WARM-UP!
• WHICH ONE IS SOLUTE AND WHICH ONE IS SOLVENT IN THE FOLLOWING?
1. KOOL-AID & WATER
2. COFFEE & CREAMER
3. JELLO MIX & WATER
SOLUBILITY
HOW MUCH COFFEE CAN DISSOLVE
IN WATER?
SOLUTION FORMATION
*WATCH A VIDEO*
• SINCE MOLECULES ARE MOVING RANDOMLY, A SOLUTION WILL FORM BY ITSELF IF THE SOLUTE IS SOLUBLE
• WHAT CAN WE DO TO MAKE A SOLUTE DISSOLVE FASTER?
1. AGITATE (STIR) THE SOLUTION
2. INCREASE TEMPERATURE
3. DECREASE PARTICLE SIZE (INCREASE SURFACE AREA)
SOLUBILITY
• WHEN YOU ADD A SOLUTE TO A SOLVENT, YOU EVENTUALLY REACH A POINT WHERE NO MORE SOLUTE CAN DISSOLVE.
• THE AMOUNT THAT DISSOLVES IN 100 G OF WATER IS CALLED “SOLUBILITY”
• UNIT: G OF SOLUTE/100 G (ML) OF WATER
SATURATED SOLUTION
• SATURATED SOLUTION: WHEN THE MAXIMUM AMOUNT OF SOLUTE IS DISSOLVED
• UNSATURATED SOLUTION: WHEN LESS THAN THE MAXIMUM AMOUNT OF SOLUTE IS DISSOLVED
• SUPERSATURATED SOLUTION: WHEN MORE THAN THE MAXIMUM AMOUNT OF SOLUTE IS DISSOLVED (USED IN MAKING ROCK CANDIES)
SOLUBILITY & TEMPERATURE
• AS TEMPERATURE INCREASES, THE KINETIC ENERGY OF PARTICLES INCREASE (PARTICLES MOVE FASTER)
MORE COLLISIONS BETWEEN SOLUTE AND SOLVENT PARTICLES
THE HIGHER TEMPERATURE, THE MORE SOLUBLE
• BUT GASES ARE LESS SOLUBLE AT HIGHER TEMPERATURE
THE HIGHER KINETIC ENERGY OF GAS PARTICLES ALLOWS THEM TO ESCAPE FROM A SOLUTION (FLAT SODA ON A HOT DAY)
SOLUBILITY GRAPH
Top Related