SHARJAH ELECTRICITY & WATER AUTHORITY BY : ASMA ALI HAJAR
SAEED HESSA ELSHIBA NOURA ALI SHAIMA JUMA 2014
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What is SEWA ? Sharjah Electricity And Water Authority (SEWA)
is the providing services of electricity, water and natural gas to
the residents of Sharjah city. It was established in the 1940 SEWA
contain many departments such as : *Electricity and Desalination
Plants on Abu Moussa, Wasir Bu Nair and Al Zubair Islands
*Khorfakkan Electricity Generation and Water Desalination Plant
*Zulal Water Factory *Al Layyah Electricity Generation and Water
Desalination
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Wasit Electricity Generation Plant Generate electricity only
Contain 6 main departments *Administration department *Operation
Room *Planning department *Electrical Maintenance Department (EMD)
* Instrument Maintenance Department (IMD) * Mechanical Maintenance
Department (MMD) Two main ways to generate power *Diesel Power
Generation *Gas Power Generation. But other station can do also
Steam Power Generation
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Operation Room or Control
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Gas Turbine Phases:. *Phase 1 o GT1, 2, 3 *Phase 2 o GT 4A,4B
*Phase 3 o GT 5A, 5B *Phase 4 o GT 6A, 6B *Phase 5 o GT 7A, 7B *Two
Roiss Roiss Total Power generated =1200 MW
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Gas Turbine Two type *Frame 6 (10 compaction unite, Start motor
work on diesel) *Frame 9 (14 compaction unite, Start motor work on
electrical) Frame 9 Frame 6
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Gas Turbine Component: *Filter filtering the air from humidity
and dust *Air dust clean the air *Axial compressor Increase air
pressure *Combustion chamber Increase the volume of air by heating
it *Turbine Convert the thermal energy of gases in mechanical
energy (as useful work on the rotor) *Generator generate the power
from mechanical to electrical *Step up/ step down transformer SU
increase the power while SD decrease the power. *Starting Device
give power to unit to start
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Gas Turbine
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Elements for turbine running: *Cooling o reduce the temperature
of gas *Supplying fuel o Such as gas or diesel *Atomizing air for
combustion o Its used to convert the liquid fuel into small drops
to go into the CC
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Gas turbine Starting the turbine: *Electrical motor or diesel
engine to start the unit as the routine reach 60% so the combustion
chambers are fired. * As the turbine speed is higher than the start
engine speed the engine is disconnected and shut down. *As the
turbine reach the nominal speed, the unit is ready to be
synchronized to the network so the starting is complete and the
unit has reach full speed no load (FSNL).
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Gas turbine Shutting Down: *Normal shutdown o Manually
operation by stop switch or some mechanical or regulation problem
through protection devices *Emergency shutdown (Trip) o Depressing
the emergency stop button or by some mechanical or regulation
important problem through special devices. o Trip is for two reason
Human error Protection 1.Actual (Ex. problem in the Vibration
device) 2.False (Ex. wrong reading from the Vibration device)
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Cooling water System 1 1 3 3 4 4 2 2
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Cooling water System process 1.The water is stored in the tank
which is distilled water 2.The motor move the distilled water to
two parts. Generator Oil temperature cooling and then to the
atomizing air cooling So it will reduce the temperature for the two
parts 3.The water is joined from the two part and then go to the
fans. 4.The fans reduce the water temperature
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Cooling down This step is Immediately following a shut down The
rotor is rotated to provide uniform cooling. prevents rotor from
bowing, rubbing and imbalance. The turbine can be: Started loaded
at any time during the cooling down cycle.
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Cool down operation: START UP : 1.COOL DOWN ON.( + EXECUTE).
2.AUXILIARY OIL PUMP AOP STARS ( CHECKS OIL PRESSURE 7 BAR) 3. LUBE
OIL HEATER PRESSURE 1.3 BAR. 4.COOLING WATER PUMP START ( PRESSURE
4 BAR). 5.JACKING OIL PRESSURE: 80 -100 BAR. 6.MIST ELIMINATOR FAN
STARTS. 7. BT FAN WILL START. 8.CHECK THE OIL FLOW IN ALL THE VIEW
GLASS
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Exhaust System The Exhaust systems have a fan. Exhaust systems
are necessary to guide the exhaust flue gases and the toxic gases
of the gas turbine into the atmosphere. It can cause to death.
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Fire fighting system Most fires happens because of diesel
leaking.
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Electrical Maintenance Departments (EMD)
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F-6 F-9 RR BE TY 2x33MW 11KV 8x109MW 15KV 2x47MW 11.5KV 1x23MW
11KV Monitoring Frequency 50 Hz 400 V 230 V Generating
Sequence
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143 MVA GT 5B 220 KV 15/220 KV 282 MVA GT 6A 15 KV 100MW GT 6B
IB 220/132 KV 132 KV 15/ 6.6 KV 4MVA GT 7A GT 7B
SAJA1SAJA2SAJA3SAJA4 2x75 MVA 302 MVA Wasit Distribution Network ~
~ ~ ~ ~ GT 5AGT 4A ~~ GT 4B ~ 33 KV XXXX X X X X X X X X X X XX XXX
X ~ X GT1 30 MW ~ X GT2 30 MW XXXX ~ X GT3 20MW ~ X RR1 40MW ~ X
RR2 40MW X X X AZRARMQGHFA UMKRRMTA X X IB 220/33 KV 3x75 MVA XXX
Generator 220 KV 132 KV 33KV
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MotorGenerator Electrical => MechanicalMechanical =>
Electrical Consume => Electricity Produce => Power Consume
=> Power Produce => Electricity
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Transformers Dry type Oil Filed Low Capacity High capacity For
Volt Transfer
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Breakers Air circuit breakerOil circuit breakerGas circuit
breaker Work byAirOilGas CostLowMediumHighest Specifications Large
( x10 ) Medium ( x2 ) Maintenance required Low size ( x1 ) No
maintenance Efficient picture
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Monitoring Start up Protection Cheap Monthly Maintenance No
Maintenance Average costYearly Maintenance Highest cost
HDSV (high main sodium vapor) -Yellow -As,much as its high, it
covers more area -LED type HDMV (Mercury vapor) - White - Places
where require more lights MHL (Metal halide lamp) -White -Used at
workshops and for study FTL (fluorescent tube light) -White, yellow
-Tube lights Lighting
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Mechanical Maintenance Departments (MMD)
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MMD: design and manufacturing, and installation, and operation
of the engines, machinery, and manufacturing processes.
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Gas system operation The two main valves : 1.GCV: set for gas
control valve. 2.SRV: set for gas ratio valve. Operation: *Gas come
from SAJAA (yellow pipe) and goes directly to SRV & GCV, which
take the gas to combustion chamber if they open. If any trip happen
they will close and solenoid gas valve open to let the gas which
located between them to go to the atmosphere.
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Torque Converter operation Two motor to rotate the shaft:
*Turbine gear motor (88TG 1, Turning gear) *Cranking motor (88CR 1)
The torque converter transfer the speed from left side shaft to the
right side shaft, if the left is running in 1000 rpm then the right
should run at the same speed. Inside the torque converter there is
two main things that transfer the speed between the motors
1.Solenoid valve turbine unit (20TU 1) 2.Limit switch turbine
control (33TC 1) Both this thing are operate using oil wine the oil
pass throw them they are connected and the operation starts.
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Torque Converter
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IGV operation IGV located before the compressor it take the air
from filter and send 100% pure air which has no dust or moisture
for compressor. If the IGV open with 34 degree it has zero loads
(zero speed) the turbine not rotating. When the degree reaches 56
degree the chamber is firing this mean that its full speed with
3000 rpm.
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IGV operation
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Instrument Maintenance Departments (IMD)
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IMD: reading the valves from the Gages Measure the temperature
Detect the level of the valve Indicate the position of the valve
Detect the gas How many rpm is a converter that measures a physical
quantity and converts it into a signal measure temperature by
correlating the resistance of the RTD element with temperature.
Sensors that detect the presence of operators near hazardous
machines of facilitates.
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GCV and SRV instruments GCV *Solenoid valve fuel gas control
(20FGC 1) SRV *Solenoid valve fuel gas start (20FGS 1) Solenoid
valve gas (20VG 1) *Release the gas that is between SRV & GCV
Pressure Transmitter fuel gas *To detect the gas pressure o 96FG 2A
o 96FG 2B o 96FG 2C
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Load Dispatch Center (LDC) SUPERVISE CONTROL AND DATA
EQUATION
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Fiber optic DEFINITION The medium and the technology associated
with the transmission of information as light impulses along a
glass or plastic wire or fiber. ADVANTAGE Fiber optic cables have a
much greater bandwidth than metal cables. This means that they can
carry more data. Fiber optic cables are less susceptible than metal
cables to interference. Fiber optic cables are much thinner and
lighter than metal wires. Data can be transmitted digitally (the
natural form for computer data) rather than analogically.
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RTU (Remote Terminal Unit) DEFINITION an electronic device that
is controlled by a microprocessor. The device interfaces with
physical objects to a Distributed Control System (DCS) or
Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) system by
transmitting telemetry data to the system. TYPES PDH
(Plesiochronous digital hierarchy) 2 Mbps telecommunications
network transmission technology designed for the transport of large
data volumes across large scale digital networks. PDH uses ( E1)
channels in Europe and 1.544 Mb/s ( DS1) channels in the US and
Japan. Each E1 = 64Kbps
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RTU (Remote Terminal Unit) TYPES SDH (Synchronous Digital
Hierarchy) standard technology for synchronous data transmission on
optical media. It is the international equivalent of Synchronous
Optical Network. Synchronous Transport Modules (STM) STM-1 (155
Mbps) = 63*E1 DWDM (Dense wavelength division multiplexing) SDHS
BENEFITS OVER THE PDH Reduce costs world standard digital format
synchronous structure is flexible Easy traffic cross connection
capacity and add and drop facility
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SCADA (Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition) DEFINITION A
category of software application program for process control, the
gathering of data in real time from remote locations in order to
control equipment and conditions Used to monitor and control a
plant or equipment in industries such telecommunications water and
waste control energy oil and gas refining and transportation SCADA
systems include hardware and software components. The hardware
gathers and feeds data into a computer that has SCADA software
installed. The computer then processes this data and presents it in
a timely manner. SCADA also records and logs all events into a file
stored on a hard disk or sends them to a printer. SCADA warns when
conditions become hazardous by sounding alarms.