HORIZON 2020 for a more sustainable and fairer knowledge society: what role for the citizen, civil society and the public good?
Dr. Claudia Neubauer
Fondation Sciences Citoyennes a NGO think tank on science & democracy
HORIZON 2020 BRUSSELS, 07/06/2012
Informal alliance of NGOs on CSF and Horizon 2020
Open letter Public Research should benefit Society, not big business, June 2011
Informal alliance of NGOs on CSF and Horizon 2020
Open letter Public Research should benefit Society, not big business, June 2011
pervasive focus on competitiveness, technological innovation and the
contribution of research to growth seriously narrows down the options and possibilities of inclusive governance and of sustainable innovation responding to social, ecological and economic demands.
Informal alliance of NGOs on CSF and Horizon 2020
Open letter Public Research should benefit Society, not big business, June 2011
pervasive focus on competitiveness, technological innovation and the
contribution of research to growth seriously narrows down the options and possibilities of inclusive governance and of sustainable innovation responding to social, ecological and economic demands.
R&I are portrayed as a race, for which the only alternative is to go faster or
slower, but with no choice over direction.
Informal alliance of NGOs on CSF and Horizon 2020
Open letter Public Research should benefit Society, not big business, June 2011
pervasive focus on competitiveness, technological innovation and the
contribution of research to growth seriously narrows down the options and possibilities of inclusive governance and of sustainable innovation responding to social, ecological and economic demands.
R&I are portrayed as a race, for which the only alternative is to go faster or
slower, but with no choice over direction.
"Papers, products and patents" is a good summary of the trends in R&I.
Informal alliance of NGOs on CSF and Horizon 2020
Open letter Public Research should benefit Society, not big business, June 2011
pervasive focus on competitiveness, technological innovation and the
contribution of research to growth seriously narrows down the options and possibilities of inclusive governance and of sustainable innovation responding to social, ecological and economic demands.
R&I are portrayed as a race, for which the only alternative is to go faster or
slower, but with no choice over direction.
"Papers, products and patents" is a good summary of the trends in R&I.
Addressing adequately poverty, social, economic and ecological injustice, loss of biodiversity, climate change, resource scarcity, the need to move towards a low-carbon society, public health issues, democratic deficits, etc. would need a significant shift of current European R&I policies.
Horizon 2020 should:
Overcome the myth that only highly complex and cost intensive technologies can create employment, sustainability, and well-being,
Horizon 2020 should:
Overcome the myth that only highly complex and cost intensive technologies can create employment, sustainability, and well-being,
Seek for major non productiviste innovations, allow and support plurality in technology choice,
Horizon 2020 should:
Overcome the myth that only highly complex and cost intensive technologies can create employment, sustainability, and well-being,
Seek for major non productiviste innovations, allow and support plurality in technology choice,
Support decentralised governance, decentralised energy supply, locally
adapted and produced agriculture, etc.
Horizon 2020 should:
Overcome the myth that only highly complex and cost intensive technologies can create employment, sustainability, and well-being,
Seek for major non productiviste innovations, allow and support plurality in technology choice,
Support decentralised governance, decentralised energy supply, locally
adapted and produced agriculture, etc.
Facilitate cooperation and knowledge exchange between civil society organisations and academia in order to realise the innovative potential of the non-profit sector in numerous research and innovation domains.
Short semantic analysis of Horizon 2020 a) frequency of terms
Term Specific programme (Sc. Exc., Ind. Leader., Soc. Challenges)
competit*/ market, industry/SME, etc.
221
consumer, citizen 39
civil society 1
sustainable 56
Short semantic analysis of Horizon 2020 a) frequency of terms
b) meanings of terms
Term
sustain* sustain environment sustain research infrastructures
citizen inform the (passive, ignorant) citizens
cooperate with (active, creative) citizens
Term Specific programme (Sc. Exc., Ind. Leader., Soc. Challenges)
competit*/ market, industry/SME, etc.
221
consumer, citizen 39
civil society 1
sustainable 56
Science – Society Activities
FP6: Science and Society
FP7: Science in Society
H2020: Science with and for Society (including Responsible Research and Innovation)
FP6 FP7 H2020
Science and society
Science in society
Science with and for society (responsible research and innovation)
80 M€ 330 M€
0,46 % of total FP6 (17,5 bn €)
0,62 % of total FP7 (53 bn €)
FP6 FP7 H2020
Science and society
Science in society
Science with and for society (responsible research and innovation)
80 M€ 330 M€ 1 bn €
0,46 % of total FP6 (17,5 bn €)
0,62 % of total FP7 (53 bn €)
1,25 % of total H2020 (if 80 bn €)
Societal challenges
6.2.3. Ensuring societal engagement in research and innovation
6.2.3. Ensuring societal engagement in research and innovation – science with and for society
Enabling all societal actors to interact in the innovation cycle increases the quality, relevance, acceptability and sustainability of innovation outcomes by integrating society's interests and values. […] A scientifically literate, responsible and creative society will be nurtured through the promotion of and research on appropriate science education methods.
Enabling all societal actors to interact in the innovation cycle increases the quality, relevance, acceptability and sustainability of innovation outcomes by integrating society's interests and values (responsible research and innovation). […] A scientifically literate, responsible and creative society will be nurtured through the promotion of and research on appropriate science education methods. It also includes participatory research where scientists and CSOs co-produce protocols and knowledge in order to respond to society needs.
Clearly ensure CSO participation
Rules for Participation
Title I Introductory provisions Article 2 Definitions
Title I Introductory provisions Article 2 Definitions
RfP (10) 'legal entity’ means undertakings, research centres and universities, encompassing any natural person, or any legal person created under national law, Union law or international law, …
(10) 'legal entity’ means undertakings, research centres and universities, and civil society organisations encompassing any natural person, or any legal person created under national law, Union law or international law, …
Clearly ensure CSO participation
Rules for Participation
Title I Introductory provisions Article 2 Definitions
Title I Introductory provisions Article 2 Definitions
RfP (10) 'legal entity’ means undertakings, research centres and universities, encompassing any natural person, or any legal person created under national law, Union law or international law, …
(10) 'legal entity’ means undertakings, research centres and
universities, and civil society organisations encompassing any natural person, or any legal person created under national law, Union law or international law, …
Regulation establishing Horizon 2020
General principles: Article 12 External advice and societal engagement (RRI) Article 13 Cross-cutting actions (RRI)
Specific programme, Title I Establishment
Specific programme, Title I Establishment
Article 3 Specific objectives 1. Part I “Excellent science” shall strengthen
the excellence of European research … by pursuing the following specific objectives:
(a) strengthening frontier research, through the activities of the European Research Council (ERC); (b) strengthening research in Future and Emerging Technologies; (c) strengthening skills, training and career development, through the Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions ("Marie Curie actions"); (d) strengthening European research infrastructures, including e-infrastructures.
Article 3 Specific objectives 1. Part I “Excellent science” shall strengthen
the excellence of European research … by pursuing the following specific objectives:
(a) strengthening frontier research, through the activities of the European Research Council (ERC); (b) strengthening research in Future and Emerging Technologies; (c) strengthening skills, training and career development, through the Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions ("Marie Curie actions"); (d) strengthening European research infrastructures, including e-infrastructures.
(e) strengthening research into needs expressed by civil society organisations.
Definition of civil society organisations as used under FP7
CSOs are non-governmental, not-for-profit, not representing commercial interests, and pursuing a common purpose for the public interest.
Definition from the BSG-CSO funding scheme (Research for the Benefits of Specific Groups-CSO)
MAIN MESSAGE ON SCIENCE – SOCIETY ACTIVITIES
Science with and for society is not an annexe. It should be
central in Horizon 2020.
MAIN MESSAGE ON SCIENCE – SOCIETY ACTIVITIES
Science with and for society is not an annexe. It should be
central in Horizon 2020.
It is transversal and should be introduced into all thematic priorities under Societal challenges: health, food-agriculture-bio-economy, energy, transport, climate, inclusive societies
MAIN MESSAGE ON SCIENCE – SOCIETY ACTIVITIES
Science with and for society is not an annexe. It should be
central in Horizon 2020.
It is transversal and should be introduced into all thematic priorities under Societal challenges: health, food-agriculture-bio-economy, energy, transport, climate, inclusive societies
Give it an IMPORTANT BUDGET so as to make it (at least) a (relative) priority.
Framework programme
Budget for research on OA in M€
Total budget of FPs in M€
% of budget spent on OA research
FP3 5 6600 0.08
FP4 11 13215 0.22
FP5 33 14960 0.20
FP6 41 17500 0.23
Example organic agriculture
total amount of money for organic agriculture research is constantly growing
Framework programme
Budget for research on OA in M€
Total budget of FPs in M€
% of budget spent on OA research
FP3 5 6600 0.08
FP4 11 13215 0.22
FP5 33 14960 0.20
FP6 41 17500 0.23
Example organic agriculture
total amount of money for organic agriculture research is constantly growing relative support to organic agriculture research did not grow since 1994 and
stays stable at a very low level
Framework programme
Budget for research on OA in M€
Total budget of FPs in M€
% of budget spent on OA research
FP3 5 6600 0.08
FP4 11 13215 0.22
FP5 33 14960 0.20
FP6 41 17500 0.23
Example organic agriculture
Organic agriculture in €
Biotechnological agriculture in €
FP6 41.141.000 133.922.000
FP6-Food 32.293.000 126.767.000
% of FP6-Food budget
4,71 18,51
Example organic agriculture versus biotechnological agriculture
Organic agriculture in €
Biotechnological agriculture in €
FP6 41.141.000 133.922.000
FP6-Food 32.293.000 126.767.000
% of FP6-Food budget
4,71 18,51
Support to projects for biotechnological agriculture was more than three times as high as support to those on organic agriculture: BT/OA = 3.25.
Example organic agriculture versus biotechnological agriculture
Organic agriculture in €
Biotechnological agriculture in €
FP6 41.141.000 133.922.000
FP6-Food 32.293.000 126.767.000
% of FP6-Food budget
4,71 18,51
Support to projects for biotechnological agriculture was more than three times as high as support to those on organic agriculture: BT/OA = 3.25.
Horizon 2020 mentions conventional, organic, and BT agriculture.
Example organic agriculture versus biotechnological agriculture
Organic agriculture in €
Biotechnological agriculture in €
FP6 41.141.000 133.922.000
FP6-Food 32.293.000 126.767.000
% of FP6-Food budget
4,71 18,51
Support to projects for biotechnological agriculture was more than three times as high as support to those on organic agriculture: BT/OA = 3.25.
Horizon 2020 mentions conventional, organic, and BT agriculture.
what will be prioritised?
Example organic agriculture versus biotechnological agriculture
Organic agriculture in €
Biotechnological agriculture in €
FP6 41.141.000 133.922.000
FP6-Food 32.293.000 126.767.000
% of FP6-Food budget
4,71 18,51
Support to projects for biotechnological agriculture was more than three times as high as support to those on organic agriculture: BT/OA = 3.25.
Horizon 2020 mentions conventional, organic, and BT agriculture.
what will be prioritised?
what budget share?!
Example organic agriculture versus biotechnological agriculture
Part III – Societal Challenges 2.Food Security, Sustainable Agriculture, Marine And Maritime Research And The Bio-Economy
Part III – Societal Challenges 2.Food Security, Sustainable Agriculture, Marine And Maritime Research And The Bio-Economy
2.3 Broad lines of the activities (a) Sustainable agriculture and forestry The aim is to supply sufficient food, feed, biomass and other raw-materials, while safeguarding natural resources and enhancing ecosystems services, including coping with and mitigating climate change. The activities shall focus on more sustainable and productive agriculture and forestry systems which are both resource-efficient (including low-carbon) and resilient, …
2.3 Broad lines of the activities (a) Sustainable agriculture and forestry The aim is to supply sufficient food, feed, biomass and other raw-materials, while safeguarding natural resources including biodiversity, in a European and world-wide perspective and enhancing ecosystems services, including with and mitigating climate change. The activities shall focus on more sustainable, resilient and productive agriculture and forestry systems which are both resource-efficient (including low-carbon,
low external input and organic farming),
protect natural resources, are diverse and can adapt to a changing environment and are resilient, …
2.1.1. Increasing production efficiency and coping with climate change, while ensuring sustainability and resilience
2.1.1. Increasing production efficiency and coping with climate change, while ensuring sustainability and resilience
(…) Multi-disciplinary approaches will be sought to improve the performance of plants, animals, micro-organisms, (...) Emphasis will be placed on integrated and diverse production systems and agronomic practices, including the use of precision technologies and ecological intensification approaches to benefit both conventional and organic agriculture. Genetic improvement of plants and animals (…) call for all appropriated conventional and modern breeding approaches and for a better use of genetic resources.
(…) Multi- and transdisciplinary approaches
utilizing the expertise and experience of actors along the whole supply chain will be sought to improve the performance of plants, animals, micro-organisms, (…) Emphasis will be placed on integrated and diverse production systems and agronomic practices, including the use of precision
technologies, agro-ecological and organic farming methods and ecological intensification approaches to benefit both conventional and organic agriculture. Genetic improvement of plants and animals (…) call for all appropriated conventional and modern breeding approaches and for a better use of
genetic resources for adaptation to scarce resources, reduced pesticide use and local environmental conditions.
HEALTH
Protection of public health
Universal access to health care
Access to new drugs and technologies
Affordable innovations
Generics
Patenting, licensing
Transparency
EXPLANATORY MEMORANDUM 1. CONTEXT OF THE PROPOSAL
EXPLANATORY MEMORANDUM 1. CONTEXT OF THE PROPOSAL
add a point: In the case of inventions that have the potential for further development into a lifesaving drug, vaccine or medical diagnostic, global access licensing (as proposed in the 2012 WHO CEWG report) should guarantee the availability of affordable treatment in low and middle income countries.
Article 12 – Proposals […] add a point: 4. Any proposal for research with potentials for further development into a novel medical technology (e.g. drug, vaccine, medical diagnostic) shall include a draft with a concrete and transparent strategy to guarantee access to this technology in low and middle income countries, where otherwise lack of access to the technology would pose a threat to the protection of public health.
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