Learning intentions•That organic chemistry is the chemistry of carbon•That alkanes are a homologous series of hydrocarbons with a general formula CnH2n+2
•That alkanes may form straight or branched molecules, and these are called isomers•That our written work is legible•That we can locate and use information from the reference book Advanced Chemistry for You•That the products of combustion of alkanes are carbon dioxide and water
Carbon
• Carbon forms the basis of all organic molecules. Organic molecules are found in living things (organisms)
e.g. amino acids, DNA, proteins, fats, carbohydrates, enzymes etc
• ‘organic’ means it contains carbon
• Organic chemistry is the chemistry of carbon
The Periodic Table
I II III IV V VI VII VIII
1 1H 2He
2 3Li 4Be 5B 6C 7N 8O 9F 10Ne
3 11Na 12Mg 13Al 14Si 15P 16S 17Cl 18Ar
groups
perio
ds
The carbon atom
6+
Carbon has four valence electrons
It can form four covalent bonds
H
H H
H
The first four alkanes Drawing Graphic
formula (p 159)Structural formula
Molecular formula
Naming the alkanesNumber of
carbon atomsName Molecular formula
Capturing the
products
Add to anhydrous copper sulfate
Have we covered these?• That organic chemistry is the chemistry of
carbon• That alkanes are a homologous series of
hydrocarbons with a general formula CnH2n+2
• That alkanes may form straight or branched molecules, and these are called isomers
• That our written work is legible• That we can locate and use information from
the reference book Advanced Chemistry for You• Products of combustion
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