Ambient  Learning  DisplaysDistributed  Mixed  Reality  Informa6on  Mash-­‐ups  to  

support  Ubiquitous  Learning

Dirk  Börner

The  adjec6ve  ambient  is  defined  as  “rela5ng  to  the  immediate  surroundings  of  something”  or  “rela6ng  to  or  deno6ng  adver6sing  that  makes  use  of  sites  or  objects  other  than  the  established  media”  (Oxford  Dic6onaries,  2010),  while  the  noun  display  is  among  others  defined  as  “a  collec5on  of  objects  arranged  for  public  viewing”,  but  also  as  “an  electronic  device  for  the  visual  presenta5on  

of  data  or  images”  (Oxford  Dic6onaries,  2010).

Defini5on

Wisneski  et  al.  introduced  ambient  displays  as  “new  approach  to  interfacing  people  with  online  digital  informa5on”  (Wisneski  et  al.,  1998).  Inspired  by  Weiser’s  vision  of  ubiquitous  compu6ng  (Weiser,  

1993)  the  “informa5on  is  moved  off  the  screen  into  the  physical  environment,  manifes5ng  itself  as  subtle  changes  in  form,  movement,  sound,  colour,  smell,  

temperature,  or  light”  (Wisneski  et  al.,  1998).

Defini5on

Tokyo  Tower

Mount  Fuji

Mount  Fuji

Informa5onPeripheral  Situated  (Context)Subtle  changes

Defini5on

Informa5onPeripheral  Situated  (Context)Subtle  changes

AwarenessFeedbackMo5va5on

Defini5on

Informa5onPeripheral  Situated  (Context)Subtle  changes

AwarenessFeedbackMo5va5on

DigitalContext-­‐awareVarious  senses

Defini5on

Ambient  Learning  Display>>>  Type

Ambient  Learning  Display>>>  Type

Hello.Wall

EyeStop Nuage  Vert

AmbientUmbrella

Digital  Retail

BBC

UbiGreen

Flower  Lamp

Power  Aware  Cord

Orb

Concep

tual  Design  Fram

ework

Börner,  D.,  Kalz,  M.,  &  Specht,  M.  (2011).  Thinking  outside  the  box  –  a  vision  of   ambient  learning  displays.  Interna'onal  Journal  of  Technology  Enhanced  Learning,  3(6),  627–642.

Theore5cal  Background[h^

p://www.wired.com

/magazine/2011/06/]

Theo

re5cal  Backgroun

d

State of the Environment

PerformDecision

Situational Awareness

ProjectComprehend

Perceive

Theo

re5cal  Backgroun

d

State of the Environment

PerformDecision

Situational Awareness

ProjectComprehend

Perceive

Situa5onal  Awareness  (Endsley,  2000):  “the  percep6on  of  elements  in  the  environment  within  a  volume  of  6me  and  space,  the  comprehension  of  their  meaning  and  the  projec6on  of  their  status  in  the  near  future”

Theo

re5cal  Backgroun

d

State of the Environment

PerformDecision

Situational Awareness

ProjectComprehend

Perceive

Situa5onal  Awareness  (Endsley,  2000):  “the  percep6on  of  elements  in  the  environment  within  a  volume  of  6me  and  space,  the  comprehension  of  their  meaning  and  the  projec6on  of  their  status  in  the  near  future”

Feedback  (Mory,  2004):  research  variables  of  interest  are  informa6on  content  and  load  referred  to  as  complexity,  6ming,  error  analysis,  learning  outcome,  and  mo6va6on

Ambient  Learning  Display>>>  Scenario

Ambient  Learning  Display>>>  Scenario

h\p://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jZkHpNnXLB0

Pousman  and  Stasko  (2006)  introduced  a  taxonomy  for  ambient  informa6on  systems  describing  four  design  

dimensions  [...]  informa5on  capacity  is  determined  by  the  amount  of  informa6on  represented  by  the  system,  no5fica5on  level  is  the  degree  of  user  interrup6on,  representa5onal  fidelity  describes  how  the  data  is  

encoded,  and  aesthe5c  emphasis  reflects  the  effort  put  into  design  and  embedding  (Pousman  &  Stasko,  2006).

Dimensions

Börner,  D.,  Kalz,  M.,  &  Specht,  M.  (submi^ed).  Closer  to  you:  A  literature  review  on  ambient  display  design  and  evalua6on.  Special  Issue  of  Interac6ng  with  Computers  on  the  Social  Implica6ons  of  Embedded  Systems.

Literature  Review

Börner,  D.,  Kalz,  M.,  &  Specht,  M.  (submi^ed).  Beyond  the  channel:  A   literature  review  on  ambient  displays  for  learning.  Computers  and  Educa6on.

Literature  Review

Börner,  D.,  Kalz,  M.,  &  Specht,  M.  (submi^ed).  Beyond  the  channel:  A   literature  review  on  ambient  displays  for  learning.  Computers  and  Educa6on.

Literature  Review

Ambient  Learning  Display>>>  Design

Ambient  Learning  Display>>>  Design

Experiment  1

Attitude

Awareness

Intention

Knowledge

Energy Awareness

Display

Consumption/Conservation

Attention

Ambient Information

Action

Experiment  2h^p://www.plugwise.com/

Experiment  2

Experiment  2

Experiment  2

Experiment  2

Experiment  3

Experiment  3

Experiment  3

Dirk  Börner

tel:  +31  45576  2506skype:  dirk_boerneremail:  dirk.boerner@ou.nl

Valkenburgerweg  1776419  AT  HeerlenThe  Netherlands