If you look at a drop of pond water under a microscope, all the
"little creatures" you see swimming around are protists. If you
look at a drop of pond water under a microscope, all the "little
creatures" you see swimming around are protists.
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Kingdom Protista A protist is any organism not classified as a
plant, animal, fungus, or bacterial cell. A protist is any organism
not classified as a plant, animal, fungus, or bacterial cell. Many
scientists argue that this kingdom should actually be split into
several kingdoms. Many scientists argue that this kingdom should
actually be split into several kingdoms.
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Major Characteristics 1. cell structure: Eukaryotic 2. Most do
not have cell walls. 3. Most are unicellular; some multicellular:
some are colonial 4. Autotrophic or heterotrophic
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Protists are organized into 3 main groups according to how they
obtain food. Protists are organized into 3 main groups according to
how they obtain food. Protists are either Protists are either
Heterotrophic- animal-like Heterotrophic- animal-like Autotrophic-
plant-like Autotrophic- plant-like External digestion- fungus-like
External digestion- fungus-like
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Animal-like Protists The animal-like protists are classified
according to movement. The animal-like protists are classified
according to movement.
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A. Ciliates: A. Ciliates: movement by short hair like
projections called cilia. Example: Paramecium movement by short
hair like projections called cilia. Example: Paramecium
Paramecium.asf Paramecium.asf Paramecium.asf
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Sarcodines: Amoeba.asf Amoeba.asf movement by pseudopods
(extensions of the cytoplasm); example: amoeba; capture food by
surrounding it and taking it in as a food vacuole. movement by
pseudopods (extensions of the cytoplasm); example: amoeba; capture
food by surrounding it and taking it in as a food vacuole.
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Zooflagellates: swim using flagella; absorb food through cell
membrane; live in fresh water or may be parasitic; reproduce by
mitosis (offspring identical to parent) or sexual (genetically
different). swim using flagella; absorb food through cell membrane;
live in fresh water or may be parasitic; reproduce by mitosis
(offspring identical to parent) or sexual (genetically
different).
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Contractile vacoules helps a protist maintain equilibrium in a
hypotonic (pure water) environment
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Protists that are classified as pathogens are called
sporozoans. They do not move at all. They are considered parasites
Protists that are classified as pathogens are called sporozoans.
They do not move at all. They are considered parasites
Sporozoans.asf Sporozoans.asf Sporozoans.asf
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Animal-like Protists and Disease: Malaria is one of the world's
most infectious diseases Malaria is one of the world's most
infectious diseases 2 million deaths per year 2 million deaths per
year caused by the sporozoan Plasmodium and is carried by the
Anopheles mosquito caused by the sporozoan Plasmodium and is
carried by the Anopheles mosquito organism enters the host by the
mosquito's saliva and attacks the liver and blood cells causing red
blood cells to rupture organism enters the host by the mosquito's
saliva and attacks the liver and blood cells causing red blood
cells to rupture Symptoms include: high fever, delirious, chills.
Symptoms include: high fever, delirious, chills.
Plasmodium_Malaria.asf Plasmodium_Malaria.asf
Plasmodium_Malaria.asf
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Plasmodium Anopheles mosquito
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African sleeping sickness: caused by the zoo flagellate,
Trypanosoma caused by the zoo flagellate, Trypanosoma carried to
its host by the tsetse fly carried to its host by the tsetse fly
causes chills, rash, nerve damage leading to deep sleep and death.
causes chills, rash, nerve damage leading to deep sleep and
death.
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Trypanosoma Tsetse fly
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Amebic dysentery: severe diarrhea caused by the amoeba,
Entamoeba severe diarrhea caused by the amoeba, Entamoeba spread
through contaminated or untreated water spread through contaminated
or untreated water attacks large intestine where it may cause
bleeding. attacks large intestine where it may cause bleeding.
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Giardia infection: severe diarrhea severe diarrhea caused by
drinking contaminated water caused by drinking contaminated
water
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Plant like protists are classified as autotrophs. Algae are
plantlike because they contain chloroplasts and undergo
photosynthesis. Algae are plantlike because they contain
chloroplasts and undergo photosynthesis. Plant Like Protozoa.asf
Plant Like Protozoa.asf Plant Like Protozoa.asf Plant Like
Protozoa.asf
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Euglenophytes: Example: Euglena Example: Euglena These
organisms are more similar to animal like protista These organisms
are more similar to animal like protista They are algae with
flagella and no cell wall. They are algae with flagella and no cell
wall. Euglena.asf Euglena.asf Euglena.asf
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Diatoms: Have thin cell walls, rich in silicon, the main
component of glass; Have thin cell walls, rich in silicon, the main
component of glass; The glass like diatoms are used as abrasives,
polishes and filtering. The glass like diatoms are used as
abrasives, polishes and filtering. They also give sparkle in some
reflective paints. They also give sparkle in some reflective
paints. Diatoms.asf Diatoms.asfDiatoms.asf
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DIATOMS
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Dinoflagellates: may be photosynthetic or heterotrophic may be
photosynthetic or heterotrophic they may grow in enormous numbers
(bloom) they may grow in enormous numbers (bloom) some release
poisonous toxins into the water causing fish and other seafood to
become toxic to humans. some release poisonous toxins into the
water causing fish and other seafood to become toxic to humans. RED
TIDE!!!!!!!!! RED TIDE!!!!!!!!!
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Multicellular Algae Multicellular Algae Red Algae: red pigment
allows this algae to live very deep in water. Red Algae: red
pigment allows this algae to live very deep in water. Brown Algae:
very large, up to 60 meters long (pacific ocean kelp forests) Brown
Algae: very large, up to 60 meters long (pacific ocean kelp
forests) Green algae: may live as unicellular, or multicellular
organisms. Green algae: may live as unicellular, colonial or
multicellular organisms. Algae provides are planet with most of the
worlds oxygen. Algae provides are planet with most of the worlds
oxygen.
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Fungus-like Protists: heterotrophs that absorb nutrients from
dead or decaying organic matter heterotrophs that absorb nutrients
from dead or decaying organic matter Eukaryotic Eukaryotic
decomposers decomposers Examples: Slime molds (found often in damp
mulch beds) and water molds (grow on decaying matter in water).
Examples: Slime molds (found often in damp mulch beds) and water
molds (grow on decaying matter in water). The water mold produced
the potato blight that drove a million Irish farmers to America
from 1840-1850; another million starved to death! The water mold
produced the potato blight that drove a million Irish farmers to
America from 1840-1850; another million starved to death!