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HORIZON 2020 for a more sustainable and fairer knowledge society: what role for the citizen, civil society and the public good?

Dr. Claudia Neubauer

Fondation Sciences Citoyennes a NGO think tank on science & democracy

HORIZON 2020 BRUSSELS, 07/06/2012

Informal alliance of NGOs on CSF and Horizon 2020

Open letter Public Research should benefit Society, not big business, June 2011



pervasive focus on competitiveness, technological innovation and the

contribution of research to growth seriously narrows down the options and possibilities of inclusive governance and of sustainable innovation responding to social, ecological and economic demands.





R&I are portrayed as a race, for which the only alternative is to go faster or

slower, but with no choice over direction.







"Papers, products and patents" is a good summary of the trends in R&I.







"Papers, products and patents" is a good summary of the trends in R&I.

Addressing adequately poverty, social, economic and ecological injustice, loss of biodiversity, climate change, resource scarcity, the need to move towards a low-carbon society, public health issues, democratic deficits, etc. would need a significant shift of current European R&I policies.

Horizon 2020 should:

Overcome the myth that only highly complex and cost intensive technologies can create employment, sustainability, and well-being,



Seek for major non productiviste innovations, allow and support plurality in technology choice,




Support decentralised governance, decentralised energy supply, locally

adapted and produced agriculture, etc.




Support decentralised governance, decentralised energy supply, locally

adapted and produced agriculture, etc.

Facilitate cooperation and knowledge exchange between civil society organisations and academia in order to realise the innovative potential of the non-profit sector in numerous research and innovation domains.

Short semantic analysis of Horizon 2020 a) frequency of terms

Term Specific programme (Sc. Exc., Ind. Leader., Soc. Challenges)

competit*/ market, industry/SME, etc.

221

consumer, citizen 39

civil society 1

sustainable 56

Short semantic analysis of Horizon 2020 a) frequency of terms

b) meanings of terms

Term

sustain* sustain environment sustain research infrastructures

citizen inform the (passive, ignorant) citizens

cooperate with (active, creative) citizens

Term Specific programme (Sc. Exc., Ind. Leader., Soc. Challenges)

competit*/ market, industry/SME, etc.

221

consumer, citizen 39

civil society 1

sustainable 56

Science – Society Activities


FP6: Science and Society



FP7: Science in Society




H2020: ?




H2020: Science with and for Society (including Responsible Research and Innovation)

FP6 FP7 H2020

Science and society

Science in society

Science with and for society (responsible research and innovation)

80 M€ 330 M€

0,46 % of total FP6 (17,5 bn €)

0,62 % of total FP7 (53 bn €)

FP6 FP7 H2020

Science and society

Science in society

Science with and for society (responsible research and innovation)

80 M€ 330 M€ 1 bn €

0,46 % of total FP6 (17,5 bn €)

0,62 % of total FP7 (53 bn €)

1,25 % of total H2020 (if 80 bn €)

Societal challenges

6.2.3. Ensuring societal engagement in research and innovation

6.2.3. Ensuring societal engagement in research and innovation – science with and for society

Enabling all societal actors to interact in the innovation cycle increases the quality, relevance, acceptability and sustainability of innovation outcomes by integrating society's interests and values. […] A scientifically literate, responsible and creative society will be nurtured through the promotion of and research on appropriate science education methods.

Enabling all societal actors to interact in the innovation cycle increases the quality, relevance, acceptability and sustainability of innovation outcomes by integrating society's interests and values (responsible research and innovation). […] A scientifically literate, responsible and creative society will be nurtured through the promotion of and research on appropriate science education methods. It also includes participatory research where scientists and CSOs co-produce protocols and knowledge in order to respond to society needs.

Clearly ensure CSO participation

Rules for Participation

Title I Introductory provisions Article 2 Definitions


RfP (10) 'legal entity’ means undertakings, research centres and universities, encompassing any natural person, or any legal person created under national law, Union law or international law, …

(10) 'legal entity’ means undertakings, research centres and universities, and civil society organisations encompassing any natural person, or any legal person created under national law, Union law or international law, …

Clearly ensure CSO participation

Rules for Participation



RfP (10) 'legal entity’ means undertakings, research centres and universities, encompassing any natural person, or any legal person created under national law, Union law or international law, …

(10) 'legal entity’ means undertakings, research centres and

universities, and civil society organisations encompassing any natural person, or any legal person created under national law, Union law or international law, …

Regulation establishing Horizon 2020

General principles: Article 12 External advice and societal engagement (RRI) Article 13 Cross-cutting actions (RRI)

Specific programme, Title I Establishment

Specific programme, Title I Establishment

Article 3 Specific objectives 1. Part I “Excellent science” shall strengthen

the excellence of European research … by pursuing the following specific objectives:

(a) strengthening frontier research, through the activities of the European Research Council (ERC); (b) strengthening research in Future and Emerging Technologies; (c) strengthening skills, training and career development, through the Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions ("Marie Curie actions"); (d) strengthening European research infrastructures, including e-infrastructures.

Article 3 Specific objectives 1. Part I “Excellent science” shall strengthen

the excellence of European research … by pursuing the following specific objectives:

(a) strengthening frontier research, through the activities of the European Research Council (ERC); (b) strengthening research in Future and Emerging Technologies; (c) strengthening skills, training and career development, through the Marie Skłodowska-Curie actions ("Marie Curie actions"); (d) strengthening European research infrastructures, including e-infrastructures.

(e) strengthening research into needs expressed by civil society organisations.

Definition of civil society organisations as used under FP7

CSOs are non-governmental, not-for-profit, not representing commercial interests, and pursuing a common purpose for the public interest.

Definition from the BSG-CSO funding scheme (Research for the Benefits of Specific Groups-CSO)

MAIN MESSAGE ON SCIENCE – SOCIETY ACTIVITIES


Science with and for society is not an annexe. It should be

central in Horizon 2020.




It is transversal and should be introduced into all thematic priorities under Societal challenges: health, food-agriculture-bio-economy, energy, transport, climate, inclusive societies




It is transversal and should be introduced into all thematic priorities under Societal challenges: health, food-agriculture-bio-economy, energy, transport, climate, inclusive societies

Give it an IMPORTANT BUDGET so as to make it (at least) a (relative) priority.

Framework programme

Budget for research on OA in M€

Total budget of FPs in M€

% of budget spent on OA research

FP3 5 6600 0.08

FP4 11 13215 0.22

FP5 33 14960 0.20

FP6 41 17500 0.23

Example organic agriculture

total amount of money for organic agriculture research is constantly growing

Framework programme




FP3 5 6600 0.08

FP4 11 13215 0.22

FP5 33 14960 0.20

FP6 41 17500 0.23


total amount of money for organic agriculture research is constantly growing relative support to organic agriculture research did not grow since 1994 and

stays stable at a very low level

Framework programme




FP3 5 6600 0.08

FP4 11 13215 0.22

FP5 33 14960 0.20

FP6 41 17500 0.23


Organic agriculture in €

Biotechnological agriculture in €

FP6 41.141.000 133.922.000

FP6-Food 32.293.000 126.767.000

% of FP6-Food budget

4,71 18,51

Example organic agriculture versus biotechnological agriculture



FP6 41.141.000 133.922.000

FP6-Food 32.293.000 126.767.000


4,71 18,51

Support to projects for biotechnological agriculture was more than three times as high as support to those on organic agriculture: BT/OA = 3.25.




FP6 41.141.000 133.922.000

FP6-Food 32.293.000 126.767.000


4,71 18,51


Horizon 2020 mentions conventional, organic, and BT agriculture.




FP6 41.141.000 133.922.000

FP6-Food 32.293.000 126.767.000


4,71 18,51



what will be prioritised?




FP6 41.141.000 133.922.000

FP6-Food 32.293.000 126.767.000


4,71 18,51



what will be prioritised?

what budget share?!


Part III – Societal Challenges 2.Food Security, Sustainable Agriculture, Marine And Maritime Research And The Bio-Economy

Part III – Societal Challenges 2.Food Security, Sustainable Agriculture, Marine And Maritime Research And The Bio-Economy

2.3 Broad lines of the activities (a) Sustainable agriculture and forestry The aim is to supply sufficient food, feed, biomass and other raw-materials, while safeguarding natural resources and enhancing ecosystems services, including coping with and mitigating climate change. The activities shall focus on more sustainable and productive agriculture and forestry systems which are both resource-efficient (including low-carbon) and resilient, …

2.3 Broad lines of the activities (a) Sustainable agriculture and forestry The aim is to supply sufficient food, feed, biomass and other raw-materials, while safeguarding natural resources including biodiversity, in a European and world-wide perspective and enhancing ecosystems services, including with and mitigating climate change. The activities shall focus on more sustainable, resilient and productive agriculture and forestry systems which are both resource-efficient (including low-carbon,

low external input and organic farming),

protect natural resources, are diverse and can adapt to a changing environment and are resilient, …

2.1.1. Increasing production efficiency and coping with climate change, while ensuring sustainability and resilience

2.1.1. Increasing production efficiency and coping with climate change, while ensuring sustainability and resilience

(…) Multi-disciplinary approaches will be sought to improve the performance of plants, animals, micro-organisms, (...) Emphasis will be placed on integrated and diverse production systems and agronomic practices, including the use of precision technologies and ecological intensification approaches to benefit both conventional and organic agriculture. Genetic improvement of plants and animals (…) call for all appropriated conventional and modern breeding approaches and for a better use of genetic resources.

(…) Multi- and transdisciplinary approaches

utilizing the expertise and experience of actors along the whole supply chain will be sought to improve the performance of plants, animals, micro-organisms, (…) Emphasis will be placed on integrated and diverse production systems and agronomic practices, including the use of precision

technologies, agro-ecological and organic farming methods and ecological intensification approaches to benefit both conventional and organic agriculture. Genetic improvement of plants and animals (…) call for all appropriated conventional and modern breeding approaches and for a better use of

genetic resources for adaptation to scarce resources, reduced pesticide use and local environmental conditions.

HEALTH

Protection of public health

Universal access to health care

Access to new drugs and technologies

Affordable innovations

Generics

Patenting, licensing

Transparency

EXPLANATORY MEMORANDUM 1. CONTEXT OF THE PROPOSAL

EXPLANATORY MEMORANDUM 1. CONTEXT OF THE PROPOSAL

add a point: In the case of inventions that have the potential for further development into a lifesaving drug, vaccine or medical diagnostic, global access licensing (as proposed in the 2012 WHO CEWG report) should guarantee the availability of affordable treatment in low and middle income countries.

Article 12 – Proposals […] add a point: 4. Any proposal for research with potentials for further development into a novel medical technology (e.g. drug, vaccine, medical diagnostic) shall include a draft with a concrete and transparent strategy to guarantee access to this technology in low and middle income countries, where otherwise lack of access to the technology would pose a threat to the protection of public health.

Thank you for your attention.

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