Post on 15-Dec-2015
Baseline knowledge about ICT in Nepal
Rohan Samarajiva Nagarkot, 28-31 March 2015
This work was carried out with the aid of a grant from the International Development Research Centre, Canada and UKaid from the Department for International Development, UK.
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Internet Ecosystem: All elements are important
Infrastructure
Users
Content/ ApplicationsDevices
How can we find data on the components?
• Because telecom (underlying infrastructure of the Internet) is regulated, possible to obtain supply-side data from the government (sector regulator ITU) and small number of suppliers ( GSMA)– More details tomorrow
• Government collects a lot of data • Some market research is also published
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Comparative data Bangladesh Cambodia Myanmar Nepal Sri Lanka
GDP per capita (OER)/USD
985 1167 1,156 730 3,212
Population (’000)
142,319 13,396 51,419 26,494 20,360
Literacy rate adult (15 and above) %
58.6 80.7 93 57 89.9
Secondary school enrolment % net
48 38 47 60 85
Secondary school enrolment % gross
54 45 50 67 99
Tertiary school enrolment %
13 16 14 14 17
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Comparative data
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Bangladesh Cambodia Myanmar Nepal Sri Lanka
GDP per capita (OER)/USD
985 1167 1,156 730 3,212
Population (’000)
142,319 13,396 51,419 26,494 20,360
Internet subscriptions (2014)
43,642,000 99,785 5,305,485
Internet subscriptions per 100
30.7 3.8 26.1
Households with Internet access at home (%)
4.6 5.5 2.2 5.6 10.9
Comparative data
Bangladesh Cambodia Myanmar Nepal Sri Lanka
Internet users per 100- ITU method (2013)
6.5 6.0 1.2 13.3 21.9
Internet users per 100- LIRNEasia method (2013)
6.5 6.0 13.6 13.3 34.8
International Internet bandwidth bits per Internet user
3,984 9,301 26,199 2,434 4,964
International Internet bandwidth bits per Internet user adjusted to LIRNEasia Internet user numbers (2013)
3,984 9,301 2,312 2,434 3,124
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Comparative data: Nepal is highest among peers in one thing
Bangladesh Cambodia Myanmar Nepal Sri Lanka
Population (’000) 142,319 13,396 51,419 26,494 20,360
Facebook users (2014), millions
9.8 1.88 2.8 4 2.4
Facebook users per 100
6.89 14.03 5.45 15.10 11.797
Nepal is only S Asian country where Facebook users > Internet users
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Population (‘000s)
Internet users, ITU est. (‘000s)
Internet users/100 pop
Facebook users ('000)
Facebook users/100 pop
Internet user-Fb user ('000)
Philippines 92,338 34,165 37.0 38,000 41 -3,835
Thailand 65,479 18,950 28.9 30,000 46 -11,050
Sri Lanka 20,271 4,439 21.9 2,400 12 2,039
Indonesia 237,641 37,595 15.8 70,000 29 -32,405
India 1,210,855 182,839 15.1 110,000 9 72,839
Pakistan 197,361 21,512 10.9 16,200 8 5,312
Bangladesh 156,887 10,198 6.5 9,600 6 598
Myanmar 51,419 617 1.2 2,000 4 -1,383
Nepal 26,494
3,524 13.3 4,000 15 -476
Mostly not surprising
• Correlated with wealth and literacy• Not correlated with median age, but that can be
explained
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Median age of population
24.3 24.1 27.9 22.9 31
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Any other interesting conclusions?
• Nepal being high on Facebook/100: Good? • Any others?
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Composite indices Bangladesh Cambodia Myanmar Nepal Sri Lanka
Inward FDI Attraction Index (2011) - out of a possible 189
144 65 133 175 159
Doing business index (2014) - out of a possible 189
173 135 177 108 99
Network Readiness Index (2013) - out of a possible 148
119 108 146 123 76
ICT Development Index (2012)- out of a possible 157
135 120 134 N/A 107
Knowledge Economy Index- 2012 (KEI) - out of a possible 145
137 132 145 135 101
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What’s the value of composite indices?• If you want to measure progress on Internet
access are the individual metrics adequate?
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What do we have data about? Where can we find what is missing?
Infrastructure
Users
Content/ ApplicationsDevices