Download - T+PTA Codebookcambridge.org:id:article:S... · cinematographic works. 7 EFTA Georgia 2016 Annex XV e.g. Article 3.1 Without predjudice to the obligations set out in the international

ID Category VariableName Description Note Occurence(outof128)

ExamplePTA Wording

1 Copyright copyright_term_protection_70

Duration70years:Thisvariablecodesthedurationofprotectionofliteraryworkinyearsofcopyrightbeyondthedeathoftheauthor(s).

Codeifnumberofyearsofprotection“afterlife”is70Note:codethe"generalrule":whicheverappliestomostcategoriesofcopyright.

32 BahrainUS2004,Article14.4.4

4.EachPartyshallprovidethat,wherethetermofprotectionofawork(includingaphotographicwork),performance,orphonogramistobecalculated:(a)onthebasisofthelifeofanaturalperson,thetermshallbenotlessthanthelifeoftheauthorand70yearsaftertheauthor’sdeath;and

2 Copyright copyright_term_protection_90

Duration90years:Thisvariablecodesthedurationofprotectionofliteraryworkinyearsofcopyrightbeyondthedeathoftheauthor(s).

Codeifnumberofyearsofprotection“afterlife”is90Note:codethe"generalrule":whicheverappliestomostcategoriesofcopyright.

0 noexample

3 Copyright copyright_scope_videograms

Scopeincludesvideograms:Thisvariablescodesifthescopeforcopyrightprotectionincludesvideograms.

CodeifvideogramsarecoveredinthecopyrightsectionofthePTA.Note:TRIPSonlyreferstocinematographicworks.

7 EFTAGeorgia2016AnnexXVe.g.Article3.1

WithoutpredjudicetotheobligationssetoutintheinternationalagreementstowhichthePartiesareparties,eachPartyshall,inaccordancewithitslawsandregulations,grantandensureadequateandeffectiveprotectiontotheauthorsofworksandtoperformers,producersofphonogramsandvideogramsandbroadcastingorganisationsfortheirworks,performances,phonograms,videogramsandbroadcasts,respectively.

4 Copyright copyright_private_use_exception_specific

Privateuseexceptions:Thisvariablecodestheextentoftowhichaprivateuseexceptionexistsincopyright.

Codeifexceptionsincludeatleastaspecifiedsetofscenariosforusers.Note:Iftheprivateuseexceptionisonlyrelatedtoanti-circumventivemeasuresthenitisnotcoded.

4 ECUkraine2014,Section2,Sub-section1,Article172

NON-EXAMPLES:BahrainUS2004,Article14.4.7(a)

1.PartiesmayprovideforlimitationsontherightsreferredtoinArticles169,170,and171ofthisAgreementinrespectof:(a)privateuse;(b)useofshortexcerptsinconnectionwiththereportingofcurrentevents;(c)ephemeralfixationbyabroadcastingorganisationbymeansofitsownfacilitiesandforitsownbroadcasts;(d)usesolelyforthepurposeofteachingorscientificresearch.2.Nothwithstandingparagrahp1,Partiesmayprovideforthesamekindsoflimitationswithregardtotheprotectionofperformers,producersofphonograms,broadcastingorganisationsandproducersofthefirstfixationsoffilms,astheyprovideforinconnectionwiththeprotectionofcopyrightinliteraryandartisticworks.However,compulsorylicencesmaybeprovidedforonlytotheextenttowhichtheyarecompatiblewiththeRomeConvention.3.Thelimitationssetoutinparagraphs1and2ofthisArticleshallbeappliedonlyincertainspecialcaseswhichdonotconflictwithanormalexplotationofthesubjectmatteranddonotunreasonablyprejudicethelegitimateinterestsoftherightholder.

shallbeliableandsubjecttotheremediesprovidedforinArticle14.10.14.EachPartyshallprovideforcriminalproceduresandpenaltiestobeappliedwhenanyperson,otherthananonprofitlibrary,archive,educationalinstitution,orpublicnoncommercialbroadcastingentity,isfoundtohaveengagedwillfullyandforpurposesofcommercialadvantageorprivatefinancialgainintheaboveactivities.Thisdoesnottellyouthatyoucanhaveexceptionstorightsconferredbycopyrightforeducationalorotherpurposes.Itjusttellsyouthatyoumightnotimposecriminalproceduresonthem(butcivilproceduresremainsanoption).Moreover,article14.4.7isonlyaboutcircumventionofeffectivetechnologicalmeasures.

EachPartyshallconfineexceptionstomeasuresimplementingsubparagraph(a)tothefollowingactivities,whichshallbeappliedtorelevantmeasuresinaccordancewithsubparagraph(f):[...]Article14.4.7.aisonlyaboutcircumventionofeffectivetechnologicalmeasures.Excludesexceptionsonlyrelatedtoanti-circumventivemeasures.Theexceptionhastobestatedindependentlyfromaspecificinfringement.

5 Copyright copyright_scope_berne_6bis

Article6bisoftheBerneConventionisincludedinthecopyrightsection.

CodeifthetextoftheBerneConventionArticle6bisiscopiedorhighlysimilarlyincludedinthecopyrightIPRsectionofthePTA.Note:TRIPSnotesthatArticle6bisisexcluded.

14 ColombiaEFTA2008,Article6.8.2Article6.8.3

2.Independentlyoftheauthor’seconomicrights,andevenafterthetransferofthesaidrights,theauthorshallhavetherighttoclaim,atleast,authorshipoftheworkandtoobjecttoanydistortion,mutilationorothermodificationof,orotherderogatoryactioninrelationto,thesaidwork,whichwouldbeprejudicialtohishonourorreputation.3.Therightsgrantedtotheauthorinaccordancewithparagraph2shall,afterhisdeath,bemaintained,atleastuntiltheexpiryoftheeconomicrights,andshallbeexercisablebythepersonsorinstitutionsauthorisedbythelegislationofthecountrywhereprotectionisclaimed.

T+PTACodebook


ExamplePTA Wording

T+PTACodebook

6 Copyright copyright_anti_circumvention_technology_measures

Anti-circumventionoftechnologyprotectionmeasures:ThisvariablecodeswhetheractionstocircumventTPMs(regionlock,DRM,etc.)canbeconsideredascopyrightinfringement.

Codeifitcoversatleastcircumventionforcommercialuse.Note:inSpanishPTAssearchfor"elusión(demedidastecnológiacsdeprotección)"or"medidasdeproteccióndetecnología

38 BahrainUS2004,Article14.4.7(a)

Inordertoprovideadequatelegalprotectionandeffectivelegalremediesagainstthecircumventionofeffectivetechnologicalmeasuresthatauthors,performers,andproducersofphonogramsuseinconnectionwiththeexerciseoftheirrightsandthatrestrictunauthorizedactsinrespectoftheirworks,performances,andphonograms,eachPartyshallprovidethatanypersonwho:[...]”

7 Trademark trademark_scope_3d_marks

Scopeofprotection:3-DmarksThisvariablecodesthetypeofmarksthatmayberegisteredundertrademarklegislation.

Codeif3-Dmarks(includingfashion)arecoveredNote:inSpanishPTAssearchfor"tridimensional"

2 AustraliaJapan2014,Article16.9

Anysign,oranycombinationofsigns,capableofdistinguishingthegoodsorservicesofoneundertakingfromthoseofotherundertakings,shallbecapableofconstitutingatrademark.Suchsigns,inparticularwordsincludingpersonalnames,letters,numerals,figurativeelements,three-dimensionalshapesandcombinationsofcoloursaswellasanycombinationofsuchsigns,shallbeeligibleforregistrationasatrademark.

8 Trademark trademark_scope_sounds

Scopeofprotection:SoundsThisvariablecodesthetypeofmarksthatmayberegisteredundertrademarklegislation.

Codeifsoundsarecovered. 37 BahrainUS2004,Article14.2.1

NeitherPartymayrequire,asaconditionofregistration,thatsignsbevisuallyperceptibleandneitherPartymaydenyregistrationofatrademarksolelyonthegroundsthatthesignofwhichitiscomposedisasoundorthatthesignincludesascent.

9 Trademark trademark_scope_holograms

Scopeofprotection:HologramsThisvariablecodesthetypeofmarksthatmayberegisteredundertrademarklegislation.

Codeifhologramsarecovered 0 noexample

10 Trademark trademark_scope_scents_smells

Scopeofprotection:Scents/smellsThisvariablecodesthetypeofmarksthatmayberegisteredundertrademarklegislation.

Codeifscents/smellsarecovered. 21 BahrainUS2004,Article14.2.1

NeitherPartymayrequire,asaconditionofregistration,thatsignsbevisuallyperceptibleandneitherPartymaydenyregistrationofatrademarksolelyonthegroundsthatthesignofwhichitiscomposedisasoundorthatthesignincludesascent.

11 Trademark trademark_scope_movements

Scopeofprotection:MovementsThisvariablecodesthetypeofmarksthatmayberegisteredundertrademarklegislation.

Codeifmovementsarecovered. 0 noexample

12 Trademark trademark_scope_specific_colour

Scopeofprotection:ColoursThisvariablecodesthetypeofmarksthatmayberegisteredundertrademarklegislation.

Codeif(specific)coloursarecoveredNote:Forthecolourindicator,arrangementsofcolourdoesnotcount,wearelookingfortheabilitytotrademarkaspecificcolour.

12 BahrainUS2004,Article14.2.2,Footnote4

GeographicalindicationsmeansindicationsthatidentifyagoodasoriginatingintheterritoryofaParty,oraregionorlocalityinthatterritory,whereagivenquality,reputation,orothercharacteristicofthegoodisessentiallyattributabletoitsgeographicalorigin.Anysignorcombinationofsigns(suchaswords-includinggeographicalandpersonalnames,aswellasletters,numerals,figurativeelementsandcolors,includingsinglecolors),inanyformwhatsoever,shallbeeligibletobeageographicalindication.GIdefinition,butGIalsodefinedastrademarks,socodedas1(US)

13 Trademark trademark_term Termofinitialtrademarkprotection Codeiftermofinitialregistrationandeachrenewalofregistrationismorethan7years(notnon-use).Note:ClarificationofTRIPSArt.18

34 USVietnam2000,ChapterII,Article6.8

EachPartyshallprovidethattheinitialregistrationofatrademarkbeforatermofatleast10years,andthattheregistrationbeindefinitelyrenewablefortermsofnotlessthan10yearswhenconditionsforrenewalhavebeenmet.

14 Trademark trademark_duration_without_use

Durationofprotectionwithoutuse:morethan3yearsThisvariablecodesforthenumberofyearsatrademarkholdercanrefrainfromusingthemarkwithoutthatmarkbeingsubjecttoexpungement(losingprotectionfortrademark).

Codeifthedurationofprotectionwithoutusefortrademarksismorethan3years.(TRIPSArticle19.1grants3years).

5 MexicoNicaragua1997,Article17-14.2

NON-EXAMPLE:BahrainUS2004,Article14.2.10

2.Elregistropodracancelarseodeclarasecaducoporfaltadeuso,unicamentedespuesdequetranscurraunperiodoininterrumpidodefaltadeusonomayordecincoanosinmediatosanterioresalasolicituddecancelacionodeclaraciondecaducidad,amenosdequeeltitulardelamarcademuestrerazonesvalidasapoyadasenlaexistenciadeobstaculosparaeluso.[...]

10.EachPartyshallprovidethatinitialregistrationandeachrenewalofregistrationofatrademarkshallbeforatermofnolessthan10years.No.Durationafterregistrationanddurationwithoutusearetwodifferentthings.TRIPSprovidesthattheinitialtermofprotectionis7years,butmostOECDcountrieshaveanon-useprotectionofonly3years.


ExamplePTA Wording

T+PTACodebook

15 Trademark trademark_electronic_registration_system

Electronicregistrationsystemfortrademarks

Countriesshallprovideforanelectronicregistrationsystemfortrademarks

37 OmanUS2006,Article15.2.8

EachPartyshallprovideasystemfortheregistrationoftrademarks,whichshallinclude:(a)arequirementtoprovidetotheapplicantacommunicationinwriting,whichmaybeprovidedelectronically,ofthereasonsforarefusaltoregisteratrademark;[...]

16 GeographicalIndications geographical_indication_scope_agricultural

Scopeofprotection:AgriculturalproductsThisvariablecodestheextentofprotectionavailabletoproductsotherthanwine/spiritsintheformofgeographicalindications.

Codeifagriculturalproductsarecovered.Codeifgeographicalindiactionsaregrantedfor"anygood"/"allproducts".Note1:AGIindicatorisnotsatisfiedbylaws/administrativebodiesmeantforTrademarks->excludesGInormscontainedinTrademarks'sections.Note2:WineandSpiritsarealreadyprotectedunderTRIPS.

66 CanadaKorea2014,Article16.10

AlbaniaEFTA2006,AnnexVTitleII,Article7.5

Canadashall,withrespecttothegeographicalindications4of“GoryeoHongsam”,“GoryeoBaeksam”,“GoryeoSusam”,and“IcheonSsal”andtheirtranslations,respectively,“KoreanRedGinseng”,“KoreanWhiteGinseng”,“KoreanFreshGinseng”and“IcheonRice”,providethelegalmeans5forinterestedpartiestoprevent:...

ThePartiesshallprovidethelegalmeansforinterestedpartiestopreventtheuseofageographicalindicationforagriculturalproductsandfoodstuffsforidenticalorcomparableproductsnotoriginatingintheplaceindicatedbythedesignationinquestion.

17 GeographicalIndications geographical_indication_scope_non_agricultural

Scopeofprotection:Non-agriculturalproductsThisvariablecodestheextentofprotectionavailabletoproductsotherthanwine/spiritsintheformofgeographicalindications.

Codeifnon-agriculturalproducts(foodstuff)arecovered.Codeifgeographicalindiactionsaregrantedfor"anygood"/"allproducts".Note1:AGIindicatorisnotsatisfiedbylaws/administrativebodiesmeantforTrademarks->excludesGInormscontainedinTrademarks'sections.WineandSpiritsarealreadyprotectedunderTRIPS.Note2:Foodstuffisnotagricultural(processedgoods)

64 AlbaniaEFTA2009,AnnexV,TitleII,Article7.1

ECKosovo2015,TitleIV,ChapterII,Article35

ThePartiesshallensureintheirnationallawsadequateandeffectivemeanstoprotectgeographicalindicationswithregardtoallproducts,andindicationsofsourcewithregardtoallproductsandservices.

Protectionofgeographicalindicationsforagricultureandfisheryproductsandfoodstuffsotherthanwineandspiritdrinks1.KosovoshallprovideprotectionforthegeographicalindicationsoftheEUregisteredintheEUunderRegulation(EU)No1151/2012oftheEuropeanParliamentandoftheCouncilof21November2012onqualityschemesforagriculturalproductsandfoodstuffs,inaccordancewiththetermslaiddowninthisArticle.GeographicalindicationsofKosovoshallbeeligibleforregistrationintheEUundertheconditionssetoutinthatRegulation.


ExamplePTA Wording

T+PTACodebook

18 GeographicalIndications geographical_indication_registered_names_generic

Protectionagainstgenericity:Thisvariablecodeswhetheraregisteredgeographicalindicationcanbecomeagenerictermforaproduct/servicethatotherscanuse.

Codeifregisterednamescannotbecomegeneric.Note:AGIindicatorisnotsatisfiedbylaws/administrativebodiesmeantforTrademarks->excludesGInormscontainedinTrademarks'sections.

13 ECMoldova2014,AnnexXXX-APartC,Article6

Arulethatprotectednamesmaynotbecomegeneric.

19 GeographicalIndications geographical_indication_extent_delocalizers

Extentofprotection:DelocalizersThisvariablecodeswhetheritispossibletocircumventGIprotectionbytheuseofdelocalizers(productaccompaniedbyexpressionssuchas“imitationof”,“style”,“type”,“kind”,etc.)orbytranslation.Thisvariablecodestheextentofprotectionavailabletoproductsotherthanwine/spiritsintheformofgeographicalindications.Note:makesurethatthePTAdoesnotonlycoverwineandspiritrelatedGIsandthatthedeloclizersarenotonlyprohibitedforwineandspirits(ifsoitisnotTRIPS+andshouldnotbecoded).

CodeifdelocalizersareprohibitedwithoutGIholderconsent.Note:AGIindicatorisnotsatisfiedbylaws/administrativebodiesmeantforTrademarks->excludesGInormscontainedinTrademarks'sections.

18 ECMontenegro2007,Article33.2andAnnexIIArticle6.5

NAFTA1992,Article1712.3

MontenegroshallprohibitanyuseinitsterritoryofthenamesprotectedintheCommunityforcomparableproductsnotcomplyingwiththegeographicalindication'sspecification.Thisshallapplyevenwherethetruegeographicaloriginofthegoodisindicated,thegeographicalindicationinquestionisusedintranslation,thenameisaccompaniedbytermssuchas"kind","type","style","imitation","method"orotherexpressionsofthesort.

3.EachPartyshallalsoapplyparagraphs1and2toageographicalindicationthat,althoughcorrectlyindicatingtheterritory,regionorlocalityinwhichthegoodsoriginate,falselyrepresentstothepublicthatthegoodsoriginateinanotherterritory,regionorlocality.

20 GeographicalIndications geographical_indication_extent_translations

Extentofprotection:TranslationsThisvariablecodeswhetheritispossibletocircumventGIprotectionbytheuseofdelocalizers(productaccompaniedbyexpressionssuchas“imitationof”,“style”,“type”,“kind”,etc.)orbytranslation.Thisvariablecodestheextentofprotectionavailabletoproductsotherthanwine/spiritsintheformofgeographicalindications.Note:makesurethatthePTAdoesnotonlycoverwineandspiritrelatedGIsandthatthedeloclizersarenotonlyprohibitedforwineandspirits(ifsoitisnotTRIPS+andshouldnotbecoded).

CodeiftranslationareprohibitedwithoutGIholderconsent.Note:AGIindicatorisnotsatisfiedbylaws/administrativebodiesmeantforTrade-marks->excludesGInormscontainedinTrademarks'sections.

19 ECMontenegro2007,Article33.2andAnnexIIArticle6.5

MontenegroshallprohibitanyuseinitsterritoryofthenamesprotectedintheCommunityforcomparableproductsnotcomplyingwiththegeographicalindication'sspecification.Thisshallapplyevenwherethetruegeographicaloriginofthegoodisindicated,thegeographicalindicationinquestionisusedintranslation,thenameisaccompaniedbytermssuchas"kind","type","style","imitation","method"orotherexpressionsofthesort.


ExamplePTA Wording

T+PTACodebook

21 GeographicalIndications geographical_indication_extent_homonymous

Extentofprotection:HomonymousgeographicalindicationsThisvariablecodeswhetheritispossibletocircumventGIprotectionbytheuseofhomonymousgoodsThisvariablecodestheextentofprotectionavailabletoproductsotherthanwine/spiritsintheformofgeographicalindications.

HomonymousmeansanambigousGIwithmultiplemeaningwhicharedefinedbycontext.I.e.samename(spelled/pronounced)canstandforproductsfromdifferentplaces/countriesNote1:excludesGInormscontainedinTrademarks'sections.Note2:TRIPSgrantsprotectiontohomonyousGis,yetonlyforwines.

24 PanamaTaiwan2003,Article16.04.4

4.TheabovementionedprovisionsshallbeunderstoodwithoutprejudicetotherecognitionthatthePartiesmayaccordtothehomonymousgeographicalindicationsthatmaylawfullybelongtoanon-Party.

22 GeographicalIndications geographical_indication_country_name

Commercialuseofcountrynamesisprotected

Note:excludesGInormscontainedinTrademarks'sections.

27 AlbaniaEFTA2009,AnnexV,TitleII,Article7.7

ThePartiesshallpreventanyincorrectormisleadinguseorregistrationofcountrynamesofaPartyastrademarks,designsorasanyotherprotectedtitle,suchascompanynamesornamesofassociations.

23 GeographicalIndications geographical_indication_list

CodesspecificGIlists Note:thiscanrangefromacoupleofprotectednamessuchasPiscotopage-longlistingsofprotectedGis.

44 CostaRicaPeru2011,Anexo9.4

SecciónA:IndicacionesGeográficasdelPerú1.Pisco(DO)2.MaízBlancoGiganteCusco(DO)3.Chulucanas(DO)4.PallardeIca(DO)5.CaféVillaRica(DO)6.LochedeLambayeque(DO)7.CaféMachuPicchu-Huadquiña(DO)SecciónB:IndicacionesGeográficasdeCostaRicaBananodeCostaRica(IG)

24 IndustrialDesign industrial_desgin_term

Termofindustrialdesignprotection Codeiftermofprotectionismorethan10years.Canbeaccumulatednumberofyears.Note:ThisisaclarificationofTRIPSArt.26.3.

52 EFTAMorocco1997,AnnexV,Article3.1

Additionalsubstantivestandards1.TheStatesPartiestothisAgreementshallensureintheirnationallawsatleastthefollowing:[...]-adequateandeffectiveprotectionofindustrialdesignsbyprovidinginparticularaperiodofprotectionoffiveyearsfromthedateofapplicationwithapossibilityofrenewalfortwoconsecutiveperiodsoffiveyearseach;

25 Patent patent_scope_plants

Scopeofcoverage:PlantsThisvariablecodesthenatureoftheinventionsthatcanbepatentable.

Codeifplantsarepatentable.Suigenerissystemisnotthesame(otherformofprotectionthanpatents).Note1:onlycodeifnamelymentionedaspatentable("anyinvention","anyapplication","anyfieldsoftechnology"doesnotsuffice).Note2:excludesimplicitpatentability,e.g.ifPartiesaregiventhepossibilityto

17 BahrainUS2004,Artilce14.8.2

EachPartyshallmakepatentsavailableforplantinventions.Inaddition,thePartiesconfirmthatpatentsshallbeavailableforanynewusesormethodsofusingaknownproduct,includingproductstobeusedforparticularmedicalconditions,subjecttotheexclusionsprovidedinArticle14.8.1andtheconditionsofpatentability.


ExamplePTA Wording

T+PTACodebook

26 Patent patent_scope_animals

Scopeofcoverage:AnimalsThisvariablecodesthenatureoftheinventionsthatcanbepatentable.

Codeifanimalsarepatentable.Note1:onlycodeifnamelymentionedaspatentable("anyinvention","anyapplication","anyfieldsoftechnology"doesnotsuffice).Note2:excludesimplicitpatentability,e.g.ifPartiesaregiventhepossibilitytoexcludeplantsfrompatentability.

7 ColombiaUS2006,Article16.9.2

AnyPartythatprovidespatentprotectionforplantsoranimalsonorafterthedateofentryintoforceofthisAgreementshallmaintainsuchprotection.

27 Patent patent_scope_transitional_extention

Transitionalextensionfordevelopingcountries.TRIPSArticle65.2grantsatransitionalperiodforDCs.

Codeiftherearetransitionalextensionsfordevelopingcountries.Note1:includesreferencestotransitionalextensionforIntellectuelpropertyrightsingeneralasitincludespatents.Note2:alreadycodedforallcountriesinDESTAdataset.

16 ChileUS2003,Article17.9.2

ColombiaUS2006,Article16.14.2

2.EachPartywillundertakereasonableefforts,throughatransparentandparticipatoryprocess,todevelopandproposelegislationwithin4yearsfromtheentryintoforceofthisAgreementthatmakesavailablepatentprotectionforplantsthatarenew,involveaninventivestep,andarecapableofindustrialapplication.

2.APartymaydelaygivingeffecttocertainprovisionsofthisChapterasspecifiedinAnnex16.1.

28 Patent patent_permitted_second_use

Permitteddouble-patenting(selection/secondUse):Second-usepatentsThisvariablecodesfortheavailabilityofselectionpatents(i.e.apatentclaimingasubclassofapreviouslypatentgenusforaparticularfeaturenotincludedintheinitialpatent)orsecond-usepatents(i.e.apatentclaiminganewusefromapreviouslyexistingpatent).

Codeifsecond-use/newuseofpatentsareallowed.Note:PatentsofAdditiondonotqualifyforeitherSelectionorSecondUse.

8 AustraliaUS2004,Article17.9.1

EachPartyshallmakepatentsavailableforanyinvention,whetheraproductorprocess,inallfieldsoftechnology,providedthattheinventionisnew,involvesaninventivestep,andiscapableofindustrialapplication.ThePartiesconfirmthatpatentsshallbeavailableforanynewusesormethodsofusingaknownproduct.ForthepurposesofthisArticle,aPartymaytreattheterms“inventivestep”and“capableofindustrialapplication”assynonymouswiththeterms“non-obvious”and“useful”,respectively.Belongstoscopeofcoverage

29 Patent patent_term_extension

Patenttermextensions:Thisvariablecodeswhetheranextensionisgiventopatenttermwhenregulationrequirementshaveundulydelayedmarketentry.

Codeifthereiscompensation/patenttermextension(furtherperiod)forunreasonabledelayduetopatentexaminationand/ormarketingapprovalprocess.

40 CAFTA2004,Article15.9.6

CanadaEC(CETA)2004:Art.20.27.5

6.(a)EachParty,attherequestofthepatentowner,shalladjustthetermofapatenttocompensateforunreasonabledelaysthatoccuringrantingthepatent.Forpurposesofthisparagraph,anunreasonabledelayshallatleastincludeadelayintheissuanceofthepatentofmorethanfiveyearsfromthedateoffilingoftheapplicationintheterritoryoftheParty,orthreeyearsafterarequestforexaminationoftheapplicationhasbeenmade,whicheverislater,providedthatperiodsattributabletoactionsofthepatentapplicantneednotbeincludedinthedeterminationofsuchdelays.(b)Withrespecttoanypharmaceuticalproductthatiscoveredbyapatent,eachPartyshallmakeavailablearestorationofthepatenttermtocompensatethepatentownerforunreasonablecurtailmentoftheeffectivepatenttermresultingfromthemarketingapprovalprocessrelatedtothefirstcommercialmarketingoftheproductinthatParty.

5.EachPartyshallprovidethattheperiodofsuigenerisprotectionbeforaperiodequaltotheperiodwhichelapsedbetweenthedateonwhichtheapplicationforthebasicpatentwasfiledandthedateofthefirstmarketingauthorisation,reducedbyaperiodoffiveyears.


ExamplePTA Wording

T+PTACodebook

30 Patent patent_compulsory_licenses_restriction

Compulsorylicensesarerestricted/limitedtospecificscenarios/grounds

Limitedtonationalemergencies,asantitrustremedy,andforpublicnon-commercialuse(limitscompetitionforgenericproductssuchasmedicines).Note1:Compulsorylicensescanbecircumscribedas"NeitherPartyshallpermittheuseofthesubjectmatterofapatentwithouttheauthorizationoftherightholderexceptinthefollowingcircumstances".Note2:TRIPSgrantsrightforeachcountrytodeterminethegroundsuponwhichlicensesaregranted.TRIPSmakesexamples,butdoesnotprovideafixedlist.Note3:inSpanishPTAssearchfor"licenciasobligatorias"


APartyshallnotpermittheuse17-15ofthesubjectmatterofapatentwithouttheauthorisationoftherightholderexceptinthefollowingcircumstances:(a)toremedyapracticedeterminedafterjudicialoradministrativeprocesstobeanti-competitiveundertheParty’slawsrelatingtopreventionofanti-competitivepractices;17-16or(b)incasesofpublicnon-commercialuse,orofnationalemergency,orothercircumstancesofextremeurgency,providedthat:(i)thePartyshalllimitsuchusetousebythegovernmentorthirdpersonsauthorisedbythegovernment;(ii)thePartyshallensurethatthepatentownerisprovidedwithreasonablecompensationforsuchuse;and(iii)thePartymaynotrequirethepatentownertoprovideundisclosedinformationortechnicalknow-howrelatedtoapatentedinventionthathasbeenauthorisedforuseinaccordancewiththisparagraph.

31 Patent patent_novelty_disclosure_grace_period

Novelty/disclosuregraceperiod:Thisvariablecodesthelengthofthegraceperiodinwhichapatenteemaydisclosetheinventionwithoutthatdisclosurebeingconsideredaspriorarttoinvalidatethepatentbasedonnovelty.

Codeif12monthsNote:inSpanishPTAssearchfor"periododegracia"or"novedad/novela"

17 AustraliaChile2008,Article17.22

NeitherPartyshallusetheinformationcontainedinapublicdisclosuretopreventpatentabilityduetoalackofnoveltyorinventivestepifthepublicdisclosure:(a)wasmadeorauthorisedby,orderivedfrom,thepatentapplicant;and(b)occurswithin12monthspriortothedateoffilingoftheapplicationintheterritoryoftheParty.

32 Patent patent_burden_proof_patent_office

Burdenofproof:Thisvariablecodeswhether,whenexamininganinvention,theburdenofproofliesonthepatentofficeorontheapplicanttodemonstratenon-patentability/patentability.

Codeifburdenofproofliesonthepatentoffice,i.e.ifthepatentofficehastoprovethataninventionisorisnotpatentable.Codeas'0'ifcountryhasaformalreviewonly.Note:makesurenottoconfuseitwiththeTRIPSburdenofproof(Article34).

0 noexample

33 Patent patent_revocation_restrictions

Restrictionofrevocationrightsforpatents

Restrictionofrevocationrightsforpatentstocasesoffraudandmisrepresentation(limitsflexibilitygrantedunderTRIPS).

21 MoroccoUS2004,Article15.9.5

EachPartyshallprovidethatapatentmayberevokedonlyongroundsthatwouldhavejustifiedarefusaltograntthepatent.APartymayalsoprovidethatfraud,misrepresentation,orinequitableconductmaybethebasisforrevokingapatentorholdingapatentunenforceable.WhereaPartyprovidesproceedingsthatpermitathirdpartytoopposethegrantofapatent,aPartyshallnotmakesuchproceedingsavailablebeforethegrantofthepatent.


ExamplePTA Wording

T+PTACodebook

34 UndisclosedInformation undisclosed_information_scope

Scopeoftradesecretprotection:ThisvariablecodeswhetherornotacountryexceedsTRIPs’expectationsonthedefinitionoftradesecret.

CodeifthedefinitionoftradesecretisbroaderthantheTRIPSdefinition;0ifthedefinitionisnobroader(orlessbroad)thanthatinTRIPsarticle39(2)1)checkifthereissomethingspecificontradesecretsinPTA2)ifyes:comparetoTRIPSArticle393)ExamplesofTRIPS+:Nolimitationofduration;detaileddefinitionoftradesecret(documents,microfilms)Note:inSpanishPTAssearchfor"secretocomercial/industrial/denegocio"

8 BoliviaMexico1994,Article16-37.3to16-37.5

3.Paraotorgarlaprotecciónaqueserefiereesteartículo,cadaParteexigiráqueunsecretoindustrialydenegociosconsteendocumentos,medioselectrónicosomagnéticos,discosópticos,microfilmes,películasuotrosinstrumentossimilares.4.NingunaPartepodrálimitarladuracióndelaprotecciónparalossecretosindustrialesydenegocios,entantoexistanlascondicionesdescritasenlosliteralesa),b)yc)delpárrafo2.5.NingunaPartedesalentarániimpediráellicenciamientovoluntariodesecretosindustrialesydenegociosimponiendocondicionesexcesivasodiscriminatoriasaesaslicencias,ocondicionesquediluyanelvalordelossecretosindustrialesydenegocios.

35 UndisclosedInformation undisclosed_information_liability_disclosure

Scopeofliability:Disclosuretypeofactionthatcantriggerliabilityformisappropriationofatradesecret

Codeifdisclosureoftradesecretscanbelitigatedasmisappropriation(criminalproceduresandpenalties).

3 TranspacificPartnership2015,Article18.78.2c)

2.Subjecttoparagraph3,eachPartyshallprovideforcriminalproceduresandpenaltiesforoneormoreofthefollowing:[…](c)thefraudulentdisclosure,oralternatively,theunauthorisedandwilfuldisclosure,ofatradesecret,includingbymeansofacomputersystem.

36 UndisclosedInformation undisclosed_information_liability_receipt

Scopeofliability:Receipttypeofactionthatcantriggerliabilityformisappropriationofatradesecret

Codeifreceiptoftradesecretscanbelitigatedasmisappropriationincludinginducingdisclosure(criminalproceduresandpenalties).

3 TranspacificPartnership2015,Article18.78.2b)andc)

2.Subjecttoparagraph3,eachPartyshallprovideforcriminalproceduresandpenaltiesforoneormoreofthefollowing:[…](b)Theunauthorizedandwillfulmisappropriationofatradesecret,includingbymeansofacomputersystem;(c)thefraudulentdisclosure,oralternatively,theunauthorisedandwilfuldisclosure,ofatradesecret,includingbymeansofacomputersystem.

37 UndisclosedInformation undisclosed_information_liability_use

Scopeofliability:Usetypeofactionthatcantriggerliabilityformisappropriationofatradesecret

Codeifuseoftradesecretscanbelitigatedasmisappropriation(criminalproceduresandpenalties).

3 TranspacificPartnership2015,Article18.78.2a)

2.Subjecttoparagraph3,eachPartyshallprovideforcriminalproceduresandpenaltiesforoneormoreofthefollowing:(a)theunauthorisedandwilfulaccesstoatradesecretheldinacomputersystem;[…]

38 UndisclosedInformation undisclosed_information_test_data_exclusivity

Testdataexclusivityforaspecifictimeframe

Codeifthereisaspecificperiodoradditionalyexclusivityfortestdata(e.g.duetonewclinicalinformation).Oftenaround3-5years.Note:inSpanishPTAssearchfor"aprobacióndecomercialización"


IfaPartyrequiresthesubmissionofundisclosedinformationconcerningthesafetyandefficacyofapharmaceuticaloragriculturalchemicalproductwhichutilizesanewchemicalentity,whichproducthasnotbeenpreviouslyapproved,tograntamarketingapprovalorsanitarypermitforsuchproduct,thePartyshallnotpermitthirdpartiesnothavingtheconsentofthepersonprovidingtheinformationtomarketaproductbasedonthisnewchemicalentity,onthebasisoftheapprovalgrantedtothepartysubmittingsuchinformation.APartyshallmaintainthisprohibitionforaperiodofatleastfiveyearsfromthedateofapprovalforapharmaceuticalproductandtenyearsfromthedateofapprovalforanagriculturalchemicalproduct.25EachPartyshallprotectsuchinformationagainstdisclosureexceptwherenecessarytoprotectthepublic.


ExamplePTA Wording

T+PTACodebook

39 UndisclosedInformation undisclosed_information_test_data_new_use

Testdataexclusivityfornewusesofregisteredproducts

Codeifmarketingapprovalforunapproveduseofapproveddrugs(newuseofpatentedproduct)requiresnewclinicaldata.Thistestdataisexclusive(limitedtimeframe).

8 BahrainUS2004,Art.14.9.2a)

IfaPartyrequiresorpermits,asaconditionofgrantingmarketingapprovalforapharmaceuticalproductthatincludesachemicalentitythathasbeenpreviouslyapprovedformarketinginanotherpharmaceuticalproduct,thesubmissionofnewclinicalinformation,otherthaninformationrelatedtobioequivalency,thePartyshallnot,withouttheconsentofapersonthatpreviouslysubmittedsuchnewclinicalinformationtoobtainmarketingapprovalintheParty,authorizeanothertomarketasameorasimilarproductbasedon:(i)thenewclinicalinformationsubmittedinsupportofthemarketingapproval;or(ii)evidenceofthemarketingapprovalbasedonthenewclinicalinformation;foratleastthreeyearsfromthedateofmarketingapprovalintheParty.

40 UndisclosedInformation undisclosed_information_test_data_foreign_approved_submitted

Foreigntestdataexclusivityforaccepted/approvedand/orsubmittedapplications

Testdataexclusivityisallowed,alsoformarketingapprovalsubmissionsofforeignregulatorsforsameproductsinhomemarket.

14 BahrianUS2004,Art.14.9.4

4.WhereaPartypermits,asaconditionofapprovingthemarketingofapharmaceuticalproduct,persons,otherthanthepersonoriginallysubmittingsafetyorefficacyinformation,torelyonevidenceofsafetyorefficacyinformationofaproductthatwaspreviouslyapproved,suchasevidenceofpriormarketingapprovalinthePartyorinanotherterritory,thatParty:(a)shallimplementmeasuresinitsmarketingapprovalprocesstopreventsuchotherpersonsfrommarketingaproductcoveredbyapatentclaimingtheproductoritsapprovedmethodofuseduringthetermofthatpatent,unlessbyconsentoracquiescenceofthepatentowner;and(b)shallprovidethatthepatentownershallbenotifiedoftheidentityofanysuchotherpersonwhorequestsmarketingapprovaltoenterthemarketduringthetermofapatentnotifiedtotheapprovingauthorityascoveringthatproduct.

5.WhereaPartyreliesonamarketingapprovalgrantedbyanotherParty,andgrantsapprovalwithinsixmonths41 Semiconductors layout_design_no_compulsory_license

Prohibitionofcompulsorylicensesforlayoutdesigns

Compulsorylicensenotpermitedforlayoutdesigns

3 USVietnam2000,ChapterII,Article8.5

NeitherPartymaypermitthecompulsorylicensingoflayoutdesignsofintegratedcircuits.

42 NewPlantVarieties new_plant_varieties_upov_acceed_reaffirm

Accession/ReaffirmationoftheInternationalConventionfortheProtectionofNewVarietiesofPlants(UPOV)(1961)

CodeifthePTAreaffirmstheUPOVConventionNote1:ConventionreferencesarealreadycodedinDESTA.Note2:Codeas'1'iflevelofregulationinDESTAis5(reaffirmation)or4(accession).Note3:Accession/ReaffirmationoftheUPOVConventionisTRIPS+

83 EFTAEgypt2007,AnnexV,Article2.2.e)

BytheendofthefourthyearaftertheentryintoforceofthisAgreement,thePartiesshallhaveaccededtothefollowingmultilateralconventionsonintellectualproperty:(e)InternationalConventionfortheProtectionofNewVarietiesofPlants1978("1978UPOVConvention"),ortheInternationalConventionfortheProtectionofNewVarietiesofPlants1991("1991UPOVConvention");and

43 NewPlantVarieties new_plant_varieties_upov_plus

SpecificregulationonnewplantvarietieswhichgobeyondtheUPOVConvention.

NotcodedifthereisonlyareferencetoUPOVoriftheArticleinthePTAiscopyingUPOVregulations.

13 CentralAmericaEC2012,Article259

1.ThePartiesshallprovidefortheprotectionofplantvarietieseitherbypatentsorbyaneffectivesuigenerissystemorbyanycombinationthereof.2.ThePartiesunderstandthatnocontradictionexistsbetweentheprotectionofplantvarietiesandthecapacityofaPartytoprotectandconserveitsgeneticresources.3.ThePartiesshallhavetherighttoprovideforexceptionstoexclusiverightsgrantedtoplantbreederstoallowfarmerstosave,useandexchangeprotectedfarm-savedseedorpropagatingmaterial.


ExamplePTA Wording

T+PTACodebook

44 TraditionalKnowledge&GeneticResources

genetic_resources_duty_to_consult_prior_informed_consent_hard

Dutytoconsult/priorinformedconsent:Geneticresources(bindingobligations)ThisvariablecodeswhetheraproposeduserofTKorGRmustfirstobtainpriorinformedconsentfromtheuseofgeneticresourcesortraditionalknowledgefromthecountry/indigenouspeople/localcommunity.

CodeifthereisadutytoobtainconsentbeforeuseofgeneticresourcesIncludesshall,should,must,haveto,etc.Hardversion:bindingcommitments("acknowledge","reaffirm","shall","should","must","have").Note1:TK/GRprovisionscanoccurinothersectionsofPTAthanIPRchapter.Note2:inSpanishPTAssearchfor"consentimiento"

12 ECVietnam2016,ChapterTradeandSustainableDevelopment,Article6.2

Furthermore,thePartiesshallendeavourtocreateconditionstofacilitateaccesstogeneticresourcesforenvironmentallysoundusesandnottoimposerestrictionsthatruncountertotheobjectivesoftheCBD,andrecognisethataccesstogeneticresourcesshallbesubjecttothepriorinformedconsentofthePartyprovidinggeneticresources,unlessotherwisedeterminedbythatParty.


genetic_resources_duty_to_consult_prior_informed_consent_soft

Dutytoconsult/priorinformedconsent:Geneticresources(non-bindingobligations)ThisvariablecodeswhetheraproposeduserofTKorGRmustfirstobtainpriorinformedconsentfromtheuseofgeneticresourcesortraditionalknowledgefromthecountry/indigenouspeople/localcommunity.

CodeifthereisadutytoobtainconsentbeforeuseofgeneticresourcesIncludesmay,bestefforts,resolve,wish,etc.Softversion:non-bindingcommitments(""may"",""bestefforts"",""resolve"",""wish"").Note1:TK/GRprovisionscanoccurinothersectionsofPTAthanIPRchapter.Note2:inSpanishPTAssearchfor"consentimiento"

0 noexample


traditional_knowledge_duty_to_consult_prior_informed_consent_hard

Dutytoconsult/priorinformedconsent:traditionalknowledge(bindingobligations)ThisvariablecodeswhetheraproposeduserofTKorGRmustfirstobtainpriorinformedconsentfromtheuseofgeneticresourcesortraditionalknowledgefromthecountry/indigenouspeople/localcommunity.

CodeifthereisadutytoobtainconsentbeforeuseoftraditionalknowledgeIncludesshall,should,must,haveto,etc.Hardversion:bindingcommitments("acknowledge","reaffirm","shall","should","must","have").Note1:TK/GRprovisionscanoccurinothersectionsofPTAthanIPRchapter.Note2:inSpanishPTAssearchfor"consentimiento"

11 EFTAPeru2010,Article6.5.5

5.Accordingtotheirnationallaw,thePartiesshallrequirethatpatentapplicationscontainadeclarationoftheoriginorsourceofageneticresource,towhichtheinventororthepatentapplicanthashadaccess.Asfarasprovidedintheirnationallegislation,thePartieswillalsorequirethefulfilmentofpriorinformedconsentandtheywillapplytheprovisionssetoutinthisArticletotraditionalknowledgeasapplicable.


traditional_knowledge_duty_to_consult_prior_informed_consent_soft

Dutytoconsult/priorinformedconsent:traditionalknowledge(non-bindingobligations)ThisvariablecodeswhetheraproposeduserofTKorGRmustfirstobtainpriorinformedconsentfromtheuseofgeneticresourcesortraditionalknowledgefromthecountry/indigenouspeople/localcommunity.

CodeifthereisadutytoobtainconsentbeforeuseoftraditionalknowledgeIncludesmay,bestefforts,resolve,wish,etc.Softversion:non-bindingcommitments(""may"",""bestefforts"",""resolve"",""wish"").Note1:TK/GRprovisionscanoccurinothersectionsofPTAthanIPRchapter.Note2:inSpanishPTAssearchfor"consentimiento"

0 noexample


ExamplePTA Wording

T+PTACodebook


genetic_resources_defensive_protection_disclosure_of_source_hard

Defensiveprotection/disclosureofthesource-patent:Geneticresources(bindingobligations)Thisvariablecodeswhetherornotthereisarequirementforthepatentholdertoindicatetheoriginofgeneticresources/traditionalknowledgeusedinapatentapplication.

CodeifpatentapplicationmustdiscloseoriginofgeneticresourcesusedTherequirementsforthisindicatorismetevenifanapplicantisrelievedoftheobligationtodiscloseitwhenoriginisunknown.Includesshall,should,must,haveto,etc.Hardversion:bindingcommitments("acknowledge","reaffirm","shall","should","must","have").Note1:TK/GRprovisionscanoccurinothersectionsofPTAthanIPRchapter.Note2:inSpanishPTAssearchfor"divulgacióndelorigen"

8 CostaRicaPeru2011,Article9.5.7

7.LasPartesrequeriránqueenlassolicitudesdepatentesdesarrolladasapartirderecursosbiológicos,genéticos[…],delosqueseanpaísdeorigen,sedemuestreelaccesolegaladichosrecursos[…],asícomoladivulgacióndelorigendelrecurso[…]accedido,encasoquelalegislaciónnacionaldelaParteasílorequiera.


genetic_resources_defensive_protection_disclosure_of_source_soft

Defensiveprotection/disclosureofthesource-patent:Geneticresources(non-bindingobligations)Thisvariablecodeswhetherornotthereisarequirementforthepatentholdertoindicatetheoriginofgeneticresources/traditionalknowledgeusedinapatentapplication.

CodeifpatentapplicationmustdiscloseoriginofgeneticresourcesusedTherequirementsforthisindicatorismetevenifanapplicantisrelievedoftheobligationtodiscloseitwhenoriginisunknown.Includesmay,bestefforts,resolve,wish,etc.Softversion:non-bindingcommitments(""may"",""bestefforts"",""resolve"",""wish"").Note1:TK/GRprovisionscanoccurinothersectionsofPTAthanIPRchapter.Note2:inSpanishPTAssearchfor"divulgacióndelorigen"

2 ColombiaPeruEC2012,Article201.7

7.ThePartiesacknowledgetheusefulnessofrequiringthedisclosureoftheoriginorsourceofgeneticresources[…]inpatentapplications,consideringthatthiscontributestothetransparencyabouttheusesofgeneticresources[…].


traditional_knowledge_defensive_protection_disclosure_of_source_hard

Defensiveprotection/disclosureofthesource-patent:traditionalknowledge(bindingobligations)Thisvariablecodeswhetherornotthereisarequirementforthepatentholdertoindicatetheoriginofgeneticresources/traditionalknowledgeusedinapatentapplication.

CodeifpatentapplicationmustdiscloseoriginoftraditionalknowledgeusedTherequirementsforthisindicatorismetevenifanapplicantisrelievedoftheobligationtodiscloseitwhenoriginisunknown.Includesshall,should,must,haveto,etc.Hardversion:bindingcommitments("acknowledge","reaffirm","shall","should","must","have").Note1:TK/GRprovisionscanoccurinothersectionsofPTAthanIPRchapter.Note2:inSpanishPTAssearchfor"divulgacióndelorigen"

6 CostaRicaPeru2011,Article9.5.7

LasPartesrequeriránqueenlassolicitudesdepatentesdesarrolladasapartirde[…]oconocimientostradicionalesasociados,delosqueseanpaísdeorigen,sedemuestreelaccesolegaladichos[…]conocimientos,asícomoladivulgacióndelorigendel[…]conocimientotradicionalaccedido,encasoquelalegislaciónnacionaldelaParteasílorequiera.


ExamplePTA Wording

T+PTACodebook


traditional_knowledge_defensive_protection_disclosure_of_source_soft

Defensiveprotection/disclosureofthesource-patent:traditionalknowledge(non-bindingobligations)Thisvariablecodeswhetherornotthereisarequirementforthepatentholdertoindicatetheoriginofgeneticresources/traditionalknowledgeusedinapatentapplication.

CodeifpatentapplicationmustdiscloseoriginoftraditionalknowledgeusedTherequirementsforthisindicatorismetevenifanapplicantisrelievedoftheobligationtodiscloseitwhenoriginisunknown.Includesmay,bestefforts,resolve,wish,etc.Softversion:non-bindingcommitments(""may"",""bestefforts"",""resolve"",""wish"").Note1:TK/GRprovisionscanoccurinothersectionsofPTAthanIPRchapter.Note2:inSpanishPTAssearchfor"divulgacióndelorigen"

1 ColombiaPeruEC2012,Article201.7

7.ThePartiesacknowledgetheusefulnessofrequiringthedisclosureoftheoriginorsourceof[…]associatedtraditionalknowledgeinpatentapplications,consideringthatthiscontributestothetransparencyabouttheusesof[…]associatedtraditionalknowledge.


genetic_resources_benefit_sharing_hard

Benefitsharing/equitablesharingofbenefits:Geneticresources(bindingobligations)Thisvariablecodestheexistenceofamandatedequitablebenefitssharingmechanismenforcedbygovernment.

Codeifsomeformofmandatory,fairandequitablebenefitssharingforgeneticresourcesismandatedIncludesshall,should,must,haveto,etc.Hardversion:bindingcommitments("acknowledge","reaffirm","shall","should","must","have").Note1:TK/GRprovisionscanoccurinothersectionsofPTAthanIPRchapter.Note2:inSpanishPTAssearchfor"participaciónjustayequitativaenlosbeneficios"

16 PanamaTaiwan2003,Article16.07.2

2.EachPartyshallaccordafairandequitableparticipationinthebenefitsderivedfromtheaccesstoitsgeneticresourcesand[…].


genetic_resources_benefit_sharing_soft

Benefitsharing/equitablesharingofbenefits:Geneticresources(non-bindingobligations)Thisvariablecodestheexistenceofamandatedequitablebenefitssharingmechanismenforcedbygovernment.

Codeifsomeformofmandatory,fairandequitablebenefitssharingforgeneticresourcesismandatedIncludesmay,bestefforts,resolve,wish,etc.Softversion:non-bindingcommitments(""may"",""bestefforts"",""resolve"",""wish"").Note1:TK/GRprovisionscanoccurinothersectionsofPTAthanIPRchapter.Note2:inSpanishPTAssearchfor"participaciónjustayequitativaenlosbeneficios"

7 CentralAmericaEFTA2012,AnnexXIX,Article9.1

1.ThePartiesreaffirmtheirsovereignrightsovertheirnaturalresourcesandrecognisetheirrightsandobligationsundertheConventiononBiologicalDiversitywithrespecttoaccesstogeneticresourcesandtothefairandequitablesharingofbenefitsarisingoutoftheutilisationofthesegeneticresources.


ExamplePTA Wording

T+PTACodebook


traditional_knowledge_benefit_sharing_hard

Benefitsharing/equitablesharingofbenefits:traditionalknowledge(bindingobligations)Thisvariablecodestheexistenceofamandatedequitablebenefitssharingmechanismenforcedbygovernment.

Codeifsomeformofmandatory,fairandequitablebenefitssharingfortraditionalknowledgeismandatedIncludesshall,should,must,haveto,etc.Hardversion:bindingcommitments("acknowledge","reaffirm","shall","should","must","have").Note1:TK/GRprovisionscanoccurinothersectionsofPTAthanIPRchapter.Note2:inSpanishPTAssearchfor"participaciónjustayequitativaenlosbeneficios"

14 EFTAPeru2010,Article6.5.10

10.ThePartiesshalltakelegislative,administrativeorpolicymeasures,asappropriate,withtheaimofensuringthefairandequitablesharingofthebenefitsarisingfromtheuseofgeneticresourcesorassociatedtraditionalknowledge.Suchsharingshallbebasedonmutuallyagreedterms.


traditional_knowledge_benefit_sharing_soft

Benefitsharing/equitablesharingofbenefits:traditionalknowledge(non-bindingobligations)Thisvariablecodestheexistenceofamandatedequitablebenefitssharingmechanismenforcedbygovernment.

Codeifsomeformofmandatory,fairandequitablebenefitssharingfortraditionalknowledgeismandatedIncludesmay,bestefforts,resolve,wish,etc.Softversion:non-bindingcommitments(""may"",""bestefforts"",""resolve"",""wish"").Note1:TK/GRprovisionscanoccurinothersectionsofPTAthanIPRchapter.Note2:inSpanishPTAssearchfor"participaciónjustayequitativaenlosbeneficios"

7 ChinaKorea2015,Article15.17.3

3.SubjecttoeachParty’sinternationalrightsandobligationsanddomesticlaws,thePartiesmayadoptormaintainmeasurestopromotetheconservationofbiologicaldiversityandtheequitablesharingofbenefitsarisingfromtheuseofgeneticresourcesandtraditionalknowledge.

56 Encryptedprogram-carryingsatellitesignals

encrypted_program_carrying_satellite_signals

Protectionofencryptedprogram-carryingsatellitesignals

Codeifencryptedprogram-carryingsatellitesignalsareprotected.

29 OmanUS2006,Article15.7

Protectionofencryptedprogram-carryingsatellitesignals1.EachPartyshallmakeitacriminaloffense:(a)tomanufacture,assemble,modify,import,export,sell,lease,orotherwisedistributeatangibleorintangibledeviceorsystem,knowingorhavingreasontoknowthatthedeviceorsystemisprimarilyofassistanceindecodinganencryptedprogram-carryingsatellitesignalwithouttheauthorizationofthelawfuldistributorofsuchsignal;and(b)willfullytoreceiveorfurtherdistributeaprogram-carryingsignalthatoriginatedasanencryptedsatellitesignalknowingthatithasbeendecodedwithouttheauthorizationofthelawfuldistributorofthesignal.2.EachPartyshallprovideforcivilremedies,includingcompensatorydamages,foranypersoninjuredbyanyactivitydescribedinparagraph1,includinganypersonthatholdsaninterestintheencryptedprogrammingsignaloritscontent.


ExamplePTA Wording

T+PTACodebook

57 Domainnames domain_names Protectionofdomainnamesontheinternet

Codeifdomainnamesontheinternetareprotected.

17 AustraliaChile2008,Article17.24

1.EachPartyshallrequirethatthemanagementofitscountry-codetop-leveldomain(ccTLD)provideanappropriateprocedureforthesettlementofdisputes,basedontheprinciplesestablishedintheUniformDomain-NameDispute-ResolutionPolicy.2.EachPartyshallrequirethatthemanagementofitsccTLDprovideonlinepublicaccesstoareliableandaccuratedatabaseofdomain-nameregistrationsinaccordancewitheachParty’slawregardingprotectionofpersonaldata.

58 Enforcement enforcement_preliminary_injunctions_patent

Preliminaryinjunctions:PatentThisvariablecodesforwhetherpreliminaryinjunctionsareavailableforpatent,copyright,andtrademarkinfringementactions.

Codeifavailableforpatent.Note1:Preliminary/interlocutoryinjunctionsisaninstrumenttoprotecttherightownerbeforeactualjudicialdecisiononcaseofinfringementismade.Note2:alsocodeifavailableforIPingeneral.Note3:inSpanishPTAssearchfor"medidascauteleras/preliminares","resolucióninterlocutoria"or

16 PanamaUS2007,Article15.10.3a)

EachPartyshallprovide:procedures,suchasjudicialoradministrativeproceedings,andremedies,suchaspreliminaryinjunctionsorequivalenteffectiveprovisionalmeasures,fortheexpeditiousadjudicationofdisputesconcerningthevalidityorinfringementofapatentwithrespecttopatentclaimsthatcoveranapprovedpharmaceuticalproductoritsapprovedmethodofuse

59 Enforcement enforcement_preliminary_injunctions_copyright

Preliminaryinjunctions:CopyrightThisvariablecodesforwhetherpreliminaryinjunctionsareavailableforpatent,copyright,andtrademarkinfringementactions.

Codeifavailableforcopyright.Note1:Preliminary/interlocutoryinjunctionsisaninstrumenttoprotecttherightownerbeforeactualjudicialdecisiononcaseofinfringementismade.Note2:alsocodeifavailableforIPingeneral.Note3:inSpanishPTAssearchfor"medidascauteleras/preliminares","resolucióninterlocutoria"or"orden/madamientopreliminar"

11 ECMoldova2014,Article322.1

1.EachPartyshallensurethatthejudicialauthoritiesmay,attherequestoftheapplicant,issueagainsttheallegedinfringeraninterlocutoryinjunctionintendedtopreventanyimminentinfringementofanintellectualpropertyright,ortoforbid,onaprovisionalbasisandsubject,whereappropriate,toarecurringpenaltypaymentwhereprovidedforbydomesticlaw,thecontinuationoftheallegedinfringementsofthatright,ortomakesuchcontinuationsubjecttothelodgingofguaranteesintendedtoensurethecompensationoftherightholder.Aninterlocutoryinjunctionmayalsobeissued,underthesameconditions,againstanintermediarywhoseservicesarebeingusedbyathirdpartytoinfringeanintellectualpropertyright.


ExamplePTA Wording

T+PTACodebook

60 Enforcement enforcement_preliminary_injunctions_trademarks

Preliminaryinjunctions:TrademarksThisvariablecodesforwhetherpreliminaryinjunctionsareavailableforpatent,copyright,andtrademarkinfringementactions.

Codeifavailablefortrademark.Note1:Preliminary/interlocutoryinjunctionsisaninstrumenttoprotecttherightownerbeforeactualjudicialdecisiononcaseofinfringementismade.Note2:alsocodeifavailableforIPingeneral.Note3:inSpanishPTAssearchfor"medidascauteleras/preliminares","resolucióninterlocutoria"or"orden/madamientopreliminar"

11 ECVietnam2016,ChapterIntellectualProperty,Article14.1a)

(i)Aninterlocutoryinjunctionmayalsobeissuedagainstapartywhoseservicesarebeingusedbyathirdpartytoinfringeanintellectualpropertyrightandoverwhomtherelevantjudicialauthorityexercisesjurisdiction.

61 Enforcement enforcement_ex_parte_search_and_seizure_patent

Expartesearchandseizure:PatentThisvariablecodeswhetheritispossibleforapartytoaskforsearchandseizureofgoodswithoutnotifyingtheotherpartyofthisprocedure(i.e.AntonPillerorder).

Codeifavailableforpatent.Note1:alsocodeifeitheronlysearch(ofgoods/premises)oronlyseizure(ofgoods/evidence)wihtoutpriorwarningasprecausionarymeasureforallegedinfringedgoodsismentioned.Note2:alsocodeifavailableforIPingeneral.Note3:inSpanishPTAssearchfor"embargo"or"retiradosdeloscircuitoscomerciales"

29 ECGeorgia2014,Article192.2

2.Suchmeasuresmayincludethedetaileddescription,withorwithoutthetakingofsamples,orthephysicalseizureoftheallegedinfringinggoods,and,inappropriatecases,thematerialsandimplementsusedintheproductionand/ordistributionofthesegoodsandthedocumentsrelatingthereto.Thosemeasuresshallbetaken,ifnecessarywithouttheotherpartybeingheard,inparticularwhereanydelayislikelytocauseirreparableharmtotherightholderorwherethereisademonstrableriskofevidencebeingdestroyed.

62 Enforcement enforcement_ex_parte_search_and_seizure_copyright

Expartesearchandseizure:CopyrightThisvariablecodeswhetheritispossibleforapartytoaskforsearchandseizureofgoodswithoutnotifyingtheotherpartyofthisprocedure(i.e.AntonPillerorder).

Codeifavailableforcopyright.Note1:alsocodeifeitheronlysearch(ofgoods/premises)oronlyseizure(ofgoods/evidence)wihtoutpriorwarningasprecausionarymeasureforallegedinfringedgoodsismentioned.Note2:alsocodeifavailableforIPingeneral.Note3:inSpanishPTAssearchfor"embargo"or"retiradosdeloscircuitoscomerciales"

51 BarhainUS2004,Article14.10.9

9.Inciviljudicialproceedingsconcerningcopyrightorrelatedrightsinfringement[…],eachPartyshallprovidethatitsjudicialauthoritiesshallhavetheauthoritytoordertheseizureofsuspectedinfringinggoods,anyrelatedmaterialsandimplements[…].

63 Enforcement enforcement_ex_parte_search_and_seizure_trademark

Expartesearchandseizure:TrademarksThisvariablecodeswhetheritispossibleforapartytoaskforsearchandseizureofgoodswithoutnotifyingtheotherpartyofthisprocedure(i.e.AntonPillerorder).

Codeifavailablefortrademark.Note1:alsocodeifeitheronlysearch(ofgoods/premises)oronlyseizure(ofgoods/evidence)wihtoutpriorwarningasprecausionarymeasureforallegedinfringedgoodsismentioned.Note2:alsocodeifavailableforIPingeneral.Note3:inSpanishPTAssearchfor"embargo"or"retiradosdeloscircuitoscomerciales"

49 CAFTADominicanRepublic2004,Article15.11.10

10.Inciviljudicialproceedingsconcerning[…]trademarkcounterfeiting,eachPartyshallprovidethatitsjudicialauthoritiesshallhavetheauthoritytoordertheseizureofsuspectedinfringinggoods,anyrelatedmaterialsandimplements,and,atleastfortrademarkcounterfeiting,documentaryevidencerelevanttotheinfringement.


ExamplePTA Wording

T+PTACodebook

64 Enforcement enforcement_statutory_damages_patent

Measureofdamages:Statutorydamages,patentThisvariablecodesforthetypesofdamagesthatareavailableforpatent,copyright,andtrademarksinfringement.

Codeifstatutorydamagesareavailableforpatent.Note1:Statutorydamagesarepredefined/pre-establisheddamagesawardedforcasesofinfringement.Levelofdamageawardisthusbasedontheactofinfringementandnotonthespecificharmcausedinspecifccase.ItisusedinIPinfringementcasesbecauseitisoftendifficulttoestablishthevaluelosssufferedbyIPowners.Note2:alsocodeifavailableforIPingeneral.Note3:inSpanishPTAssearchfor"dañospreviamentedeterminados"

15 ECUkraine2014,Article240.2

2.Wheretheinfringerdidnotknowingly,orwithreasonablegroundstoknow,engageininfringingactivity,thePartiesmaylaydownthatthejudicialauthoritiesmayorderinfavouroftheinjuredpartytherecoveryofprofitsorthepaymentofdamageswhichmaybepre-established.

65 Enforcement enforcement_statutory_damages_copyright

Measureofdamages:Statutorydamages,copyrightThisvariablecodesforthetypesofdamagesthatareavailableforpatent,copyright,andtrademarksinfringement.

Codeifstatutorydamagesareavailableforcopyright.Note1:Statutorydamagesarepredefined/pre-establisheddamagesawardedforcasesofinfringement.Levelofdamageawardisthusbasedontheactofinfringementandnotonthespecificharmcausedinspecifccase.ItisusedinIPinfringementcasesbecauseitisoftendifficulttoestablishthevaluelosssufferedbyIPowners.Note2:alsocodeifavailableforIPingeneral.Note3:inSpanishPTAssearchfor"dañospreviamentedeterminados"

40 CanadaKorea2014,Article16.13.12

12.Atleastwithrespecttoinfringementofcopyrightorrelatedrightsprotectingworks,phonograms,andperformances,[…]eachPartyshallalsoestablishormaintainasystemthatprovidesforoneormoreofthefollowing:(a)pre-establisheddamages;[…]

66 Enforcement enforcement_statutory_damages_trademarks

Measureofdamages:Statutorydamages,trademarksThisvariablecodesforthetypesofdamagesthatareavailableforpatent,copyright,andtrademarksinfringement.

Codeifstatutorydamagesareavailablefortrademarks.Note1:Statutorydamagesarepredefined/pre-establisheddamagesawardedforcasesofinfringement.Levelofdamageawardisthusbasedontheactofinfringementandnotonthespecificharmcausedinspecifccase.ItisusedinIPinfringementcasesbecauseitisoftendifficulttoestablishthevaluelosssufferedbyIPowners.Note2:alsocodeifavailableforIPingeneral.Note3:inSpanishPTAssearchfor"dañospreviamentedeterminados"

33 CAFTA2004,Article15.11.8

8.Inciviljudicialproceedings,eachPartyshall,atleastwithrespecttociviljudicialproceedingsconcerningcopyrightorrelatedrightsandtrademarkcounterfeiting,establishormaintainpre-establisheddamagesasanalternativetoactualdamages.Suchpreestablisheddamagesshallbesetoutindomesticlawanddeterminedbythejudicialauthoritiesinanamountsufficienttocompensatetherightholderfortheharmcausedbytheinfringementandconstituteadeterrenttofutureinfringements.


ExamplePTA Wording

T+PTACodebook

67 Enforcement enforcement_compensatory_damages_patent

Measureofdamages:Compensatorydamages,patentThisvariablecodesforthetypesofdamagesthatareavailableforpatent,copyright,andtrademarksinfringement.

Codeifcompensatorydamagesareavailableforpatent.Note1:Compensatorydamagesaredamagesthatcompensate/counterbalance/reimbursetheownerofIPRsincasesofinfringement.Note2:alsocodeifavailableforIPingeneral.Note3:inSpanishPTAssearchfor"indemnización/resarcimiento/comensación"or"daño"

56 BarhainUS2004,Article14.10.6

6.EachPartyshallprovidethat:(a)inciviljudicialproceedings,thejudicialauthoritiesshallhavetheauthoritytoordertheinfringertopaytherightholder:(i)damagesadequatetocompensatefortheinjurytherightholderhassufferedasaresultoftheinfringement,and[…]

68 Enforcement enforcement_compensatory_damages_copyright

Measureofdamages:Compensatorydamages,copyrightThisvariablecodesforthetypesofdamagesthatareavailableforpatent,copyright,andtrademarksinfringement.

Codeifcompensatorydamagesareavailableforcopyright.Note1:Compensatorydamagesaredamagesthatcompensate/counterbalance/reimbursetheownerofIPRsincasesofinfringement.Note2:alsocodeifavailableforIPingeneral.Note3:inSpanishPTAssearchfor"indemnización/resarcimiento/comensación"or"daño"

58 JordanUS2000,Article4.24

24.EachPartyshallprovidethat,atleastincasesofknowinginfringementof[…]copyrightandrelatedrights,itsjudicialauthoritiesshallhavetheauthoritytoordertheinfringertopaytherightholderdamagesadequatetocompensatefortheinjurytherightholderhassufferedasaresultoftheinfringementandanyprofitsoftheinfringerthatareattributabletotheinfringementthatarenottakenintoaccountincomputingsuchdamages.

69 Enforcement enforcement_compensatory_damages_trademarks

Measureofdamages:Compensatorydamages,trademarksThisvariablecodesforthetypesofdamagesthatareavailableforpatent,copyright,andtrademarksinfringement.

Codeifcompensatorydamagesareavailablefortrademarks.Note1:Compensatorydamagesaredamagesthatcompensate/counterbalance/reimbursetheownerofIPRsincasesofinfringement.Note2:alsocodeifavailableforIPingeneral.Note3:inSpanishPTAssearchfor"indemnización/resarcimiento/comensación"or"daño"

58 SingaporeUS2003,Article16.9.8

8.EachPartyshallprovidethatinciviljudicialproceedings,itsjudicialauthoritiesshallhavetheauthority,atleastwithrespecttoworks,phonograms,andperformancesprotectedbycopyrightorrelatedrights,andincasesoftrademarkinfringement,toordertheinfringertopaytherightholderdamagesadequatetocompensatefortheinjurytherightholderhassufferedbecauseofaninfringementofthatperson’sintellectualpropertybyaninfringerengagedininfringingactivity,[…].

70 Enforcement enforcement_damages_accounting_of_profits_patent

Measureofdamages:Accountingofprofits,patentThisvariablecodesforthetypesofdamagesthatareavailableforpatent,copyright,andtrademarksinfringement.

Codeifaccountingofprofitsisavailableforpatent.Note1:Accountingofprofitsiswhenthedamagesinclude(recoveryof)profitsgainedbyIPRinfringment.Note2:alsocodeifavailableforIPingeneral.

23 CanadaEC(CETA)2014,Chapter20,Article20.40

1.EachPartyshallprovidethat:(a)inciviljudicialproceedings,itsjudicialauthoritiesshallhavetheauthoritytoordertheinfringerwhoknowinglyorwithreasonablegroundstoknow,engagedininfringingactivityofintellectualpropertyrightstopaytherightholder:[…]ii)theprofitsoftheinfringerthatareattributabletotheinfringement,whichmaybepresumedtobetheamountofdamagesreferredtoinparagraph(i)


ExamplePTA Wording

T+PTACodebook

71 Enforcement enforcement_damages_accounting_of_profits_copyright

Measureofdamages:Accountingofprofits,copyrightThisvariablecodesforthetypesofdamagesthatareavailableforpatent,copyright,andtrademarksinfringement.

Codeifaccountingofprofitsisavailableforcopyright.Note1:Accountingofprofitsiswhenthedamagesinclude(recoveryof)profitsgainedbyIPRinfringment.Note2:alsocodeifavailableforIPingeneral.

43 CAFTA2004,Article15.11.7a)

7.EachPartyshallprovidethat:(a)inciviljudicialproceedingsconcerningtheenforcementofintellectualpropertyrights,itsjudicialauthoritiesshallhavetheauthoritytoordertheinfringertopaytherightholder:[…](ii)atleastinthecaseofcopyrightorrelatedrights[…],theprofitsoftheinfringerthatareattributabletotheinfringementandarenottakenintoaccountincomputingtheamountofthedamagesreferredtoinclause(i);[…]

72 Enforcement enforcement_damages_accounting_of_profits_trademark

Measureofdamages:Accountingofprofits,trademarksThisvariablecodesforthetypesofdamagesthatareavailableforpatent,copyright,andtrademarksinfringement.

Codeifaccountingofprofitsisavailablefortrademarks.Note1:Accountingofprofitsiswhenthedamagesinclude(recoveryof)profitsgainedbyIPRinfringment.Note2:alsocodeifavailableforIPingeneral.

39 ChileUS2003,Article17.11.8a)

8.EachPartyshallprovidethat:(a)Inciviljudicialproceedings,thejudicialauthoritiesshallhavetheauthoritytoordertheinfringertopaytherightholder:(ii)atleastinthecaseofinfringementsoftrademark[…]theprofitsoftheinfringerthatareattributabletotheinfringementandarenotalreadytakenintoaccountindetermininginjury.”

73 Enforcement enforcement_punitive_damages_patent

Measureofdamages:Punitivedamages,patentThisvariablecodesforthetypesofdamagesthatareavailableforpatent,copyright,andtrademarksinfringement.

Codeifpunitivedamagesareavailableforpatent.Note1:Punitive/exemplarydamagesaredamagesimposedtodeterallegedinfringer/othersfrom(further)committingIPRinfringementbysettingthedamagehigherthanwhattheevidence-basedlosscouldbe(e.g.exceedingstatutorydamages).Oftenadditionaldamagestoalreadyimposeddamagesbasedontheseverityoftheinfringement.Note2:Includesreferencesprovidingforthepossibilitytoimposesanctionsonpartiestoalitigation,theircounsel,experts,orotherpersonssubjecttothecourt’sjurisdiction,forviolationofjudicialordersregardingtheprotectionofundisclosedinformationproducedorexchangedinaproceeding.Note3:Excludescriminalpenalties(e.g.pecuniaryfines).Note4:AlsocodeifavailableforIPingeneral.


7.Inciviljudicialproceedings,eachPartyshall,atleastwithrespecttoworks,phonograms,andperformancesprotectedbycopyrightorrelatedrights,andincasesoftrademarkcounterfeiting,establishormaintainpre-establisheddamages,whichshallbeavailableontheelectionoftherightholder.Pre-establisheddamagesshallbeinanamountsufficienttoconstituteadeterrenttofutureinfringementsandtocompensatefullytherightholderfortheharmcausedbytheinfringement.Inciviljudicialproceedingsconcerningpatentinfringement,eachPartyshallprovidethatitsjudicialauthorities,exceptinexceptionalcircumstances,shallhavetheauthoritytoincreasedamagestoanamountthatisuptothreetimestheamountoftheinjuryfoundorassessed.


ExamplePTA Wording

T+PTACodebook

74 Enforcement enforcement_punitive_damages_copyright

Measureofdamages:Punitivedamages,copyrightThisvariablecodesforthetypesofdamagesthatareavailableforpatent,copyright,andtrademarksinfringement.



MoroccoUS2004,Article15.10.12

KoreaUS2007,Article18.10.26

7.(b)Asanalternativetotherequirementsinsub-paragraph(a)withrespecttobothcopyrightandtotrademarkcounterfeiting,aPartymaymaintainasystemofadditionaldamagesinciviljudicialproceedingsinvolvinginfringementofcopyrightinworks,phonograms,andperformances[…].KoreaFTAhasonlycriminalsanctionswhereastheMoroccoFTAhasboth((a)iscriminal;(b)ispunitive).

EachPartyshallprovidethatitsjudicialauthoritieshavetheauthorityto:(a)fineorimprison,inappropriatecases,apartytoalitigationwhofailstoabidebyvalidordersissuedbysuchauthorities;and(b)imposesanctionsonpartiestoalitigation,theircounsel,experts,orotherpersonssubjecttothecourt’sjurisdiction,forviolationofjudicialordersregardingtheprotectionofundisclosedinformationproducedorexchangedinaproceeding.Note:(a)regardscriminaland(b)punitivesanctions

NON-EXAMPLE:EachPartyshallprovideforcriminalproceduresandpenaltiestobeappliedatleastincasesofwillfultrademarkcounterfeitingorcopyrightorrelatedrightspiracyonacommercialscale.Willfulcopyrightorrelatedrightspiracyonacommercialscaleincludes:(a)significantwillfulcopyrightorrelatedrightsinfringementsthathavenodirectorindirectmotivationoffinancialgain;and(b)willfulinfringementsforpurposesofcommercialadvantageorprivatefinancialgain.

75 Enforcement enforcement_punitive_damages_trademarks

Measureofdamages:Punitivedamages,trademarksThisvariablecodesforthetypesofdamagesthatareavailableforpatent,copyright,andtrademarksinfringement.


4 AustraliaUS2004,Article17.11.7b)

7.[...](b)Asanalternativetotherequirementsinsub-paragraph(a)withrespecttobothcopyrightandtotrademarkcounterfeiting,aPartymaymaintainasystemofadditionaldamagesinciviljudicialproceedingsinvolvinginfringementofcopyrightinworks,phonograms,andperformances;providedthatifsuchadditionaldamages,whileavailable,arenotregularlyawardedinproceedingsinvolvingdeliberateactsofinfringementwhereneededtodeterinfringement,thatPartyshallpromptlyensurethatsuchdamagesareregularlyawardedorestablishasystemofpre-establisheddamagesasspecifiedinsub-paragraph(a)withrespecttocopyrightinfringement.


ExamplePTA Wording

T+PTACodebook

76 Enforcement enforcement_criminal_sanctions_patent

CriminalsanctionsforIPInfringement:PatentThisvariablecodesfortheavailabilityofcriminalsanctionsforIPinfringement

Codeifcriminalsanctionsareavailableforpatent.Note1:Criminalsanctionsincludeimprisonment,fines,capitalpunishment,restitution.Note2:TRIPSalreadygrantscriminalsanctionsforcopyrightsandtrademarksthusnotcoded.Note3:alsocodeifavailableforIPingeneral.


1.EachPartyshallensurethatproceduresandremediessetforthinthisArticleforenforcementofintellectualpropertyrightsareestablishedinaccordancewithitsdomesticlaw.Suchadministrativeandjudicialproceduresandremedies,bothcivilandcriminal,shallbemadeavailabletotheholdersofsuchrightsinaccordancewiththeprinciplesofdueprocessthateachPartyrecognizesaswellaswiththefoundationsofitsownlegalsystem.

77 Enforcement enforcement_presumption_of_validity_patent

Presumptionofvalidity:PatentThisvariablecodesfortheexistenceofapresumptionofvalidityinfavouroftheholderoftheIPrightinanylitigation.

Codeifpresumptionofvalidityforpatentexists,i.e.patentisconsideredtobevalid.Note1:Proceduralconsideration(preliminaryinjunctions,orderofissues,etc.)thatmayleadtoaformofpresumptionofvalidityinfavouroftheIPholderdonotcounttowardthisindicator.Note2:ThisdiffersfromthepresumptionappliesbytheIPofficeinreviewingapplicationsforIP.Note3:alsocodeifavailableforIPingeneral.


Inproceedingsconcerningthegrantofprovisionalmeasuresinrelationtoenforcementofapatent,eachPartyshallprovideforarebuttablepresumptionthatthepatentisvalid.

78 Enforcement enforcement_presumption_of_validity_copyright

Presumptionofvalidity:CopyrightThisvariablecodesfortheexistenceofapresumptionofvalidityinfavouroftheholderoftheIPrightinanylitigation.

Codeifpresumptionofvalidityforcopyrightexists(presumptionofauthorshiporownership),i.e.copyrightisconsideredtobevalid.Note1:Proceduralconsideration(preliminaryinjunctions,orderofissues,etc.)thatmayleadtoaformofpresumptionofvalidityinfavouroftheIPholderdonotcounttowardthisindicator.Note2:ThisdiffersfromthepresumptionappliesbytheIPofficeinreviewingapplicationsforIP.Note3:alsocodeifavailableforIPingeneral.

31 ECKorea2010,Article10.53

Incivilproceedingsinvolvingcopyrightorrelatedrights,eachPartyshallprovideforapresumptionthat,intheabsenceofprooftothecontrary,thepersonorentitywhosenameisindicatedastheauthororrelatedrightholderoftheworkorsubjectmatterintheusualmanneristhedesignatedrightholderinsuchworkorsubjectmatter.


ExamplePTA Wording

T+PTACodebook

79 Enforcement enforcement_presumption_of_validity_trademark

Presumptionofvalidity:TrademarkThisvariablecodesfortheexistenceofapresumptionofvalidityinfavouroftheholderoftheIPrightinanylitigation.Note:Alsocodefortrademarklicenses

Codeifpresumptionofvalidityfortrademarksexists,i.e.trademarkisconsideredtobevalid.Note1:Proceduralconsideration(preliminaryinjunctions,orderofissues,etc.)thatmayleadtoaformofpresumptionofvalidityinfavouroftheIPholderdonotcounttowardthisindicator.Note2:ThisdiffersfromthepresumptionappliesbytheIPofficeinreviewingapplicationsforIP.Note3:alsocodeifavailableforIPingeneral.

16 BahrainUS2004,Article14.2.11

NeitherPartymayrequirerecordationoftrademarklicensestoestablishthevalidityofthelicense,toassertanyrightsinatrademark,orforotherpurposes.

80 Enforcement enforcement_restriction_of_insitutional_flexibility

RestrictionofinstitutionalflexibilityinIPRenforcement

CodeiftheflexibilityregardingIPRenforcementisrestricted,e.g.resourceconstraintsshallnotpreventIPRenforcement.Note:inSpanishPTAssearchfor"distribucióndelosrecursos"


ThePartiesunderstandthatadecisionthataPartymakesonthedistributionofenforcementresourcesshallnotexcusethatPartyfromcomplyingwiththisChapter.

81 Enforcement enforcement_border_measures_importing_exporting_transiting_goods

Bordermeasures:Codeifbordermeasuresapplytoimportedandexportedor/andtransitinggoods

Note:TRIPSappliesbordermeasuresonlytoimportedgoods,exceptforsuspensionofexportedgoods.


EachPartyshallprovidethatitscompetentauthoritiesmayinitiatebordermeasuresexofficio,withouttheneedforaformalcomplaintfromaprivatepartyorrightholder.SuchmeasuresshallapplytoshipmentsofpiratedandcounterfeitgoodsimportedintoorexportedoutofaParty’sterritory,includingshipmentsconsignedtoalocalparty.Fortransshippedgoodsthatarenotconsignedtoalocalparty,eachPartyshall,uponrequest,endeavortoexaminesuchgoods.ForproductstransshippedthroughtheterritoryofaPartydestinedforthe

82 Enforcement enforcement_criminal_procedures_remedies_no_formal_complaint_copyright

CriminalProceduresandRemedies:noformalcomplaintneededforcopyrightinfringement

Copyrightinfringement(piracy):authoritiesmayinitiatecriminalactionsandbordermeasureswithouttheneedforformalcomplaint.Note:inSpanishPTAssearchfor"solicitudformal"


EachPartyshallprovide,atleastincasesofcopyrightpiracyortrademarkcounterfeiting,thatitsauthoritiesmayinitiatecriminalactionsandbordermeasureactionsexofficio,withouttheneedforaformalcomplaintbyaprivatepartyorrightholder.

83 Enforcement enforcement_criminal_procedures_remedies_no_formal_complaint_trademark

CriminalProceduresandRemedies:noformalcomplaintneededfortrademarkinfringement

Trademarkinfringement(counterfeiting):authoritiesmayinitiatecriminalactionsandbordermeasureswithouttheneedforformalcomplaint.Note:inSpanishPTAssearchfor"solicitudformal"


26.EachPartyshallprovide,atleastincasesofcopyrightpiracyortrademarkcounterfeiting,thatitsauthoritiesmayinitiatecriminalactionsandbordermeasureactionsexofficio,withouttheneedforaformalcomplaintbyaprivatepartyorrightholder.


ExamplePTA Wording

T+PTACodebook

84 Enforcement enforcement_service_provider_liability_copyright

IsthereaserviceproviderliabilitydefinedfortheenforcementofIPRs?

Expeditiousremediestopreventinfringementsandcriminalandcivilremedies-legalincentivesforserviceproviderstocooperatewithcopyrightownersindeterringtheunauthorisedstorageandtransmissionofcopyrightedmateria-limitationsprecludemonetaryreliefandshouldproviderestrictionsoncourt-orderedrelieftocompelorrestraineg.transmittingandrouting


ConsistentwithArticle41oftheTRIPSAgreement,forthepurposeofprovidingenforcementproceduresthatpermiteffectiveactionagainstanyactofcopyrightinfringementcoveredunderthisChapter,includingexpedittiousremediestopreventinfringementsandcriminalandcivilremedies,eachPartyshallprovide,consistentwiththeframeworkspecifiedinthisArticle:(a)legalinvcentivesforserviceproviderstocooperatewithcopyrightownersindeterringtheunauthorisedstorageandtransmissionofcopyrightedmaterials;and(b)limitationsinitslawregardingthescopeofremediesavailableagainstserviceprovidersforcopyrightinfringementsthattheydonotcontrol,initiate,ordirect,andthattakeplacethroughsystemsornetworkscontrolledoroperatedbythemorontheirbehalf,assetforthinthissub-paragraph....

85 Exhaustion exhaustion_national_patents

Nationalexhaustionforpatentsisstated

Codeifanti-parallelimportationprovisionsexistforimportationbeyondthecountry(nationalexhaustion)forpatentsNote1:alsocodeifavailableforIPingeneral.Note2:inSpanishPTAssearchfor"agotamiento"or"importaciónparalela"

4 ECGeorgia2014,Article152

Exhaustion.EachPartyshallprovideforaregimeofdomesticorregionalexhaustionofintellectualproperty.

86 Exhaustion exhaustion_regional_patents

Regionalexhaustionforpatentsisstated

Codeifanti-parallelimportationprovisionsexistforimportationbeyondtheregion(regionalexhaustion)forpatentsNote1:alsocodeifavailableforIPingeneral.Note2:inSpanishPTAssearchfor"agotamiento"or"importaciónparalela"



87 Exhaustion exhaustion_national_copyright

Nationalexhaustionforcopyrightsisstated

Codeifanti-parallelimportationprovisionsexistforimportationbeyondthecountry(nationalexhaustion)forcopyrightsNote1:alsocodeifavailableforIPingeneral.Note2:inSpanishPTAssearchfor"agotamiento"or"importaciónparalela"

4 PanamaTaiwan2003,Article16.03

ExhaustionofCopyrightandRelatedRights.1.ThePartiesagreetoapplytheprincipleofthecopyrightandrelatedrightsexhaustion,meaningthattheholderofthecopyrightandrelatedrightsshallnothinderfreetradeoflegitimateproductsinaParty,oncelegallyintroducedfortradeintothatParty,bythesamerightorlicenseholderorbyanyotherauthorizedthirdperson,providedthattheseproductsandthepackagesthatareinimmediatecontactwiththemhavenotsufferedandmodificationoralteration.2.ThePartieshaveoneyearfromtheentryintoforceofthisAgreementtoincorporatethisprincipleintoitsnationallegislation.

88 Exhaustion exhaustion_regional_copyright

Regionalexhaustionforcopyrightsisstated

Codeifanti-parallelimportationprovisionsexistforimportationbeyondtheregion(regionalexhaustion)forcopyrightsNote1:alsocodeifavailableforIPingeneral.Note2:inSpanishPTAssearchfor"agotamiento"or"importaciónparalela"




ExamplePTA Wording

T+PTACodebook

89 Exhaustion exhaustion_national_trademarks

Nationalexhaustionfortrademarksisstated

Codeifanti-parallelimportationprovisionsexistforimportationbeyondthecountry(nationalexhaustion)fortrademarksNote1:alsocodeifavailableforIPingeneral.Note2:inSpanishPTAssearchfor"agotamiento"or"importaciónparalela"



90 Exhaustion exhaustion_regional_trademarks

Regionalexhaustionfortrademarksisstated

Codeifanti-parallelimportationprovisionsexistforimportationbeyondtheregion(regionalexhaustion)fortrademarksNote1:alsocodeifavailableforIPingeneral.Note2:inSpanishPTAssearchfor"agotamiento"or"importaciónparalela"

