80 Calories 40-49 years............................ 124 Calories 50-59 years............................ 972 Calories 60-69 years............................ 2916 Calories 70 and over............................ Still awaiting results! DRESSING UP AFTERWARDS: Calmly................................. 32 Calories In a hurry............................. 98 Calories With her father knocking at the door... 1218 Calories With your wife knocking at the door.... 3521 Calories!
Components of Energy Expenditure
Thermic effect of food (TEF)-heat created by food digestion.
Diet-induced thermogenesis (DIT)-heat gained from eating warm (hot) food.
Estimating Energy Requirements
Gender
Growth
Age
Estimating Energy Requirements
Physical activity
Body composition
Body size
Body Weight, Body Composition, and Health
Body composition: What is yours?
Body weight =fat + lean tissue (including water)
Defining Healthy Body Weight
The criterion of fashion: BMI of Miss America
Defining Healthy Body Weight
The criterion of healthBody mass index (BMI)=weight (kg)/height (m)2
BMI Values Used to Assess Weight
Mike OHearn (Mr. Universe, 1997)
Height: 63 Weight: 245
BMI = 31
Too fat??
Clearly not!
Michelle Gutierrez(Ms. September, 2005)
Height: 53 Weight: 112 lbs. (on a bad day)
BMI = 19
Too much...??
Again...likely not!
Distribution of Body Weights in U.S. Adults
Body Fat and Its Distribution
Body Fat and Its Distribution
Some people need less body fat.
Some people need more body fat
Body Fat and Its Distribution
Fat distributionIntra-abdominal fat (fat around organs)
Central obesity (upper-body fat)
Body Fat and Its Distribution
Waist circumference
If its anything over 35 inches, its too much!
Methods Used to Assess Body Fat
Health Risks Associated With Body Weight and Body Fat
Health risks of underweight
Health risks of overweight
BMI and Mortality
Health Risks Associated With Body Weight and Body Fat
Cardiovascular disease
Diabetes
Cancer
Fat and fit versus sedentary and slimJennifer Portnick, aerobics instructor
The Latest and Greatest Weight-Loss Diet - Again
The claims and truths of diet fads
ATKINS
High-protein, low carbohydrate dietsThe diets appeal
The Latest and Greatest Weight-Loss Diet - Again
High-protein, low carbohydrate dietsDont count kcaloriesSatisfy (ies) hungerFollow a plan (no decision)Limit choices (boring!)
The Latest and Greatest Weight-Loss Diet - Again
High-protein, low carbohydrate dietsToo much fatToo much proteinToo little everything elseThe bodys perspective