Purines
5. 10Methylene THF
serine
glycine
Thymidinesynthesis
dUMP
THF
Yasko Methylation Pathway Content and diagrams may not be reproduced without express permission from NRI
Tryptophan Tyrosine
Arginine
Ornithine
UREA
Citrulline + NO
taurine
5 MethylTHF
Serotonin Dopamine
BH4
AMMONIABH2
NorEp
HIAA
VMA
0 B
H4
1 B
H4
2 B
H4
HVA
Methionine
Homocysteine
cystathionine
Cysteine + , -ketobutyrate
glutathione
Guanido AC
adenosine
SAMe
methylation
SAH
DNA, RNAProtein, lipids
Creatine Creatinine
BH4Cycle
UreaCycle
Methionine CycleFolate
Cycle
DMGTMG
glycineThe four cycles that make up the Methylation Cycle. This first diagram shows the pathways and the biochemical compounds that are a part of these cycles.
1
NeuronalDamage
MicroglialActivation
Peroxynitrite
Super Oxide
Purines
5. 10Methylene THF
serine
glycine
Thymidinesynthesis
dUMP
THF
Yasko Methylation Pathway Content and diagrams may not be reproduced without express permission from NRI
Tryptophan Tyrosine
Arginine
Ornithine
UREA
Citrulline + NO
taurine
5 MethylTHF
Serotonin Dopamine
BH4
AMMONIABH2
NorEp
HIAA
VMA
0 B
H4
1 B
H4
2 B
H4
HVA
Methionine
Homocysteine
cystathionine
Cysteine + , -ketobutyrate
glutathione
Guanido AC
adenosine
SAMe
methylation
SAH
DNA, RNAProtein, lipids
Creatine Creatinine
BH4Cycle
UreaCycle
Methionine CycleFolate
Cycle
DMGTMG
glycineThe four cycles that make up the Methylation Cycle. This first diagram shows the pathways and the biochemical compounds that are a part of these cycles.
1
NeuronalDamage
MicroglialActivation
Peroxynitrite
Super Oxide
SHMT
MTHFRDHPRNOS
MAO A
COMT
COMT
BHMT
CBS
The second diagram layers on the location of the genes in the nutrigenomic test to show where the possible locations of SNPs are in these biochemical pathways. The location of the where these genes act on these pathways are in color.
2
Dopamine
SOD
GST
MAT
AHCY
MTR MTRR
MAO B
Purines
5. 10Methylene THF
serine
glycine
Thymidinesynthesis
dUMP
THF
Yasko Methylation Pathway Content and diagrams may not be reproduced without express permission from NRI
Tryptophan Tyrosine
Arginine
Ornithine
UREA
Citrulline + NO
taurine
5 MethylTHF
Serotonin Dopamine
BH4
AMMONIABH2
NorEp
HIAA
VMA
0 B
H4
1 B
H4
2 B
H4
HVA
Methionine
Homocysteine
cystathionine
Cysteine + , -ketobutyrate
glutathione
Guanido AC
adenosine
SAMe
methylation
SAH
DNA, RNAProtein, lipids
Creatine Creatinine
BH4Cycle
UreaCycle
Methionine CycleFolate
Cycle
DMGTMG
glycineThe four cycles that make up the Methylation Cycle. This first diagram shows the pathways and the biochemical compounds that are a part of these cycles.
1
NeuronalDamage
MicroglialActivation
Peroxynitrite
Super Oxide
SHMT
MTHFRDHPRNOS
MAO A
COMT
COMT
BHMT
CBS
The second diagram layers on the location of the genes in the nutrigenomic test to show where the possible locations of SNPs are in these biochemical pathways. The location of the where these genes act on these pathways are in color.
2
Dopamine
SOD
GST
MAT
AHCY
MTR MTRR
MAO B
NADH
The products of the genes often require what are called cofactors which are helpers that aid the gene in their function. The cofactors are noted in purple circles.
3
ATP
ATP
B2
B12
B6
B6
Zn
Zn
heme
heme
heme
ATP
Mg
Mg
Purines
5. 10Methylene THF
serine
glycine
Thymidinesynthesis
dUMP
THF
Yasko Methylation Pathway Content and diagrams may not be reproduced without express permission from NRI
Tryptophan Tyrosine
Arginine
Ornithine
UREA
Citrulline + NO
taurine
5 MethylTHF
Serotonin Dopamine
BH4
AMMONIABH2
NorEp
HIAA
VMA
0 B
H4
1 B
H4
2 B
H4
HVA
Methionine
Homocysteine
cystathionine
Cysteine + , -ketobutyrate
glutathione
Guanido AC
adenosine
SAMe
methylation
SAH
DNA, RNAProtein, lipids
Creatine Creatinine
BH4Cycle
UreaCycle
Methionine CycleFolate
Cycle
DMGTMG
glycineThe four cycles that make up the Methylation Cycle. This first diagram shows the pathways and the biochemical compounds that are a part of these cycles.
1
NeuronalDamage
MicroglialActivation
Peroxynitrite
Super Oxide
SHMT
MTHFRDHPRNOS
MAO A
COMT
COMT
BHMT
CBS
The second diagram layers on the location of the genes in the nutrigenomic test to show where the possible locations of SNPs are in these biochemical pathways. The location of the where these genes act on these pathways are in color.
2
Dopamine
SOD
GST
MAT
AHCY
MTR MTRR
MAO B
NADH
The products of the genes often require what are called cofactors which are helpers that aid the gene in their function. The cofactors are noted in purple circles.
3
ATP
ATP
B2
B12
B6
B6
Zn
Zn
heme
heme
heme
ATP
Mg
Mg
There are places where nutritional support can be added to feed into these pathways. This helps to get around blocks due to malfunctions in the blue boxed genes. The places and names of the supplements that can be added to bypass mutations and where they can feed in to help with these pathways are in green.
4DHA
PC
PE
PS
choline
5 FormylTHF
5 MethylTHF
Nucleotides
DopamineIGF
MethionineSAMe
B12
Purines
5. 10Methylene THF
serine
glycine
Thymidinesynthesis
dUMP
THF
Yasko Methylation Pathway Content and diagrams may not be reproduced without express permission from NRI
Tryptophan Tyrosine
Arginine
Ornithine
UREA
Citrulline + NO
taurine
5 MethylTHF
Serotonin Dopamine
BH4
AMMONIABH2
NorEp
HIAA
VMA
0 B
H4
1 B
H4
2 B
H4
HVA
Methionine
Homocysteine
cystathionine
Cysteine + , -ketobutyrate
glutathione
Guanido AC
adenosine
SAMe
methylation
SAH
DNA, RNAProtein, lipids
Creatine Creatinine
BH4Cycle
UreaCycle
Methionine CycleFolate
Cycle
DMGTMG
glycineThe four cycles that make up the Methylation Cycle. This first diagram shows the pathways and the biochemical compounds that are a part of these cycles.
1
NeuronalDamage
MicroglialActivation
Peroxynitrite
Super Oxide
SHMT
MTHFRDHPRNOS
MAO A
COMT
COMT
BHMT
CBS
The second diagram layers on the location of the genes in the nutrigenomic test to show where the possible locations of SNPs are in these biochemical pathways. The location of the where these genes act on these pathways are in color.
2
Dopamine
SOD
GST
MAT
AHCY
MTR MTRR
MAO B
NADH
The products of the genes often require what are called cofactors which are helpers that aid the gene in their function. The cofactors are noted in purple circles.
3
ATP
ATP
B2
B12
B6
B6
Zn
Zn
heme
heme
heme
ATP
Mg
Mg
There are places where nutritional support can be added to feed into these pathways. This helps to get around blocks due to malfunctions in the blue boxed genes. The places and names of the supplements that can be added to bypass mutations and where they can feed in to help with these pathways are in green.
4DHA
PC
PE
PS
choline
5 FormylTHF
5 MethylTHF
Nucleotides
DopamineIGF
MethionineSAMe
B12
Toxic metals can inhibit steps in these pathways even if there are not blocks due to mutations. Also products from the pathway can inhibit other reac-tions in the pathway. The locations of where the pathways are inhibited are noted in red.
5
LEAD
LEAD
ALUM
LEAD
SAH
SAH
LEADALUMMERCURY
SAH
Purines
5. 10Methylene THF
serine
glycine
Thymidinesynthesis
dUMP
THF
Yasko Methylation Pathway Content and diagrams may not be reproduced without express permission from NRI
Tryptophan Tyrosine
Arginine
Ornithine
UREA
Citrulline + NO
taurine
5 MethylTHF
Serotonin Dopamine
BH4
AMMONIABH2
NorEp
HIAA
VMA
0 B
H4
1 B
H4
2 B
H4
HVA
Methionine
Homocysteine
cystathionine
Cysteine + , -ketobutyrate
glutathione
Guanido AC
adenosine
SAMe
methylation
SAH
DNA, RNAProtein, lipids
Creatine Creatinine
BH4Cycle
UreaCycle
Methionine CycleFolate
Cycle
DMGTMG
glycineThe four cycles that make up the Methylation Cycle. This first diagram shows the pathways and the biochemical compounds that are a part of these cycles.
1
NeuronalDamage
MicroglialActivation
Peroxynitrite
Super Oxide
SHMT
MTHFRDHPRNOS
MAO A
COMT
COMT
BHMT
CBS
The second diagram layers on the location of the genes in the nutrigenomic test to show where the possible locations of SNPs are in these biochemical pathways. The location of the where these genes act on these pathways are in color.
2
Dopamine
SOD
GST
MAT
AHCY
MTR MTRR
MAO B
NADH
The products of the genes often require what are called cofactors which are helpers that aid the gene in their function. The cofactors are noted in purple circles.
3
ATP
ATP
B2
B12
B6
B6
Zn
Zn
heme
heme
heme
ATP
Mg
Mg
There are places where nutritional support can be added to feed into these pathways. This helps to get around blocks due to malfunctions in the blue boxed genes. The places and names of the supplements that can be added to bypass mutations and where they can feed in to help with these pathways are in green.
4DHA
PC
PE
PS
choline
5 FormylTHF
5 MethylTHF
Nucleotides
DopamineIGF
MethionineSAMe
B12
Toxic metals can inhibit steps in these pathways even if there are not blocks due to mutations. Also products from the pathway can inhibit other reac-tions in the pathway. The locations of where the pathways are inhibited are noted in red.
5
LEAD
LEAD
ALUM
LEAD
SAH
SAH
LEADALUMMERCURY
SAH
The actual SNPs, or mutations in the genes are noted in pink. Recall that the genes in this pathway that are looked at by nutrigenomic testing are in blue boxes. The pink boxes show where the mutations in these genes occur thus affecting the position in the cycle where they are located.
6SODmutations
MTHFRC677T
CBSC699Tmutation
MTR &MTRR
MTHFRA1298C
CBSothermutations
NOSmutations
COMT ++V158M
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