In this section we investigate:

Technical Development

•What is a skill and how skills differ from abilities

•How the brain learns movement Skills

•Theories involved with learning Skills

•How we can best teach different sorts of skills

Understand the role skill acquisition plays in participating in physical activity

Write down 5 words your associate with skills and 5 you associate with abilities

What’s the difference?

‘Skill is said to be gained through learning. Skill is said to be learned behaviour’(B.Knapp)

Skills are:

•Learned: You are not born with them

•Permanent Changes in Behaviour

• Goal Directed: Used to achieve something

•Efficient: Minimum effort

•Fluent

•Aesthetic

Little Pinky Green Expensive Ferrari Admirer

The word ‘Skill’ can be used in two main ways:

•To relate to an act or task (taking a penalty kick)

•As an indicator of the quality of a performance (a well executed shot may be said to be skilful)

Skills usually need to bring together a number of our Abilities

We are not born with the skills of catching, kicking and throwing etc they have to be learned

But we are born with underlying factors that allow us to perform those tasks

Natural Innate or inheritedTend to be enduring traits E.g.

Strength Co-ordination Quick thinking Agility Speed

These are ABILITIES

Catch a ball? Hand eye coordination Accuracy Balance Fine motor control

Combinations of abilities are needed to perform most skills

Psychomotor abilitiesGross Motor abilities

Despite her early performances being unsuccessful or needing her coaches support she has:

Learned to do the skill and can now do this every time,

Would gain a good mark in a competition

Performs with minimum effort and so efficiently

Performs the movement fluently and with confidence

Looks good in the performance and generally is close to the technical model

When we say a Gymnast has performed a skilful back somersault we mean that:

There are 3 different Types of Skill Intellectual Skills or Cognitive Skills

Skills that involve the use of a persons mental powers like problem solving and verbal reasoning Perceptive Skills

Interpreting and making use of information coming in via the senses. eg. where to pass the ball or which shot to play in Golf

Motor Skills

Smoothly executing physical movements and responses (Voluntary Movements – eg. writing your name)

Cognitive

Knowing

Perceptive(Affective)

Feeling

Motor Doing

Psychomotor/ Perceptual Motor Skills: when decisions are applied to an action so often using all 3 types of skill

Perceptual Skill : What can You See?

Classification of Movement Skills

Skills have been classified on a variety of continuum.

A continuum is a line with two opposing ends and gradual changes in characteristics in between

There are 4 main Continuum

Fine (Snooker Shot)

Gross (Shot

Putt)

1) Precision of the Movement

2) Is there a Definite Beginning and End?

Continuous

Serial Discrete

Running

Triple Jump

Badminton Serve

3) Who Controls the timing of the movement?

4) Does the Environment affect the skill?

Internal Pace(Tennis Serve)

External Pace(Return of Serve)

OPEN(Hockey pass in Game)

CLOSED(Hockey pass in

Practice

Two others could be:

SIMPLE COMPLEX

Organisational Continuum

LOW HIGH

List the abilities important in your sport

List 10 skills for your sport and classify them