HPER 1070Terminology & Anatomy

Dr. Ayers(Thanks to Kyle Schauls)

Muscular Terms

• Strength

• Endurance

• Power

• Muscular Fitness

• Flexibility

• Repetition

• Set

• 1RM

• Flexion/Extension

• Elevation/Depression

• Prone/Supine

• Abduction/Adduction

• Anterior/Posterior

• Aerobic/Anaerobic

• Hypertrophy/Atrophy

• Isotonic (same tension): movement of set resistance throughout ROM (free weights, machines)– Concentric – muscle shortening

– Eccentric - muscle lengthening

• Isometric (same length): tension without observable shortening or lengthening; ↑ strength in limited ROM

• Isokinetic (same speed): realistic ROM, dangerous

• Plyometric (jump training): athletes, est. strength/agility

• Actin/Myosin crossbridge animation:

http://www.sci.sdsu.edu/movies/actin_myosin_gif.html

Resistance training: systematic program that progressively stresses the musculoskeletal system

Somatotypes: overall body shape and body composition characteristics

Endomorph (fat): short neck & limbs, no muscle definition

Mesomorph (muscle): slim hips/waist, broad shoulders, thick joints

Ectomorph (lean): small bones, long limbs, little body fat

http://fitlode.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/07/251Bfig1.png

Muscular System• Major muscle groups: http://www.bbc.co.uk/science/humanbody/body/factfiles/muscle_anatomy.shtml

Point and click for more info:http://biology.clc.uc.edu/courses/bio105/muscles.htm

http://www.free-ed.net/sweethaven/Science/Biology/ AnatomyPhysiol/Human01.asp

Upper Body• Front

– Pectoralis Major/minor (chest)– Rectus Abdominus (“6-pack”-actually 8-pack)– Transverse Abdominus (obliques)

• Back– Trapezius (traps)– Latissumus Dorsi (lats or back)

• Arms– Deltoid (shoulder)– Biceps Brachii (biceps)– Triceps Brachii (triceps)

Lower Body• Front

– Quadriceps (Quads)

• Back– Gluteus Maximus (and Medius)– Hamstrings– Gastrocnemius (Calf-superficial bumps)– Soleus (Calf-broad, flat, underlying)

Summary• Terminology

– Find a friend• What term was new?• What do you want clarified?

• Anatomy– Find another friend

• Major muscle groups: 1 does upper, friend does lower

Next Class• Fitness Testing

– SCR 1076– Recording sheet

• DUE– FitFact:

http://www.acefitness.org/fitfacts/default.aspx– Bring ONE printed FitFact that relates to class and

a brief (1 paragraph) explanation for your choice