WELCOME
RAILWAY SECURITY MONITORING SYSTEM USING VIBRATION SENSOR
AND ZIGBEE
PROJECT GUIDE
MRS.M.MANJUSHA PRESENTED BY,
ARUNA.S.J
ASWATHY.S
ASWATHY.V.G
contents Introduction
Existing system
Focus on
Components
Block diagrams
Descriptions
Over all working
Result and discussion
Conclusion
Reference
INTRODUCTION
In the rapidly flourishing country like ours, accidents in rail road railings are increasing day by day.
The train accidents cause severe damage to life and property
This project deals with one of the efficient method to avoid train accidents.
Causes for railway accidents
Human error.
Track problems or adverse weather conditions.
Derailment in curves and bends.
Mis-signaling due to fog or mist.
Collision between trains
Existing system
Oral communication through telephonic and telegraphic conversations.
IR sensors are also used to identify the cracks in the railway.
LASER Proximity Detector
Use of satellites for communication.
No combined solution for collision avoidance,derailment and railway gate control
•Train derailment in curves and bends •Collision between trains
•Automatic railway gate control
FOCUS ON
BLOCK DIAGRAMS
BASE STATION
Microcontroller (PIC 16f877a)
ZigBee
Servo motor for
gate control
Power
Vibration sensor
Components (base station)
•Micro controller(PIC 16f877a)
•Vibration sensor
•Servo motors
•ZigBee transceiver
Microcontroller (PIC 16f73)
ZigBeePower
Brake control
TRAIN SIDE
BLOCK DIAGRAM
Components (Train side)
•Micro controller(PIC 16f73)
•ZigBee transceiver
Vibration sensor
Uses piezoelectric effect
Vibration indicates the arrival or departure of train.
Sense the position of train at 1 to 3km away.
types
Mini sense 100-vertical
Mini sense 100-horizontal
Continued….
The sensor used here is mini sense 100 vertical
Mini sense 100 vertical
Continued….
High sensitivity
Good frequency response
Excellent linearity
Shielded construction
Analog output
With stands high shock
MICROCONTROLLER
Set of digital logic circuits integrated on a single chip.
Micro controller is for entire control.
Examples:8051,89c51,PIC,motorola etc
The micro controller used here is PIC
PIC MICROCONTROLLER
Powerful fully featured processor
High performance RISC CPU
Operating speed 20 mhz
Operating voltage 4.0 to 5.5v
Operating temperature range -40 to +85
• 8-bit microcontroller.
• 40 or 44 pin package.
• 256 bytes of EEPROM data memory.
• Interfaced with the input sensing devices.
PIC16f877a (Base station)
Pin diagram of pic 16f877a
sensor
oscillator
motor
zigbee
MICROCONTROLLER
• 256 bytes EEPROM.
• 8 KB of flash memory.
• 28 pin package.
• Placed inside the train.
PIC16f73 (TRAIN SIDE)
Pin diagram of pic 16f73
oscillator
zigbee
Tip 122
ZIGBEE Networking protocol
IEEE 802.15.4
suite for high level communication
Uses mesh network
Based on OSI architecture
Data rate-250 Kbits/sec
Rotary actuator
Modified form of DC motor
Precise control of angular position
Based on PWM switching
SERVO MOTOR
Gear system
Potentiometer
DC motor
Inside a servo motor
Pwm switching of servo motor
BASE STATION SIDE
TRAIN SIDE
Circuit diagram
BASE STATION SIDE
Power supply section Regulator IC (LM 7805)
Lithium ion battery
Sensor section Vibration sensor
Communication Zigbee transceiver section
TRAIN SIDE
Power supply section Regulator IC (LM 7805)
Lithium ion battery
Communication ZigBee transceiver section
Brake control section Transistor(TIP 122)
Relay switch
Collision between trains
Sensor sense the vibration.
More than one sensor show high value.
µc sends signal to µc in train side using zigbee transceiver .
Power supply will cutoff.
Collision can be avoided.
Train derailment in curves and bends
Sensor sense continuously.
µc doesn’t get value.
µc sends signal to µc in train side
Using zigbee transceiver section
Power supply will cutoff
Train will be stopped.
Automatic railway gate control
Sensor sense vibration 3 km away.
Output given to µc
µc give instruction to close the gate
Gate is closed automatically using servomotor.
Gate is opened after the train is passing
Automatic railway gate control
START
CHECK ANY DATA PRESENT
IF DATA RXED FROM TRAIN
GATE CLOSED
NO
YES
Continued….
OVER ALL WORKING
The proposed model makes use of ZigBee protocol as a medium of transferring information
SOFTWARE USED
MPLAB IDE
PROTEUS SIMULATION SOFTWARE
CCS C COMPILER
Result and Discussion•The sensors sense the input and sends to the microcontroller, where it responds •Gives command to the particular component with predefined algorithm. •The time parameters are crucial which can be easily changed and modified using Micro-controllers. •Thus, this device would work incoherence would help to reduce the train collisions.
CONCLUSION
In this project, an anti-collision system for trains have been designed, simulated and tested.
The simulation has been done using proteus electronic simulation package
Train collisions , de railing & rail road accidents are avoided.
Hence it is expected that, major train mishaps can be prevented and human life saved if this system is implemented.
REFERENCE www.collision-avoidance.org
www.vibrametrics.com;
www.ni.com
www.konkanrailway.com
www.faadooengineers.com
QURIES
THANK YOU
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