HPER 1070Terminology & Anatomy
Dr. Ayers(Thanks to Kyle Schauls)
Muscular Terms
• Strength
• Endurance
• Power
• Muscular Fitness
• Flexibility
• Repetition
• Set
• 1RM
• Flexion/Extension
• Elevation/Depression
• Prone/Supine
• Abduction/Adduction
• Anterior/Posterior
• Aerobic/Anaerobic
• Hypertrophy/Atrophy
• Isotonic (same tension): movement of set resistance throughout ROM (free weights, machines)– Concentric – muscle shortening
– Eccentric - muscle lengthening
• Isometric (same length): tension without observable shortening or lengthening; ↑ strength in limited ROM
• Isokinetic (same speed): realistic ROM, dangerous
• Plyometric (jump training): athletes, est. strength/agility
• Actin/Myosin crossbridge animation:
http://www.sci.sdsu.edu/movies/actin_myosin_gif.html
Resistance training: systematic program that progressively stresses the musculoskeletal system
Somatotypes: overall body shape and body composition characteristics
Endomorph (fat): short neck & limbs, no muscle definition
Mesomorph (muscle): slim hips/waist, broad shoulders, thick joints
Ectomorph (lean): small bones, long limbs, little body fat
http://fitlode.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/07/251Bfig1.png
Muscular System• Major muscle groups: http://www.bbc.co.uk/science/humanbody/body/factfiles/muscle_anatomy.shtml
Point and click for more info:http://biology.clc.uc.edu/courses/bio105/muscles.htm
http://www.free-ed.net/sweethaven/Science/Biology/ AnatomyPhysiol/Human01.asp
Upper Body• Front
– Pectoralis Major/minor (chest)– Rectus Abdominus (“6-pack”-actually 8-pack)– Transverse Abdominus (obliques)
• Back– Trapezius (traps)– Latissumus Dorsi (lats or back)
• Arms– Deltoid (shoulder)– Biceps Brachii (biceps)– Triceps Brachii (triceps)
Lower Body• Front
– Quadriceps (Quads)
• Back– Gluteus Maximus (and Medius)– Hamstrings– Gastrocnemius (Calf-superficial bumps)– Soleus (Calf-broad, flat, underlying)
Summary• Terminology
– Find a friend• What term was new?• What do you want clarified?
• Anatomy– Find another friend
• Major muscle groups: 1 does upper, friend does lower
Next Class• Fitness Testing
– SCR 1076– Recording sheet
• DUE– FitFact:
http://www.acefitness.org/fitfacts/default.aspx– Bring ONE printed FitFact that relates to class and
a brief (1 paragraph) explanation for your choice
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