University of Eastern Finland and FinCEAL
Creating Transformational Partnerships for Food and
Nutrition Security
4 June 2014
Market-driven Approaches to Nutrition Security in
Southern Africa
Anna Rosengren and Lesley-Anne van Wyk
European Centre for Development Policy
Management (ECDPM)
● Who is ECDPM? ● Market-based approaches to Nutrition Security
● Linking agriculture and nutrition in regional policy
frameworks in SADC ● Key issues and questions for discussion
Overview
•Independent and non-partisan foundation
•Main goal: broker effective development partnerships between the EU and the Global South, particularly Africa
•Areas of work: EU external action, security & resilience, economic transformation and trade, Africa’s change dynamics, food security
•Methods: dialogue facilitation, tailored advice, policy-oriented research with partners from the South, institutional capacity building
● www.ecdpm.org
European Centre for Development Policy Management (ECDPM)
Page * ECDPM
Focus on regional dimensions of agricultural
development and food security
More specifically, e.g.:
•Support regions to formulate & implement regional
investment plans
•Promote development partners’ alignment &
harmonisation to support regional initiatives
•Involvement of farmers’ organisations in regional
processes
•Strengthen synergies between sectors (e,g. agriculture,
trade, infrastructure,…)
ECDPM food security programme
Two parallel policy movements:
● The role of the private sector in development
● Nutrition as a part of food security agenda
Characteristics
● Complex and multi-sectoral agenda
- Immediate, underlying and basic causes
Approaches to tackle undernutrition
● Direct, indirect and enabling
Drivers
● Public and private sector
Market-based approaches to nutrition
•Nutrition: Availability, Access, Awareness, Supporting Environment
•Base of Pyramid: Availability, Access, Awareness, Affordability
•Similar principles but what about:
- Objectives?
- Approaches?
- Targets?
- Impacts?
- Sustainability?
Alignment of agendas
1. Farmer development services 2. Secured sourcing schemes 3. BoP intermediaries 4. Food production adaptation 5. Hybrid market creation
5 BoP Business Interventions
Regional approaches to Nutrition Security
● CAADP (2002) agricultural component of NEPAD
(2001)
● AU Declaration of Maputo on agriculture and food
security (2003) to emphasize importance of CAADP
agenda and fast-track implementation
● Key elements: Famous 10% of public spending and
6% annual agricultural growth
● But goes far beyond: broader agricultural
transformation agenda - address root causes of
agricultural crisis and food insecurity in Africa
Maputo Declaration & Comprehensive Africa Agriculture Development Programme (CAADP)
Pillars:
1.Sustainable Land and Water Management
2.Market Access
3.Food Supply and Hunger (Nutrition)
4.Agricultural Research
Some key CAADP Principles
-Multi-sectoral approach
-Multi-stakeholder involvement
-Evidence-based policy making
-Implementation guided by national and regional
compacts & investment plans
CAADP pillars & principles
Policy frameworks ● The Comprehensive Africa Agriculture
Development Programme (CAADP) (especially Pillar III)
● SADC Regional Agricultural Policy (RAP)
● Draft SADC Food and Nutrition Security
Strategy 2014-2020 Initiatives ● Women Informal Cross-Border Traders
(WICBT)
Key Examples of Regional approaches to nutrition security in SADC
● Combination of food security/agricultural approach and health/human centred approach
● process to date - borne from the RAP development process - anchored in the RISDP, national policy processes
and actions - takes a ‘life-circle/life-course’ approach for
strengthening the health sectors with nutrition-specific interventions while also strengthening the nutrition-sensitive interventions in agriculture, education, social protection, trade
- key stakeholders for review and implementation include: public sector (agriculture, health, gender) farmers organisation, youth, regional organisations, labour unions, and others
Draft SADC Food and Nutrition Security Strategy 2014-2020
Goal: To ensure food and nutrition security for all segments of SADC populations for socio-economic growth and development and overall well-being
Intermediate outcomes: 1. Improved food availability 2. Improved access to food 3. Improved food utilisation
Private sector and agri-business is key stakeholder for FNSS implementation
Draft SADC Food and Nutrition Security Strategy 2014-2020
Nutrition sensitive value chains – Zambian experience with Vitamin A Maize
● Maize accounts for 57% of daily caloric intake in Zambia
● Approx. 10% of the population are smallholder farmers
● Biofortification is one aspect of many in Zambia’s FNS approach (incl. dietary diversity, supplementation and commercial fortification)
● Work with smallholder farmers, government offices, agri-processors, research institutions
● Areas of collaboration included: ● Advocacy and promotional campaigns for scaling up
nutrition Policy analysis and formulation ● Delivery of services, e.g. linking farmers to markets,
post harvest handling etc ● Knowledge and information sharing and dissemination ● Mobilization of resources to address/resolve
malnutrition.
Nutrition sensitive value chains – Zambian experience with Vitamin A Maize
● Consumption patterns and attitudes for new crops
are a difficult to change. Using diverse information sources (NGOs, Public, Private, CBOs etc) works better.
● Multi-stakeholder collaboration across private, public
and NGO sectors is crucial to drive adoption of nutritious crops.
● For PPPs to work, need to put clear operational
processes in place, developed jointly
Nutrition sensitive value chains in Zambia - lessons for partnerships
● Approaches able to deal with nutrition complexity?
● Commercial viability vs coverage
● Awareness is key – information/marketing
● Regulation also – institutional challenges
● BoP needs scale - little on regional approaches
● Business environment an overriding constraint
● Need for CSOs to share risks, ensure local linkages,
benefits?
● Motivation – does it matter if it is CSR?
● How can local development benefit?
● Need to address inflexible institutional arrangements
for implementing cross-sectoral initiatives at national
and regional scales
Some key issues
Thank you www.ecdpm.org
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Availability
● Consumption
● Fostering consumer demand for fortified food
● Government regulations of fortification standards
● Local production?
● Own consumption: bio-fortification of seeds
Access
● P: local and intra-household distribution
● p: price levels (which product)
● C: local markets not major consumer markets -
viability?
Awareness
● Behavioural choices
● Consumer and producer awareness
● Marketing versus independent information
Enabling/supporting
● Working with local PS: Risk and aware sharing,
Voice and ownership
● Overarching business environment
● Strong institutional set-up
● Government champions
● Regional initiatives: ● Global Hunger Index (GHI) ● SUN Movement ● Global Nutrition for Growth Compact ● Maternal, Infant and Young Child
Nutrition (MIYCN) ● National policies, strategies and action
plans
On-going efforts to address Food and Nutrition Insecurity in SADC
•Challenges & lessons
•More on roles of partnerships and different
partners?
•How to create more trust and credibility?
•Drivers, obstacles and opportunities for greater
private sector participation?
Discussion topics
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