Psychology of Teaching and Learning
Missouri Baptist University
Kristi Scott
March 9, 2010
Howard Gardner“The multiple intelligences approach does not require a teacher to design a lesson in nine different ways so that all students can access the material. Rather, it involves creating rich experiences in which students with different intelligence profiles can interact with the materials and ideas using their particular combinations of strengths and weaknesses.”
History
Born July 11, 1943 Grew up in Scranton, PennsylvaniaTalented musician Married to developmental psychologist Ellen Winner and has four children
Mentors
Influenced byErik EriksonJerome BrunerJean Piaget
Overview
In his landmark book Frames of Mind: The Theory Of Multiple Intelligences, published in 1983, Harvard University education professor Howard Gardner unveiled a theory of multiple intelligences that famously rejected the traditional and long-held view that aptitude consists solely of the ability to reason and understand complex ideas.
Overview
Instead, he identified seven separate human capacities: musical, verbal, physical, interpersonal, visual, logical, and intrapersonal. And not all of them, including the category he added years later -- naturalistic -- could be easily evaluated by the standard measuring stick of the time: the IQ test.
Gardner’s Eight Multiple IntelligencesINTELLIGENCE EXPLANATION ADULT OUTCOMES
Linguistic The ability to think in words and use language in complex ways
Lawyer, poet, public speaker, writer
Logical-mathematical The ability to calculate, quantify, and hypothesize and to recognize patterns
Engineer, mathematician, scientist
Spatial The capacity to think three-dimensionally
Architect, artist, pilot, surgeon
Body-Kinesthetic The ability to use the body and hands skillfully
Choreographer, rock climber, skilled artisan
Continued…
Gardner’s Eight Multiple IntelligencesINTELLIGENCE EXPLANATION ADULT OUTCOMES
Musical Sensitivity to rhythm, pitch, melody, and tone
Acoustic engineer, composer, musician
Interpersonal The ability to understand and act productively on others’ actions and motivations
Actor, political leader, sales person, teacher, therapist
Intrapersonal The ability to understand one’s own feelings and capabilities
Autobiographer, sensitive individual, good decision maker
Naturalist The ingenuity to observe patterns, create classifications, and develop and understand systems
Archeologist, farmer, hunter, landscape architect
“Big Thinkers” video (double-click on screen)
Multiple Intelligences ImplicationsLinguistic IntelligenceWrite a sequel to a storyUse cooperative learning techniques and get
involved in group activities.Make a speech on a relevant topicKeep a log or journal about daily experiencesRead and write poetry
Multiple Intelligences ImplicationsLogical-MathematicalCreate a detailed outline on a subject they
are studyingCompare and contrast objects –physical
things or concepts—mental thingsConstruct a logical argument for some
process or ideaParticipate in an empirical study based on the
scientific methodAnalyze a series of events or phenomena for
underlying patterns
Multiple Intelligences ImplicationsVisual-SpatialDesign a buildingStudy a picture and then list objects in the
picture without reference to itStudy a picture and then describe what lies
just outside the scope of the pictureDevelop a mind-map for a given area of
studyDevelop a highly visual presentation for a
given area of study
Multiple Intelligences ImplicationsBodily-KinestheticPhysically build somethingGet involved in a sport that teaches, such as
KarateAct out scientific processes, such as
planetary rotationLearn to play physical games that are popular
in other culturesTeach someone how to use a physical device
Multiple Intelligences ImplicationsMusical-RhythmicListen to different types of music to prepare for
an activity, such as relaxing music before a testCreate a tune about a given area of studyAnalyze how different people speak, such as
inflections or pitchesListen to various sounds from nature in an
attempt to discern patterns and rhymes, such as bird songs
Listen to a famous piece of music and describe it’s mood
Multiple Intelligences ImplicationsInterpersonalUtilize cooperative learning techniques for
covering subject matterConduct interviews to gather information on
a given area of studyTeach someone how to do/understand
something in a given area of studyRole-play a famous character to gain
understanding about the characterWork on an important issue to the community
Multiple Intelligences ImplicationsIntrapersonalImagine having a dialog with a famous figure,
historical or otherwiseKeep a diary/journal about what you learn
each day and what it means to youKeep track of his/her moods and feelings
when working in a given area of studyBuild a mind map of a given area of studyBrainstorm on how his/her culture influences
his/her thinking in a given area of study
Multiple Intelligences ImplicationsNaturalisticField tripsCategorizing/interacting with something
natural, such as bugs or rocksObserve animal behaviorManipulate outdoor equipmentDesign experiments
AwardsMacArthur Prize FellowshipGrawemeyer Award in Education
Guggenheim Fellowship Recipient of 20 honorary degrees from 26 colleges and universities around the world
Current ActivitiesThe John H. and Elisabeth A. Hobbs Professor
of Cognition and Education at the Harvard Graduate School of Education
Adjunct Professor of Psychology at Harvard University
Adjunct Professor of Neurology at the Boston University School of Medicine
Senior Director of Harvard Project ZeroDirector of the GoodWork ProjectNewest Book — Five Minds For The Future
The End
Any questions?
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