INCLUSIVE PRETERITE
-ar -er/-ir
-e with accent -i with accent
-aste -iste
-o with accent -io with accent over o
-amos -imos
-aron -ieron
Andar Anduve-
Estar Estuve-
Poder Pud-
Poner Pus-
Quere Quis-
Saber Sup-
Tener Tuv-
Venir Vin-
CUCARACHA VERBS
Conducir Conduj-
Producir Produj-
Traducir Traduj-
Decir Dij-
Traer Traj-
Take off the “I”
Snake VerbsDormir LeerDormi leiDormimos leimosdormiste leiste Durmio leyo Dumieron leyeron
DEMONSTRATIVE ADJECTIVES + PRONOUNS
They are used in the place of the adjective and the noun
Masculine
Singular/ plural
Este/ estos (these one)
Ese/ esos (that one)
Aquel/ aquellos (that way over there)
FeminineSingular/ pluralEsta/ estas(this one)Esa/ esas (that one)Aquella/ aquellas (that one over there)
ORDINAL NUMBERS
When used with nouns they must agree in number and gender
Placed before nouns
Primera firstSegunda secondTercera thirdCuarta fourthQuinta fifthSexta sixthSeptimo seventhOctavo eighthNoveno ninthDecimo tenth
PREPOSITIONS
Cerca (de) close
Delante (de)
A la derecha (de) rightj
Detras (de)
Entre
A la izquierda (de) left
Al lado (de)
Lejos (de)
FUTURE
Ir+a+infinitive
Infinitive
Decir dir
Hacer har
Poner pondr
Salir saldr
Tener tendr
Valer vald
Venir vendr
Poder podr
Querer querr
Saber sabr
DOUBLE OBJECT PRONOUNS
The indirect object pronoun precedes the direct object pronoun when they are used together in a sentence
- Me mandaron los boietos por correo.
- Me los manaro por correo.
- Te exijo una repuesta ahora mismo
- Te la exijo ahora mismo
Le and les changes to se when they are used with lo, la, los, or las.
- Le damos las revistas a Ricardo.
- Se las damas.
When object pronouns are attached to infinitives, participles, or commands, a written accent is often required to maintain proper word stress.
INDIRECT/DIRECT OBJECT PRONOUNS
Indirect: to whom or for whom
- Carla siempre me da boletos para el cine
- (Carla always gives me movie tickets)
Direct: who or what
- Ellos los consigue gratis
- (She gets them for free)
When the verb is an infinitive construction, object pronouns may be either attached to the infinitive or placed before the conjugated verb. When the verb is in the progressive, object pronouns may be either attached to the present partciple or placed before the conjugated verb.