MAO’S RED CHINA

China and the World, 1949-1976

CHINA’S PLACE IN THE CONTEXT OF THE COLD WAR

• PRC Comes into Being at Beginning of Cold War

• Natural PRC Would Ally With USSR

• This Alarmed the Americans…Domino Theory in Asia

• Mao’s Foreign Policy Largely Dictated by Marxism-Leninsm

Uncertain Relations With the USA• The Marshall Mission• US Provides Aid to

Kuomintang During Chinese Civil War

• After Civil War, US Appears Willing to Recognize PRC

• Cold War Hysteria (McCarthyism) Prevents Recognition

• Red Scare, Particularly After Signing of Friendship Treaty With USSR

EARLY 1950S: WORSENING RELATIONS WITH USA

• Chinese Invasion of Tibet Incorporates Region Into China• The Korean War• China Refused Entry in United Nations• USA Supports and Protects Chiang Kaishek’s Taiwan

THE SINO SOVIET SPLIT• Hostility of UN and US

Toward China Brought USSR & China Closer

• Khrushchev’s Warming of Relations with USA Disturbed Mao

• Mao Disagree with “Peaceful Co-existence”

• Armed Clashes Ensue Between China and USSR Along Border

• 1960s USSR Stopped All Aid to PRC

CHINA AND THE USA• Relations Remain Bad in the

1960s• China Alarmed by USA

Presence in Taiwan and Involvement in Vietnam

• Vietnam Conflict Brought US Bombers Close to China

• US Withdrawal From Vietnam Leads to Improvement in Relations

CHINA’S SOUTHERN NEIGHBORS

• 1959 Tibetan Revolt Crushed - Dalai Lama Flees to India

• Conflict with India - War Breaks Out in 1962

PEACE WITH NEIGHBORS

• 1962 - 1979 Peace with Neighbors

• 1979 Chinese Dispute with Vietnam Turns into War

• Aim of War to Stop USSR Influence