LeukemiaKali Cresent
1st HourOctober 5th, 2011
What is it? The rapid increase in
white blood cell count.
First called “Weisses Blut” by European Physicians
History Officially diagnosed in 1845 John Hughes Bennett Edinburgh 1913: 4 types diagnosed
History of treatment 3 types: Radiation,
Chemotherapy, and Arsenic.
Arsenic: Thomas Fowler – “Fowler’s Solution”
History of treatment Radiation: 1897 studies
found that radiation helped reduce tumors.
Chemotherapy: 1940s, Developed from Mustard Gas. ( Germans WW1)
Scientists John Hughes Bennett Thomas Fowler George Hitchings & Gertrude Elion
Foundations American Cancer
Society National Children’s
Cancer Society Me Fine Foundation
Folden, 2 yrs old
Testing
Physical Exam Blood Tests (CBC) Biopsy Spinal Tap X-Rays, MRI’s, etc.
Major Symptoms Poor blood
clotting Poor immune
system Anemia Lesions
Types of Leukemia
There are 4 main types of Leukemia.
Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia (ALL)
Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL)
Acute Myelogenous Leukemia (AML)
Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia (CML)
Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia
Rapid multiplication
Childhood Leukemia
Ages 2-8 Easiest to treat Lymphocytes
Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia
Slow multiplication 50+ Lymph nodes &
Spleen Lymphocytes
Acute Myelogenous Leukemia
Rapid Multiplication Granulocytes 40+
Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia
Slow multiplication Granulocytes Rare 30-60
Treatment Blood Transfusions Chemotherapy
(50+ drugs avail.) Radiation Bone Marrow
Transplants
Chemotherapy 3 stages 1st: Kills Leukemic cells as
quickly as possible. 2nd: Remission, destroys
any hidden cells 3rd: 2-3 years of more
drugs to kill remaining cells.
Radiation High-risk only! X-rays Stops cell division
Bone Marrow Transplants Only considered for CML,
AML, or relapsed ALL. Destroyed bone marrow
replaced with new. Helps produce healthy
blood. Given by needle
Blood Transfusions Increases RBC’s Keep hemoglobin
normal Maintain blood level Life-threatening
situations
Transmission/Inheritance Genetics Hereditary Environmental
Exposures
Demographics Any ethnicity, age,
gender, location Survival rates vary by
age Survival rates
percentage +
Bibliography http://rebeccanelson.com/leukemia/history.html http://cancer.about.com/od/leukemia/a/diagnos
eleukemi.htm http://
www.resource4leukemia.com/topics/foundationscharities.html
http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/142595.php
Bibliography http://depts.washington.edu/drrpt/2002
/research/rare.html Leukemia by Alvin & Virginia Silverstein
& Laura Silverstein Nunn Leukemia by Dorothy Schainman and
David E. Newton