TechnicalDevelopment

We will learn in this

section: •What is a skill and how skills differ from abilities

•How the brain learns movement Skills

•Theories involved with learning Skills

We will learn today:

1. Be able to state the characteristics of a skill and an ability

2. Able to describe the difference between a skill and an ability

3. Be able to classify skills on at least 1 continuum (some people up to 4)

Understand the role skill acquisition plays in participating

in physical activity.

Why is skill acquisition important?

• Learned• Efficient• Fluent• Aesthetic• Born-with• underlying factors • natural• Enduring• co-ordination

Skill v Ability

• Permanent Changes in behaviour

• Goal Directed• Strength• Economic• Fluent• Quick thinking• Aesthetic• natural• innate or inherited

Which words match which

term?

Skill

‘Skill is said to be gained through learning. Skill is said to be learned behaviour’

(B.Knapp)

Skills are:

Goal Directed – used to achieve

something

Learned – You are born with

themPermanent changes in behaviour

Efficient – minimum

effort

Fluent

Aesthetic

L. P. G.E. F. A.

• Little Pinky Green Expensive Ferrari Admirer

The word skill used in two main ways

Skills usually need to bring together a number of our

Abilities

To relate to an act or task

(taking a penalty kick)

As an indicator of the quality of a performance (a well

executed shot may be said to be skilful)

Despite her early performances being unsuccessful or needing her coaches support she has

When we say a Gymnast has performed a skilful back somersault we mean that:

• Learned to do the skill and can now do this every time,• Would gain a good mark in a competition• Performs with minimum effort and so efficiently• Performs the movement fluently and with confidence• Looks good in the performance and generally is close to the

technical model

AbilityWe are not born with the skills of catching, kicking and throwing etc they have to be learned

But we are born with underlying factors that allow us to perform those tasks

Abilities are:NaturalInnate or inheritedTend to be enduring traits E.g.

Strength Co-ordination Quick thinking Agility Speed

These are ABILITIES

What abilities do you need to….

Catch a ball?Hand eye coordination

AccuracyBalance

Fine motor control

Combinations of abilities are needed to perform most skills

Abilities required?

Abilities

Gross Motor Abilities: are generally related to

athletic and gross physical performance

i.e. physical fitness abilities

Psychomotor abilities:Movement controlled by the brain (psycho…

brain; motor…movement

Back to skill…..

There are 3 different Types of Skill Intellectual Skills or Cognitive Skills

Skills that involve the use of a persons mental powers like problem solving and verbal reasoning Perceptive Skills

Interpreting and making use of information coming in via the senses. eg. where to pass the ball or which shot to play in Golf

Motor Skills

Smoothly executing physical movements and responses (Voluntary Movements – eg. writing your name)

Perceptual Skill : What can You See?

Classification of movement skills

Skills have been classified on a variety of continuum.

A continuum is a line with two opposing ends and gradual changes in characteristics in between

Why classify

?

There are 4 main Continuum

Fine (Snooker Shot)

Gross (Shot

Putt)

1) Precision of the Movement

2) Is there a Definite Beginning and End?

Continuous

Serial Discrete

Running

Triple Jump

Badminton Serve

3) Who Controls the timing of the movement?

4) Does the Environment affect the skill?

Internal Pace(Tennis Serve)

External Pace(Return of Serve)

OPEN(Hockey pass in Game)

CLOSED(Hockey pass in

Practice)

Difficulty Continuum

Two others could be:

SIMPLE COMPLEX

Organisational Continuum

LOW HIGH

Swimsuits developments – Case study 2Activity….Place each of the following 8 skills on the first 4 continua (use an X and a letter to identify the skill

Long jumpCycling

Basketball dribbleBasketball lay up

Taking a penalty in footballGymnastic vault

Rifle range shootingReceiving a serve in

badminton

Activity 2

List the abilities important in your sportList 5 skills for your sport and classify them

We will learn today:

1. Be able to state the characteristics of a skill and an ability

2. Able to describe the difference between a skill and an ability

3. Be able to classify skills on at least 1 continuum (some people up to 4)