Learning intentions•That organic chemistry is the chemistry of carbon•That alkanes are a homologous series of hydrocarbons with a general formula CnH2n+2

•That alkanes may form straight or branched molecules, and these are called isomers•That our written work is legible•That we can locate and use information from the reference book Advanced Chemistry for You•That the products of combustion of alkanes are carbon dioxide and water

Carbon

• Carbon forms the basis of all organic molecules. Organic molecules are found in living things (organisms)

e.g. amino acids, DNA, proteins, fats, carbohydrates, enzymes etc

• ‘organic’ means it contains carbon

• Organic chemistry is the chemistry of carbon

The Periodic Table

I II III IV V VI VII VIII

1 1H 2He

2 3Li 4Be 5B 6C 7N 8O 9F 10Ne

3 11Na 12Mg 13Al 14Si 15P 16S 17Cl 18Ar

groups

perio

ds

The carbon atom

6+

Carbon has four valence electrons

It can form four covalent bonds

H

H H

H

The first four alkanes Drawing Graphic

formula (p 159)Structural formula

Molecular formula

Naming the alkanesNumber of

carbon atomsName Molecular formula

Capturing the

products

Add to anhydrous copper sulfate

Have we covered these?• That organic chemistry is the chemistry of

carbon• That alkanes are a homologous series of

hydrocarbons with a general formula CnH2n+2

• That alkanes may form straight or branched molecules, and these are called isomers

• That our written work is legible• That we can locate and use information from

the reference book Advanced Chemistry for You• Products of combustion